Epic Bible Study Isaiah: The Prophet's Lips
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[SUP]12 [/SUP]As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, they which lead thee cause thee to err, and destroy the way of thy paths.
they which lead thee cause thee to err Each believer is held personally responsible for personal obedience, and for teaching his children. In the case of Israel, there was also an expectation of national obedience; in fact the entire nation is frequently referred to as Jacob. Here are some examples:
Nu 23:7, 21, 23; Nu 24:5, 17, 19; Dt 33:4, 10; 1Ch 16:17; Ps 14:7; Ps 59:13; Is 10:21.
When there is national disobedience; God holds the leaders especially responsible.
13 The LORD standeth up to plead, and standeth to judge the people.
13 The LORD hath appointed Himself to contend, and riseth up to defend the people.
hath appointed Himself to contend נִצָ֥ב לָרִיב
(נָצַב) can be translated ‘stand’ in the (Qal) active voice; but here, the (niphal perfect) passive reflexive voice, demands the more usual sense ‘appoint Himself’ and since the passive perfect is used, hath appointed Himself is correct here.
to contend ( רִיב) literally means grapple; hence לָרִיב to contend
riseth up to defend וְעֹמֵ֖ד לָדִ֥ין (See: Is 33:3, Is 33:10.)
( וְעֹמֵ֖ד) literally means ‘and stands’ but, is often translated as (arise) which I think is better in context.
דִ֥ין means uphold or defend; hence riseth up to defend.
See Ps 96:13.
14 The LORD will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for ye have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.
14 The LORD will pass sentence against the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for ye have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.
pass sentence against בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יָב֔וֺא
(מִשְׁפָּ֣ט) means verdict or sentence
(בְּ) means in, by, or with; however English idiom and Hebrew idiom do not coincide here so against is necessary.
(יָב֔וֺא) means he will cause ; hence: pass sentence against conveys the sense of, if not the literal meaning of the Hebrew text. ( literally cause verdict in)
Isaiah 9
1 Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did more grievously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, in Galilee of the nations.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light: they that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]For thou hast broken the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, as in the day of Midian.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]For every battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and garments rolled in blood; but this shall be with burning and fuel of fire.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]The Lord sent a word into Jacob, and it hath lighted upon Israel.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]And all the people shall know, even Ephraim and the inhabitant of Samaria, that say in the pride and stoutness of heart,
[SUP]10 [/SUP]The bricks are fallen down, but we will build with hewn stones: the sycomores are cut down, but we will change them into cedars.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord shall set up the adversaries of Rezin against him, and join his enemies together;
[SUP]12 [/SUP]The Syrians before, and the Philistines behind; and they shall devour Israel with open mouth. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]For the people turneth not unto him that smiteth them, neither do they seek the Lord of hosts.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]The ancient and honourable, he is the head; and the prophet that teacheth lies, he is the tail.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]For the leaders of this people cause them to err; and they that are led of them are destroyed.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall have mercy on their fatherless and widows: for every one is an hypocrite and an evildoer, and every mouth speaketh folly. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
[SUP]18 [/SUP]For wickedness burneth as the fire: it shall devour the briers and thorns, and shall kindle in the thickets of the forest, and they shall mount up like the lifting up of smoke.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]Through the wrath of the Lord of hosts is the land darkened, and the people shall be as the fuel of the fire: no man shall spare his brother.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]And he shall snatch on the right hand, and be hungry; and he shall eat on the left hand, and they shall not be satisfied: they shall eat every man the flesh of his own arm:
[SUP]21 [/SUP]Manasseh, Ephraim; and Ephraim, Manasseh: and they together shall be against Judah. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
1 Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did more grievously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, in Galilee of the nations.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light: they that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]For thou hast broken the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, as in the day of Midian.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]For every battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and garments rolled in blood; but this shall be with burning and fuel of fire.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]The Lord sent a word into Jacob, and it hath lighted upon Israel.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]And all the people shall know, even Ephraim and the inhabitant of Samaria, that say in the pride and stoutness of heart,
[SUP]10 [/SUP]The bricks are fallen down, but we will build with hewn stones: the sycomores are cut down, but we will change them into cedars.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord shall set up the adversaries of Rezin against him, and join his enemies together;
[SUP]12 [/SUP]The Syrians before, and the Philistines behind; and they shall devour Israel with open mouth. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]For the people turneth not unto him that smiteth them, neither do they seek the Lord of hosts.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]The ancient and honourable, he is the head; and the prophet that teacheth lies, he is the tail.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]For the leaders of this people cause them to err; and they that are led of them are destroyed.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall have mercy on their fatherless and widows: for every one is an hypocrite and an evildoer, and every mouth speaketh folly. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
[SUP]18 [/SUP]For wickedness burneth as the fire: it shall devour the briers and thorns, and shall kindle in the thickets of the forest, and they shall mount up like the lifting up of smoke.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]Through the wrath of the Lord of hosts is the land darkened, and the people shall be as the fuel of the fire: no man shall spare his brother.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]And he shall snatch on the right hand, and be hungry; and he shall eat on the left hand, and they shall not be satisfied: they shall eat every man the flesh of his own arm:
[SUP]21 [/SUP]Manasseh, Ephraim; and Ephraim, Manasseh: and they together shall be against Judah. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
Isaiah 10
1 Woe unto them that decree unrighteous decrees, and that write grievousness which they have prescribed;
[SUP]2 [/SUP]To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right from the poor of my people, that widows may be their prey, and that they may rob the fatherless!
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And what will ye do in the day of visitation, and in the desolation which shall come from far? to whom will ye flee for help? and where will ye leave your glory?
[SUP]4 [/SUP]Without me they shall bow down under the prisoners, and they shall fall under the slain. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]O Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, and the staff in their hand is mine indignation.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]I will send him against an hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge, to take the spoil, and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither doth his heart think so; but it is in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a few.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]For he saith, Are not my princes altogether kings?
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Is not Calno as Carchemish? is not Hamath as Arpad? is not Samaria as Damascus?
[SUP]10 [/SUP]As my hand hath found the kingdoms of the idols, and whose graven images did excel them of Jerusalem and of Samaria;
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Shall I not, as I have done unto Samaria and her idols, so do to Jerusalem and her idols?
[SUP]12 [/SUP]Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]For he saith, By the strength of my hand I have done it, and by my wisdom; for I am prudent: and I have removed the bounds of the people, and have robbed their treasures, and I have put down the inhabitants like a valiant man:
[SUP]14 [/SUP]And my hand hath found as a nest the riches of the people: and as one gathereth eggs that are left, have I gathered all the earth; and there was none that moved the wing, or opened the mouth, or peeped.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? or shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? as if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it up, or as if the staff should lift up itself, as if it were no wood.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]Therefore shall the Lord, the Lord of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory he shall kindle a burning like the burning of a fire.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]And the light of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame: and it shall burn and devour his thorns and his briers in one day;
[SUP]18 [/SUP]And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body: and they shall be as when a standard-bearer fainteth.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in that day, that the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, shall no more again stay upon him that smote them; but shall stay upon the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, in truth.
[SUP]21 [/SUP]The remnant shall return, even the remnant of Jacob, unto the mighty God.
[SUP]22 [/SUP]For though thy people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant of them shall return: the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness.
[SUP]23 [/SUP]For the Lord God of hosts shall make a consumption, even determined, in the midst of all the land.
[SUP]24 [/SUP]Therefore thus saith the Lord God of hosts, O my people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of the Assyrian: he shall smite thee with a rod, and shall lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt.
[SUP]25 [/SUP]For yet a very little while, and the indignation shall cease, and mine anger in their destruction.
[SUP]26 [/SUP]And the Lord of hosts shall stir up a scourge for him according to the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb: and as his rod was upon the sea, so shall he lift it up after the manner of Egypt.
[SUP]27 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in that day, that his burden shall be taken away from off thy shoulder, and his yoke from off thy neck, and the yoke shall be destroyed because of the anointing.
[SUP]28 [/SUP]He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he hath laid up his carriages:
[SUP]29 [/SUP]They are gone over the passage: they have taken up their lodging at Geba; Ramah is afraid; Gibeah of Saul is fled.
[SUP]30 [/SUP]Lift up thy voice, O daughter of Gallim: cause it to be heard unto Laish, O poor Anathoth.
[SUP]31 [/SUP]Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee.
[SUP]32 [/SUP]As yet shall he remain at Nob that day: he shall shake his hand against the mount of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem.
[SUP]33 [/SUP]Behold, the Lord, the Lord of hosts, shall lop the bough with terror: and the high ones of stature shall be hewn down, and the haughty shall be humbled.
[SUP]34 [/SUP]And he shall cut down the thickets of the forest with iron, and Lebanon shall fall by a mighty one.
1 Woe unto them that decree unrighteous decrees, and that write grievousness which they have prescribed;
[SUP]2 [/SUP]To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right from the poor of my people, that widows may be their prey, and that they may rob the fatherless!
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And what will ye do in the day of visitation, and in the desolation which shall come from far? to whom will ye flee for help? and where will ye leave your glory?
[SUP]4 [/SUP]Without me they shall bow down under the prisoners, and they shall fall under the slain. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]O Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, and the staff in their hand is mine indignation.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]I will send him against an hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge, to take the spoil, and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither doth his heart think so; but it is in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a few.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]For he saith, Are not my princes altogether kings?
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Is not Calno as Carchemish? is not Hamath as Arpad? is not Samaria as Damascus?
[SUP]10 [/SUP]As my hand hath found the kingdoms of the idols, and whose graven images did excel them of Jerusalem and of Samaria;
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Shall I not, as I have done unto Samaria and her idols, so do to Jerusalem and her idols?
[SUP]12 [/SUP]Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]For he saith, By the strength of my hand I have done it, and by my wisdom; for I am prudent: and I have removed the bounds of the people, and have robbed their treasures, and I have put down the inhabitants like a valiant man:
[SUP]14 [/SUP]And my hand hath found as a nest the riches of the people: and as one gathereth eggs that are left, have I gathered all the earth; and there was none that moved the wing, or opened the mouth, or peeped.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? or shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? as if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it up, or as if the staff should lift up itself, as if it were no wood.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]Therefore shall the Lord, the Lord of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory he shall kindle a burning like the burning of a fire.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]And the light of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame: and it shall burn and devour his thorns and his briers in one day;
[SUP]18 [/SUP]And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body: and they shall be as when a standard-bearer fainteth.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in that day, that the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, shall no more again stay upon him that smote them; but shall stay upon the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, in truth.
[SUP]21 [/SUP]The remnant shall return, even the remnant of Jacob, unto the mighty God.
[SUP]22 [/SUP]For though thy people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant of them shall return: the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness.
[SUP]23 [/SUP]For the Lord God of hosts shall make a consumption, even determined, in the midst of all the land.
[SUP]24 [/SUP]Therefore thus saith the Lord God of hosts, O my people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of the Assyrian: he shall smite thee with a rod, and shall lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt.
[SUP]25 [/SUP]For yet a very little while, and the indignation shall cease, and mine anger in their destruction.
[SUP]26 [/SUP]And the Lord of hosts shall stir up a scourge for him according to the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb: and as his rod was upon the sea, so shall he lift it up after the manner of Egypt.
[SUP]27 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in that day, that his burden shall be taken away from off thy shoulder, and his yoke from off thy neck, and the yoke shall be destroyed because of the anointing.
[SUP]28 [/SUP]He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he hath laid up his carriages:
[SUP]29 [/SUP]They are gone over the passage: they have taken up their lodging at Geba; Ramah is afraid; Gibeah of Saul is fled.
[SUP]30 [/SUP]Lift up thy voice, O daughter of Gallim: cause it to be heard unto Laish, O poor Anathoth.
[SUP]31 [/SUP]Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee.
[SUP]32 [/SUP]As yet shall he remain at Nob that day: he shall shake his hand against the mount of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem.
[SUP]33 [/SUP]Behold, the Lord, the Lord of hosts, shall lop the bough with terror: and the high ones of stature shall be hewn down, and the haughty shall be humbled.
[SUP]34 [/SUP]And he shall cut down the thickets of the forest with iron, and Lebanon shall fall by a mighty one.
Isaiah 11
1 And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots:
[SUP]2 [/SUP]And the spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the Lord;
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the Lord: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears:
[SUP]4 [/SUP]But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth: with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]And righteousness shall be the girdle of his loins, and faithfulness the girdle of his reins.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]And the cow and the bear shall feed; their young ones shall lie down together: and the lion shall eat straw like the ox.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice' den.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]And he shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]But they shall fly upon the shoulders of the Philistines toward the west; they shall spoil them of the east together: they shall lay their hand upon Edom and Moab; and the children of Ammon shall obey them.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]And the Lord shall utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his mighty wind shall he shake his hand over the river, and shall smite it in the seven streams, and make men go over dryshod.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]And there shall be an highway for the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria; like as it was to Israel in the day that he came up out of the land of Egypt.
1 And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots:
[SUP]2 [/SUP]And the spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the Lord;
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the Lord: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears:
[SUP]4 [/SUP]But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth: with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]And righteousness shall be the girdle of his loins, and faithfulness the girdle of his reins.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]And the cow and the bear shall feed; their young ones shall lie down together: and the lion shall eat straw like the ox.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice' den.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]And he shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]But they shall fly upon the shoulders of the Philistines toward the west; they shall spoil them of the east together: they shall lay their hand upon Edom and Moab; and the children of Ammon shall obey them.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]And the Lord shall utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his mighty wind shall he shake his hand over the river, and shall smite it in the seven streams, and make men go over dryshod.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]And there shall be an highway for the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria; like as it was to Israel in the day that he came up out of the land of Egypt.
Isaiah 12
1 And in that day thou shalt say, O Lord, I will praise thee: though thou wast angry with me, thine anger is turned away, and thou comfortedst me.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and not be afraid: for the Lord Jehovah is my strength and my song; he also is become my salvation.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]Therefore with joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of salvation.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]And in that day shall ye say, Praise the Lord, call upon his name, declare his doings among the people, make mention that his name is exalted.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]Sing unto the Lord; for he hath done excellent things: this is known in all the earth.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]Cry out and shout, thou inhabitant of Zion: for great is the Holy One of Israel in the midst of thee.
1 And in that day thou shalt say, O Lord, I will praise thee: though thou wast angry with me, thine anger is turned away, and thou comfortedst me.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and not be afraid: for the Lord Jehovah is my strength and my song; he also is become my salvation.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]Therefore with joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of salvation.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]And in that day shall ye say, Praise the Lord, call upon his name, declare his doings among the people, make mention that his name is exalted.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]Sing unto the Lord; for he hath done excellent things: this is known in all the earth.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]Cry out and shout, thou inhabitant of Zion: for great is the Holy One of Israel in the midst of thee.
Isaiah 13
1 The burden of Babylon, which Isaiah the son of Amoz did see.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]Lift ye up a banner upon the high mountain, exalt the voice unto them, shake the hand, that they may go into the gates of the nobles.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]I have commanded my sanctified ones, I have also called my mighty ones for mine anger, even them that rejoice in my highness.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the Lord of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]They come from a far country, from the end of heaven, even the Lord, and the weapons of his indignation, to destroy the whole land.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]Howl ye; for the day of the Lord is at hand; it shall come as a destruction from the Almighty.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Therefore shall all hands be faint, and every man's heart shall melt:
[SUP]8 [/SUP]And they shall be afraid: pangs and sorrows shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman that travaileth: they shall be amazed one at another; their faces shall be as flames.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Behold, the day of the Lord cometh, cruel both with wrath and fierce anger, to lay the land desolate: and he shall destroy the sinners thereof out of it.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]For the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]And I will punish the world for their evil, and the wicked for their iniquity; and I will cause the arrogancy of the proud to cease, and will lay low the haughtiness of the terrible.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]I will make a man more precious than fine gold; even a man than the golden wedge of Ophir.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]Therefore I will shake the heavens, and the earth shall remove out of her place, in the wrath of the Lord of hosts, and in the day of his fierce anger.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]And it shall be as the chased roe, and as a sheep that no man taketh up: they shall every man turn to his own people, and flee every one into his own land.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]Every one that is found shall be thrust through; and every one that is joined unto them shall fall by the sword.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]Behold, I will stir up the Medes against them, which shall not regard silver; and as for gold, they shall not delight in it.
[SUP]18 [/SUP]Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eyes shall not spare children.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldees' excellency, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.
[SUP]21 [/SUP]But wild beasts of the desert shall lie there; and their houses shall be full of doleful creatures; and owls shall dwell there, and satyrs shall dance there.
[SUP]22 [/SUP]And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
1 The burden of Babylon, which Isaiah the son of Amoz did see.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]Lift ye up a banner upon the high mountain, exalt the voice unto them, shake the hand, that they may go into the gates of the nobles.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]I have commanded my sanctified ones, I have also called my mighty ones for mine anger, even them that rejoice in my highness.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the Lord of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]They come from a far country, from the end of heaven, even the Lord, and the weapons of his indignation, to destroy the whole land.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]Howl ye; for the day of the Lord is at hand; it shall come as a destruction from the Almighty.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Therefore shall all hands be faint, and every man's heart shall melt:
[SUP]8 [/SUP]And they shall be afraid: pangs and sorrows shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman that travaileth: they shall be amazed one at another; their faces shall be as flames.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Behold, the day of the Lord cometh, cruel both with wrath and fierce anger, to lay the land desolate: and he shall destroy the sinners thereof out of it.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]For the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]And I will punish the world for their evil, and the wicked for their iniquity; and I will cause the arrogancy of the proud to cease, and will lay low the haughtiness of the terrible.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]I will make a man more precious than fine gold; even a man than the golden wedge of Ophir.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]Therefore I will shake the heavens, and the earth shall remove out of her place, in the wrath of the Lord of hosts, and in the day of his fierce anger.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]And it shall be as the chased roe, and as a sheep that no man taketh up: they shall every man turn to his own people, and flee every one into his own land.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]Every one that is found shall be thrust through; and every one that is joined unto them shall fall by the sword.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]Behold, I will stir up the Medes against them, which shall not regard silver; and as for gold, they shall not delight in it.
[SUP]18 [/SUP]Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eyes shall not spare children.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldees' excellency, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.
[SUP]21 [/SUP]But wild beasts of the desert shall lie there; and their houses shall be full of doleful creatures; and owls shall dwell there, and satyrs shall dance there.
[SUP]22 [/SUP]And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
Isaiah 14
1 For the Lord will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land: and the strangers shall be joined with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]And the people shall take them, and bring them to their place: and the house of Israel shall possess them in the land of the Lord for servants and handmaids: and they shall take them captives, whose captives they were; and they shall rule over their oppressors.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in the day that the Lord shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve,
[SUP]4 [/SUP]That thou shalt take up this proverb against the king of Babylon, and say, How hath the oppressor ceased! the golden city ceased!
[SUP]5 [/SUP]The Lord hath broken the staff of the wicked, and the sceptre of the rulers.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]He who smote the people in wrath with a continual stroke, he that ruled the nations in anger, is persecuted, and none hindereth.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]The whole earth is at rest, and is quiet: they break forth into singing.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]Yea, the fir trees rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon, saying, Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Hell from beneath is moved for thee to meet thee at thy coming: it stirreth up the dead for thee, even all the chief ones of the earth; it hath raised up from their thrones all the kings of the nations.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]All they shall speak and say unto thee, Art thou also become weak as we? art thou become like unto us?
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Thy pomp is brought down to the grave, and the noise of thy viols: the worm is spread under thee, and the worms cover thee.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations!
[SUP]13 [/SUP]For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north:
[SUP]14 [/SUP]I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the most High.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]Yet thou shalt be brought down to hell, to the sides of the pit.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]They that see thee shall narrowly look upon thee, and consider thee, saying, Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms;
[SUP]17 [/SUP]That made the world as a wilderness, and destroyed the cities thereof; that opened not the house of his prisoners?
[SUP]18 [/SUP]All the kings of the nations, even all of them, lie in glory, every one in his own house.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]But thou art cast out of thy grave like an abominable branch, and as the raiment of those that are slain, thrust through with a sword, that go down to the stones of the pit; as a carcase trodden under feet.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]Thou shalt not be joined with them in burial, because thou hast destroyed thy land, and slain thy people: the seed of evildoers shall never be renowned.
[SUP]21 [/SUP]Prepare slaughter for his children for the iniquity of their fathers; that they do not rise, nor possess the land, nor fill the face of the world with cities.
[SUP]22 [/SUP]For I will rise up against them, saith the Lord of hosts, and cut off from Babylon the name, and remnant, and son, and nephew, saith the Lord.
[SUP]23 [/SUP]I will also make it a possession for the bittern, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the besom of destruction, saith the Lord of hosts.
[SUP]24 [/SUP]The Lord of hosts hath sworn, saying, Surely as I have thought, so shall it come to pass; and as I have purposed, so shall it stand:
[SUP]25 [/SUP]That I will break the Assyrian in my land, and upon my mountains tread him under foot: then shall his yoke depart from off them, and his burden depart from off their shoulders.
[SUP]26 [/SUP]This is the purpose that is purposed upon the whole earth: and this is the hand that is stretched out upon all the nations.
[SUP]27 [/SUP]For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall disannul it? and his hand is stretched out, and who shall turn it back?
[SUP]28 [/SUP]In the year that king Ahaz died was this burden.
[SUP]29 [/SUP]Rejoice not thou, whole Palestina, because the rod of him that smote thee is broken: for out of the serpent's root shall come forth a cockatrice, and his fruit shall be a fiery flying serpent.
[SUP]30 [/SUP]And the firstborn of the poor shall feed, and the needy shall lie down in safety: and I will kill thy root with famine, and he shall slay thy remnant.
[SUP]31 [/SUP]Howl, O gate; cry, O city; thou, whole Palestina, art dissolved: for there shall come from the north a smoke, and none shall be alone in his appointed times.
[SUP]32 [/SUP]What shall one then answer the messengers of the nation? That the Lord hath founded Zion, and the poor of his people shall trust in it.
1 For the Lord will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land: and the strangers shall be joined with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]And the people shall take them, and bring them to their place: and the house of Israel shall possess them in the land of the Lord for servants and handmaids: and they shall take them captives, whose captives they were; and they shall rule over their oppressors.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass in the day that the Lord shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve,
[SUP]4 [/SUP]That thou shalt take up this proverb against the king of Babylon, and say, How hath the oppressor ceased! the golden city ceased!
[SUP]5 [/SUP]The Lord hath broken the staff of the wicked, and the sceptre of the rulers.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]He who smote the people in wrath with a continual stroke, he that ruled the nations in anger, is persecuted, and none hindereth.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]The whole earth is at rest, and is quiet: they break forth into singing.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]Yea, the fir trees rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon, saying, Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Hell from beneath is moved for thee to meet thee at thy coming: it stirreth up the dead for thee, even all the chief ones of the earth; it hath raised up from their thrones all the kings of the nations.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]All they shall speak and say unto thee, Art thou also become weak as we? art thou become like unto us?
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Thy pomp is brought down to the grave, and the noise of thy viols: the worm is spread under thee, and the worms cover thee.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations!
[SUP]13 [/SUP]For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north:
[SUP]14 [/SUP]I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the most High.
[SUP]15 [/SUP]Yet thou shalt be brought down to hell, to the sides of the pit.
[SUP]16 [/SUP]They that see thee shall narrowly look upon thee, and consider thee, saying, Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms;
[SUP]17 [/SUP]That made the world as a wilderness, and destroyed the cities thereof; that opened not the house of his prisoners?
[SUP]18 [/SUP]All the kings of the nations, even all of them, lie in glory, every one in his own house.
[SUP]19 [/SUP]But thou art cast out of thy grave like an abominable branch, and as the raiment of those that are slain, thrust through with a sword, that go down to the stones of the pit; as a carcase trodden under feet.
[SUP]20 [/SUP]Thou shalt not be joined with them in burial, because thou hast destroyed thy land, and slain thy people: the seed of evildoers shall never be renowned.
[SUP]21 [/SUP]Prepare slaughter for his children for the iniquity of their fathers; that they do not rise, nor possess the land, nor fill the face of the world with cities.
[SUP]22 [/SUP]For I will rise up against them, saith the Lord of hosts, and cut off from Babylon the name, and remnant, and son, and nephew, saith the Lord.
[SUP]23 [/SUP]I will also make it a possession for the bittern, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the besom of destruction, saith the Lord of hosts.
[SUP]24 [/SUP]The Lord of hosts hath sworn, saying, Surely as I have thought, so shall it come to pass; and as I have purposed, so shall it stand:
[SUP]25 [/SUP]That I will break the Assyrian in my land, and upon my mountains tread him under foot: then shall his yoke depart from off them, and his burden depart from off their shoulders.
[SUP]26 [/SUP]This is the purpose that is purposed upon the whole earth: and this is the hand that is stretched out upon all the nations.
[SUP]27 [/SUP]For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall disannul it? and his hand is stretched out, and who shall turn it back?
[SUP]28 [/SUP]In the year that king Ahaz died was this burden.
[SUP]29 [/SUP]Rejoice not thou, whole Palestina, because the rod of him that smote thee is broken: for out of the serpent's root shall come forth a cockatrice, and his fruit shall be a fiery flying serpent.
[SUP]30 [/SUP]And the firstborn of the poor shall feed, and the needy shall lie down in safety: and I will kill thy root with famine, and he shall slay thy remnant.
[SUP]31 [/SUP]Howl, O gate; cry, O city; thou, whole Palestina, art dissolved: for there shall come from the north a smoke, and none shall be alone in his appointed times.
[SUP]32 [/SUP]What shall one then answer the messengers of the nation? That the Lord hath founded Zion, and the poor of his people shall trust in it.
Isaiah 15
1 The burden of Moab. Because in the night Ar of Moab is laid waste, and brought to silence; because in the night Kir of Moab is laid waste, and brought to silence;
[SUP]2 [/SUP]He is gone up to Bajith, and to Dibon, the high places, to weep: Moab shall howl over Nebo, and over Medeba: on all their heads shall be baldness, and every beard cut off.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]In their streets they shall gird themselves with sackcloth: on the tops of their houses, and in their streets, every one shall howl, weeping abundantly.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]And Heshbon shall cry, and Elealeh: their voice shall be heard even unto Jahaz: therefore the armed soldiers of Moab shall cry out; his life shall be grievous unto him.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]My heart shall cry out for Moab; his fugitives shall flee unto Zoar, an heifer of three years old: for by the mounting up of Luhith with weeping shall they go it up; for in the way of Horonaim they shall raise up a cry of destruction.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the hay is withered away, the grass faileth, there is no green thing.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Therefore the abundance they have gotten, and that which they have laid up, shall they carry away to the brook of the willows.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]For the cry is gone round about the borders of Moab; the howling thereof unto Eglaim, and the howling thereof unto Beerelim.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]For the waters of Dimon shall be full of blood: for I will bring more upon Dimon, lions upon him that escapeth of Moab, and upon the remnant of the land.
1 The burden of Moab. Because in the night Ar of Moab is laid waste, and brought to silence; because in the night Kir of Moab is laid waste, and brought to silence;
[SUP]2 [/SUP]He is gone up to Bajith, and to Dibon, the high places, to weep: Moab shall howl over Nebo, and over Medeba: on all their heads shall be baldness, and every beard cut off.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]In their streets they shall gird themselves with sackcloth: on the tops of their houses, and in their streets, every one shall howl, weeping abundantly.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]And Heshbon shall cry, and Elealeh: their voice shall be heard even unto Jahaz: therefore the armed soldiers of Moab shall cry out; his life shall be grievous unto him.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]My heart shall cry out for Moab; his fugitives shall flee unto Zoar, an heifer of three years old: for by the mounting up of Luhith with weeping shall they go it up; for in the way of Horonaim they shall raise up a cry of destruction.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the hay is withered away, the grass faileth, there is no green thing.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Therefore the abundance they have gotten, and that which they have laid up, shall they carry away to the brook of the willows.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]For the cry is gone round about the borders of Moab; the howling thereof unto Eglaim, and the howling thereof unto Beerelim.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]For the waters of Dimon shall be full of blood: for I will bring more upon Dimon, lions upon him that escapeth of Moab, and upon the remnant of the land.
Isaiah 16
1 Send ye the lamb to the ruler of the land from Sela to the wilderness, unto the mount of the daughter of Zion.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]For it shall be, that, as a wandering bird cast out of the nest, so the daughters of Moab shall be at the fords of Arnon.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]Take counsel, execute judgment; make thy shadow as the night in the midst of the noonday; hide the outcasts; bewray not him that wandereth.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]Let mine outcasts dwell with thee, Moab; be thou a covert to them from the face of the spoiler: for the extortioner is at an end, the spoiler ceaseth, the oppressors are consumed out of the land.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]And in mercy shall the throne be established: and he shall sit upon it in truth in the tabernacle of David, judging, and seeking judgment, and hasting righteousness.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]We have heard of the pride of Moab; he is very proud: even of his haughtiness, and his pride, and his wrath: but his lies shall not be so.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Therefore shall Moab howl for Moab, every one shall howl: for the foundations of Kirhareseth shall ye mourn; surely they are stricken.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]For the fields of Heshbon languish, and the vine of Sibmah: the lords of the heathen have broken down the principal plants thereof, they are come even unto Jazer, they wandered through the wilderness: her branches are stretched out, they are gone over the sea.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Therefore I will bewail with the weeping of Jazer the vine of Sibmah: I will water thee with my tears, O Heshbon, and Elealeh: for the shouting for thy summer fruits and for thy harvest is fallen.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]And gladness is taken away, and joy out of the plentiful field; and in the vineyards there shall be no singing, neither shall there be shouting: the treaders shall tread out no wine in their presses; I have made their vintage shouting to cease.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Wherefore my bowels shall sound like an harp for Moab, and mine inward parts for Kirharesh.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass, when it is seen that Moab is weary on the high place, that he shall come to his sanctuary to pray; but he shall not prevail.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]This is the word that the Lord hath spoken concerning Moab since that time.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]But now the Lord hath spoken, saying, Within three years, as the years of an hireling, and the glory of Moab shall be contemned, with all that great multitude; and the remnant shall be very small and feeble.
1 Send ye the lamb to the ruler of the land from Sela to the wilderness, unto the mount of the daughter of Zion.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]For it shall be, that, as a wandering bird cast out of the nest, so the daughters of Moab shall be at the fords of Arnon.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]Take counsel, execute judgment; make thy shadow as the night in the midst of the noonday; hide the outcasts; bewray not him that wandereth.
[SUP]4 [/SUP]Let mine outcasts dwell with thee, Moab; be thou a covert to them from the face of the spoiler: for the extortioner is at an end, the spoiler ceaseth, the oppressors are consumed out of the land.
[SUP]5 [/SUP]And in mercy shall the throne be established: and he shall sit upon it in truth in the tabernacle of David, judging, and seeking judgment, and hasting righteousness.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]We have heard of the pride of Moab; he is very proud: even of his haughtiness, and his pride, and his wrath: but his lies shall not be so.
[SUP]7 [/SUP]Therefore shall Moab howl for Moab, every one shall howl: for the foundations of Kirhareseth shall ye mourn; surely they are stricken.
[SUP]8 [/SUP]For the fields of Heshbon languish, and the vine of Sibmah: the lords of the heathen have broken down the principal plants thereof, they are come even unto Jazer, they wandered through the wilderness: her branches are stretched out, they are gone over the sea.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]Therefore I will bewail with the weeping of Jazer the vine of Sibmah: I will water thee with my tears, O Heshbon, and Elealeh: for the shouting for thy summer fruits and for thy harvest is fallen.
[SUP]10 [/SUP]And gladness is taken away, and joy out of the plentiful field; and in the vineyards there shall be no singing, neither shall there be shouting: the treaders shall tread out no wine in their presses; I have made their vintage shouting to cease.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Wherefore my bowels shall sound like an harp for Moab, and mine inward parts for Kirharesh.
[SUP]12 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass, when it is seen that Moab is weary on the high place, that he shall come to his sanctuary to pray; but he shall not prevail.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]This is the word that the Lord hath spoken concerning Moab since that time.
[SUP]14 [/SUP]But now the Lord hath spoken, saying, Within three years, as the years of an hireling, and the glory of Moab shall be contemned, with all that great multitude; and the remnant shall be very small and feeble.
[SUP]17 [/SUP]Therefore the Lord will smite with a scab the crown of the head of the daughters of Zion, and the Lord will discover their secret parts.
discover is the sixteenth century English for uncover. They are to be stripped naked.
(See Is 20:4)
It was the practice of the Babylonians and Assyrians to strip their captives naked and make them travel through the desert heat thus exposed.[SUP]18 [/SUP]In that day the Lord will take away the bravery of their tinkling ornaments about their feet, and their cauls, and their round tires like the moon,[And their cauls] Margin, 'net-works.' The Septuagint is the same. It is commonly supposed to mean "caps of net-work" worn on the head. According to others, the word refers to small "suns" or "spangles" worn on the hair, answering to the following word "moons." 'The caul is a strap, or girdle, about four inches long, which is placed on the top of the head, and which extends to the brow, in a line with the nose. The one I have examined is made of gold, and has many joints; it contains forty-five rubies, and nine pearls, which give it a net-work appearance.' - "Roberts."
[Their round tires like the moon] Hebrew "moons." This refers to small ornaments in the shape of crescents, or half-moons, commonly worn on the neck. They were also sometimes worn by men, and even by camels; Judg 8:21. (margin),26. It is probable that these ornaments might originally have had some reference to the moon as an object of worship, but it does not appear that they were so worn by the females of Judea-They are still worn by the females of Arabia. - "Rosenmuller." Roberts says of such ornaments in India, 'The crescent is worn by Parvati and Siva, from whom proceed the LINGAM, and the principal impurities of the system. No dancing girl is in full dress without her round tires like the moon.' This ornament is still found under the name of "chumarah." 'The chumarah, which signifies moon, is a splendid ornament worn by the women of western Asia in front of their head-dresses. It is usually made of gold, set with precious stones and pearls. They are sometimes made of the crescent form, but the most common are such as the engraving represents. They often have Arabic characters inscribed upon them, and sometimes a sentence from the Koran is used by the Mahometan women of Arabia Felix.' (from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
20 The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and the headbands, and the tablets, and the earrings,
20 The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and the headbands, and the fragrance boxes, and the earrings,
fragrance boxes וּבָתּ֥י הַנֶּפֶ֖שׁ literally breath houses.
discover is the sixteenth century English for uncover. They are to be stripped naked.
(See Is 20:4)
It was the practice of the Babylonians and Assyrians to strip their captives naked and make them travel through the desert heat thus exposed.[SUP]18 [/SUP]In that day the Lord will take away the bravery of their tinkling ornaments about their feet, and their cauls, and their round tires like the moon,[And their cauls] Margin, 'net-works.' The Septuagint is the same. It is commonly supposed to mean "caps of net-work" worn on the head. According to others, the word refers to small "suns" or "spangles" worn on the hair, answering to the following word "moons." 'The caul is a strap, or girdle, about four inches long, which is placed on the top of the head, and which extends to the brow, in a line with the nose. The one I have examined is made of gold, and has many joints; it contains forty-five rubies, and nine pearls, which give it a net-work appearance.' - "Roberts."
[Their round tires like the moon] Hebrew "moons." This refers to small ornaments in the shape of crescents, or half-moons, commonly worn on the neck. They were also sometimes worn by men, and even by camels; Judg 8:21. (margin),26. It is probable that these ornaments might originally have had some reference to the moon as an object of worship, but it does not appear that they were so worn by the females of Judea-They are still worn by the females of Arabia. - "Rosenmuller." Roberts says of such ornaments in India, 'The crescent is worn by Parvati and Siva, from whom proceed the LINGAM, and the principal impurities of the system. No dancing girl is in full dress without her round tires like the moon.' This ornament is still found under the name of "chumarah." 'The chumarah, which signifies moon, is a splendid ornament worn by the women of western Asia in front of their head-dresses. It is usually made of gold, set with precious stones and pearls. They are sometimes made of the crescent form, but the most common are such as the engraving represents. They often have Arabic characters inscribed upon them, and sometimes a sentence from the Koran is used by the Mahometan women of Arabia Felix.' (from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
20 The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and the headbands, and the tablets, and the earrings,
20 The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and the headbands, and the fragrance boxes, and the earrings,
fragrance boxes וּבָתּ֥י הַנֶּפֶ֖שׁ literally breath houses.
22 The changeable suits of apparel, and the mantles, and the wimples, and the crisping pins,
22 The changeable suits of apparel, and the loose outer robes, and the sleeping robes, and the pursess (or money bags),
[SUP]23 [/SUP]The glasses, and the fine linen, and the hoods, and the vails.
glasses hand-held mirrors.
[SUP]24 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass, that instead of sweet smell there shall be stink; and instead of a girdle a rent; and instead of well set hair baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girding of sackcloth; and burning instead of beauty.
girdle belt
rent cord
stomacher similar to the cummerbund men wear with a tuxedo.
22 The changeable suits of apparel, and the loose outer robes, and the sleeping robes, and the pursess (or money bags),
[SUP]23 [/SUP]The glasses, and the fine linen, and the hoods, and the vails.
glasses hand-held mirrors.
[SUP]24 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass, that instead of sweet smell there shall be stink; and instead of a girdle a rent; and instead of well set hair baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girding of sackcloth; and burning instead of beauty.
girdle belt
rent cord
stomacher similar to the cummerbund men wear with a tuxedo.
1 And in that day seven women shall take hold of one man, saying, We will eat our own bread, and wear our own apparel: only let us be called by thy name, to take away our reproach.
take hold of beseech
So many men would be killed that the women would vastly outnumber the men.
We will eat our own bread, and wear our own apparel (See Ex 21:10)
to take away our reproach. Because of Ge 1:28, and Ge 3:15 the Jewish people considered it a reproach for a woman to be unmarried or childless.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]In that day shall the branch of the Lord be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the earth shall be excellent and comely for them that are escaped of Israel.
Among Jewish scholars, several scriptural references to the word ‘Branch’ are considered Messianic: Job 14:7, Is 4:2, Is 11:1, Jer 23:5, Jer 33:15, Zc 3:8,
Zc 6:12-13.
The sense here is that the remnant of Israel will consider their deliverance from Babylon to be Messianic (and in a limited sense it was: See Is 45:1-2); and will be thankful for God’s provision.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass, that he that is left in Zion, and he that remaineth in Jerusalem, shall be called holy, even every one that is written among the living in Jerusalem:
[He that is left in Zion] This "properly" refers to the remnant that should remain after the mass of the people should be cut off by wars, or be borne into captivity. If it refer to the few that would come back from Babylon, it means that they would be reformed, and would be a generation different from their fathers-which was undoubtedly true. If it refer, as the connection seems to indicate, to the times of the Messiah, then it speaks of those who are 'left,' while the great mass of the nation would be unbelievers, and would be destroyed. The mass of the nation would be cut off, and the remnant that was left would be holy; that is, all true friends of the Messiah would be holy.
[Shall be called holy] That is, shall "be" holy. The expression 'to be called,' is often used in the Scriptures as synonymous with 'to be.'
[Every one that is written among the living] The Jews were accustomed to register the names of all the people. Those names were written in a catalogue, or register, of each tribe or family. To be written in that book, or register, meant to be alive, for when a death occurred, the name was stricken out; Ex 32:32; Dan 12:12; Ezek 13:9. The expression came also to denote all who were truly the friends of God; they whose names are written in "his" book-the book of life. In this sense it is used in the New Testament; Phil 4:3; Rev 3:5; 17:5. In this sense it is understood in this place by the Chaldee Par.: 'Every one shall be called holy who is written to eternal life; he shall see the consolation of Jerusalem.' If the reference here is to the Messiah, then the passage denotes that under the reign of the Messiah, all who should be found enrolled as his followers, would be holy. An effectual separation would subsist between them and the mass of the people. They would be "enrolled" as his friends, and they would be a separate, holy community; compare 1Pe 2:9. (from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
[SUP]4 [/SUP]When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from the midst thereof by the spirit of judgment, and by the spirit of burning.
When the Lord shall have washed away the filth Filth is a figure of sin.
(See: Is 1:25-27, Zc 13:1, 1Jn 1:7 ).
by the spirit of judgment The Babylonian conquest and captivity is referred to here.
by the spirit of burning refers both to the destruction by the Babylonians; and to the sunburn they got walking naked through the desert.
5 And the LORD will create upon every dwelling place of mount Zion, and upon her assemblies, a cloud and smoke by day, and the shining of a flaming fire by night: for upon all the glory shall be a defence.
5 And the LORD hath created upon every dwelling place of mount Zion, and upon her assemblies, a cloud and smoke by day, and the shining of a flaming fire by night: for upon all the glory shall be a defence.
and hath created וּבָרָ֣א This is the participle; NOT the imperfect. This is an example of a Hebrew grammatical construction called the historical future which speaks of a future event as already accomplished, to show the certainty of its happening.
a cloud and smoke by day, and the shining of a flaming fire by night: this is an emblem of God’s presence, provision, and protection. (See Ex 13:21-22. )
Since there is no historical record of this having literally happened yet, it likely refers to the millennial reign of Jesus (Yeshua). There is, however, ample historical record of God’s provision and protection on Israel after their return from captivity.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]And there shall be a tabernacle for a shadow in the day time from the heat, and for a place of refuge, and for a covert from storm and from rain.
The tabernacle in the wilderness was never a place people casually entered for their own comfort. On a spiritual level this may refer to Jesus (Yeshua). who tabernacled among us (Jn 1:14 ); and in whom we do find refuge. This may simply refer to the practice of erecting a canopy in the fields during planting and harvest for just the purpose described.
take hold of beseech
So many men would be killed that the women would vastly outnumber the men.
We will eat our own bread, and wear our own apparel (See Ex 21:10)
to take away our reproach. Because of Ge 1:28, and Ge 3:15 the Jewish people considered it a reproach for a woman to be unmarried or childless.
[SUP]2 [/SUP]In that day shall the branch of the Lord be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the earth shall be excellent and comely for them that are escaped of Israel.
Among Jewish scholars, several scriptural references to the word ‘Branch’ are considered Messianic: Job 14:7, Is 4:2, Is 11:1, Jer 23:5, Jer 33:15, Zc 3:8,
Zc 6:12-13.
The sense here is that the remnant of Israel will consider their deliverance from Babylon to be Messianic (and in a limited sense it was: See Is 45:1-2); and will be thankful for God’s provision.
[SUP]3 [/SUP]And it shall come to pass, that he that is left in Zion, and he that remaineth in Jerusalem, shall be called holy, even every one that is written among the living in Jerusalem:
[He that is left in Zion] This "properly" refers to the remnant that should remain after the mass of the people should be cut off by wars, or be borne into captivity. If it refer to the few that would come back from Babylon, it means that they would be reformed, and would be a generation different from their fathers-which was undoubtedly true. If it refer, as the connection seems to indicate, to the times of the Messiah, then it speaks of those who are 'left,' while the great mass of the nation would be unbelievers, and would be destroyed. The mass of the nation would be cut off, and the remnant that was left would be holy; that is, all true friends of the Messiah would be holy.
[Shall be called holy] That is, shall "be" holy. The expression 'to be called,' is often used in the Scriptures as synonymous with 'to be.'
[Every one that is written among the living] The Jews were accustomed to register the names of all the people. Those names were written in a catalogue, or register, of each tribe or family. To be written in that book, or register, meant to be alive, for when a death occurred, the name was stricken out; Ex 32:32; Dan 12:12; Ezek 13:9. The expression came also to denote all who were truly the friends of God; they whose names are written in "his" book-the book of life. In this sense it is used in the New Testament; Phil 4:3; Rev 3:5; 17:5. In this sense it is understood in this place by the Chaldee Par.: 'Every one shall be called holy who is written to eternal life; he shall see the consolation of Jerusalem.' If the reference here is to the Messiah, then the passage denotes that under the reign of the Messiah, all who should be found enrolled as his followers, would be holy. An effectual separation would subsist between them and the mass of the people. They would be "enrolled" as his friends, and they would be a separate, holy community; compare 1Pe 2:9. (from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
[SUP]4 [/SUP]When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from the midst thereof by the spirit of judgment, and by the spirit of burning.
When the Lord shall have washed away the filth Filth is a figure of sin.
(See: Is 1:25-27, Zc 13:1, 1Jn 1:7 ).
by the spirit of judgment The Babylonian conquest and captivity is referred to here.
by the spirit of burning refers both to the destruction by the Babylonians; and to the sunburn they got walking naked through the desert.
5 And the LORD will create upon every dwelling place of mount Zion, and upon her assemblies, a cloud and smoke by day, and the shining of a flaming fire by night: for upon all the glory shall be a defence.
5 And the LORD hath created upon every dwelling place of mount Zion, and upon her assemblies, a cloud and smoke by day, and the shining of a flaming fire by night: for upon all the glory shall be a defence.
and hath created וּבָרָ֣א This is the participle; NOT the imperfect. This is an example of a Hebrew grammatical construction called the historical future which speaks of a future event as already accomplished, to show the certainty of its happening.
a cloud and smoke by day, and the shining of a flaming fire by night: this is an emblem of God’s presence, provision, and protection. (See Ex 13:21-22. )
Since there is no historical record of this having literally happened yet, it likely refers to the millennial reign of Jesus (Yeshua). There is, however, ample historical record of God’s provision and protection on Israel after their return from captivity.
[SUP]6 [/SUP]And there shall be a tabernacle for a shadow in the day time from the heat, and for a place of refuge, and for a covert from storm and from rain.
The tabernacle in the wilderness was never a place people casually entered for their own comfort. On a spiritual level this may refer to Jesus (Yeshua). who tabernacled among us (Jn 1:14 ); and in whom we do find refuge. This may simply refer to the practice of erecting a canopy in the fields during planting and harvest for just the purpose described.
1 Now will I sing to my wellbeloved a song of my beloved touching his vineyard. My wellbeloved hath a vineyard in a very fruitful hill:
my wellbeloved (See Song 1:13-14 ) In Song of Songs, my wellbeloved is a figure of Jesus (Yeshua); and the Church is the bride; but, Jewish scholars view it as the relationship God desires with Israel. Here, my wellbeloved is God, and the vineyard is Judah.
my wellbeloved (See Song 1:13-14 ) In Song of Songs, my wellbeloved is a figure of Jesus (Yeshua); and the Church is the bride; but, Jewish scholars view it as the relationship God desires with Israel. Here, my wellbeloved is God, and the vineyard is Judah.
[SUP]13 [/SUP]Therefore my people are gone into captivity, because they have no knowledge: and their honourable men are famished, and their multitude dried up with thirst.
are gone another example of the historical future (See note at Is 4:5 )
[SUP]14 [/SUP]Therefore hell hath enlarged herself, and opened her mouth without measure: and their glory, and their multitude, and their pomp, and he that rejoiceth, shall descend into it.
hell שְׁאוֺל The resting place of the dead (not necessarily a place of torment); but here. and when associated with judgement, it has the same force as our concept of hell.
Verses 4-15 Here again Isaiah issues a declamation of pending judgement against Judah.
[SUP]26 [/SUP]And he will lift up an ensign to the nations from far, and will hiss unto them from the end of the earth: and, behold, they shall come with speed swiftly:
[And will hiss unto them] This means that he would "collect" them together to accomplish his purposes. The expression is probably taken from the manner in which bees were hived. Theodoret and Cyril, on this place, say, that in Syria and Palestine, they who kept bees were able to draw them out of their hives, and conduct them into fields, and bring them back again, with the sound of a flute or the noise of hissing. It is certain also that the ancients had this idea respecting bees. Pliny (lib. xi. ch. 20) says: Gaudent plausu, atque tinnitu aeris, coque convocantur. 'They rejoice in a sound, and in the tinkling of brass, and are thus called together.' AElian (lib. v. ch. 13) says, that when they are disposed to fly away, their keepers make a musical and harmonious sound, and that they are thus brought back as by a siren, and restored to their hives. So Virgin says, when speaking of bees:
Tinnitusque cie, et Matris quate cymbala circum.
(Georg. iv. 64.)
`On brazen vessels beat a tinkling sound,
And shake the cymbals of the goddess round;
Then all will hastily retreat, and fill
The warm resounding hollow of their cell.'
(Addison)
So Ovid:
Jamque erat ad Rhodopen Pangaeaque flumina ventum,
Aeriferae comitum cum crepuere manus.
Ecce! novae coeunt volucres tinnitibus actae
Quosque movent sonitus aera sequuntur apes.
(Fastor, lib. iii., 739.)
See also Columella, lib. x. ch. 7; Lucan, lib. ix. ver. 288; and Claudian, "Panegyric. in sextum consul. Honorii," ver. 259; compare Bochart, "Hieroz." P. ii. lib. iv. ch. x. pp. 506,507.
The prophets refer to that fact in several places, Isa 8:18; Zec 10:8. The simple meaning is, that God, at his pleasure; would collect the nations around Judea like bees, that is, in great numbers.
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
Verses 18-30 Isaiah continues his declamation of pending judgement.
[And will hiss unto them] This means that he would "collect" them together to accomplish his purposes. The expression is probably taken from the manner in which bees were hived. Theodoret and Cyril, on this place, say, that in Syria and Palestine, they who kept bees were able to draw them out of their hives, and conduct them into fields, and bring them back again, with the sound of a flute or the noise of hissing. It is certain also that the ancients had this idea respecting bees. Pliny (lib. xi. ch. 20) says: Gaudent plausu, atque tinnitu aeris, coque convocantur. 'They rejoice in a sound, and in the tinkling of brass, and are thus called together.' AElian (lib. v. ch. 13) says, that when they are disposed to fly away, their keepers make a musical and harmonious sound, and that they are thus brought back as by a siren, and restored to their hives. So Virgin says, when speaking of bees:
Tinnitusque cie, et Matris quate cymbala circum.
(Georg. iv. 64.)
`On brazen vessels beat a tinkling sound,
And shake the cymbals of the goddess round;
Then all will hastily retreat, and fill
The warm resounding hollow of their cell.'
(Addison)
So Ovid:
Jamque erat ad Rhodopen Pangaeaque flumina ventum,
Aeriferae comitum cum crepuere manus.
Ecce! novae coeunt volucres tinnitibus actae
Quosque movent sonitus aera sequuntur apes.
(Fastor, lib. iii., 739.)
See also Columella, lib. x. ch. 7; Lucan, lib. ix. ver. 288; and Claudian, "Panegyric. in sextum consul. Honorii," ver. 259; compare Bochart, "Hieroz." P. ii. lib. iv. ch. x. pp. 506,507.
The prophets refer to that fact in several places, Isa 8:18; Zec 10:8. The simple meaning is, that God, at his pleasure; would collect the nations around Judea like bees, that is, in great numbers.
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
Verses 18-30 Isaiah continues his declamation of pending judgement.
1 In the year that king Uzziah died I saw also the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train filled the temple.
In the year that king Uzziah died B.C. 756.
I saw also the Lord sitting upon a throne No man has seen the father at any time (See: Jn 6:46, 1Jn 4:12 ); so this must be a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus (Yeshua).
{Return to: Is 3:1, Is 40:1 }
2 Above it stood the seraphims: each one had six wings; with twain he covered his face, and with twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly.
2 Above it stood the seraphim: each one had six wings; with twain he covered his face, and with twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly.
seraphim Hebrew words ending in ‘im’ are already plural. This is the grammatical equivalent of putting an ‘s’ on children to make it plural. {Return to: verse 6 }
3 And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory.
3 And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of Hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory.
LORD of Hosts This is a title of God!
[SUP]5 [/SUP]Then said I, Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts.
[A man of unclean lips] This expression evidently denotes that he was a "sinner," and especially that he was unworthy either to join in the praise of a God so holy, or to deliver a message in his name. The vision; the profound worship of the seraphim; and the attendant majesty and glory, had deeply impressed him with a sense of the holiness of God, and of his own unfitness either to join in worship so holy, or to deliver the message of so pure a God. A similar effect is recorded in reference to Abraham; Gen 18:27; see also Ex 4:10,12; Je 1:6. A deep consciousness of guilt, in view of the holiness and majesty of God, is also described by Job:
I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear
But now mine eye seeth thee.
Wherefore I abhor myself,
And repent in dust and ashes.
(Job 42:5-6.)
An effect also remarkably similar is described in reference to the apostle Peter,
Luke 5:8: "When Simon Peter saw it (the miracle which Jesus (Yeshua) had performed), he fell down at Jesus knees, saying, 'Depart from me, for I am a sinful man, O Lord.'"
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
[SUP]7 [/SUP]And he laid it upon my mouth, and said, Lo, this hath touched thy lips; and thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin purged.
[And he laid it upon my mouth] Margin, 'And he caused it to touch my mouth.' This is the more correct rendering. It was a slight, momentary touch, sufficient merely to be a "sign or token" that he was cleansed.
[Thine iniquity is taken away] That is, whatever obstacle there existed to your communicating the message of God to this people, arising from your own consciousness of unworthiness, is taken away. You are commissioned to bear that message, and your own consciousness of guilt should not be a hinderance. To understand this, it should be remembered that "fire," among the orientals, has been always regarded as an emblem of "purifying." Thus the Sabeans, the followers or Zoroaster in Persia, worshipped "fire," as the emblem of a pure divinity; see Mal 3:2-3; compare Matt 3:2. Every minister of the gospel, though conscious of personal unworthiness and unfitness, should yet go freely and cheerfully to his work, if he has evidence that he is called and commissioned by God. "Is purged." Is purified, is removed - t-kupaar from kaapar, "to cover, to overlay;" then to make an atonement for, to expiate, to cover sin, to pardon it, to affect or to procure forgiveness; and then to purify in general, to make whole; compare the note at Isa 43:3. This does not mean, that the fire from the altar had any physical effect to purify him from sin, but that it was "emblematic" of such a purifying; and probably, also, the fact that it was taken from the altar of sacrifice, was to him an indication that he was pardoned through the "atonement," or expiation there made. The Jews expected pardon in no other mode than by sacrifice; and the offering on their altar pointed to the great sacrifice which was to be made on the cross for the sins of human beings. There is here a beautiful "union" of the truths respecting sacrifice. The great doctrine is presented that it is only by sacrifice that sin can be pardoned; and the Messiah, the sacrifice himself, is exhibited as issuing the commission to Isaiah to go and declare his message to people.
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
[SUP]8 [/SUP]Also I heard the voice of the Lord, saying, Whom shall I send, and who will go for us? Then said I, Here am I; send me.
Jesus’ ( Yeshua’s) atoning death on the cross serves as our burning coal. Our sin is purged; and, we are prepared for service. When faced with the opportunity to serve; we should, like Isaiah, say ‘Here am I; send me’.
Isaiah answers the call not out of compulsion but out of freedom. His eager response rushes from heart and lips clensed of human impurity.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]And he said, Go, and tell this people, Hear ye indeed, but understand not; and see ye indeed, but perceive not.
Hear ye indeed, but understand not - Hebrew, In hearing, hear; i.e., Though ye hear the prophet's warnings again and again, ye are doomed, because of your perverse will (John 7:17), not to understand. Light enough is given in Revelation to guide those sincerely seeking to know, in order that they may do, God's will; darkness enough is left to confound the willfully blind (Isa 43:8). So in Jesus’ ( Yeshua’s) use of parables
(Matt 13:14).
See ye indeed - Hebrew, see in seeing; 'though ye see again and again' yet, etc.
(from Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary in Public Domain via E-Sword)
[SUP]10 [/SUP]Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.
Make the heart of this people fat {See note at: Ex 4:21, Is 8:16 }
make their ears heavy; and shut their eyes {See note at Ex 4:21 }
lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed. This is exactly the result God desires. Perhaps God is thinking that if they will not come to that result in obedience; he will try to redirect their rebellion.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until the cities be wasted without inhabitant, and the houses without man, and the land be utterly desolate,
[How long] The prophet did not dare to pray that this effect should not follow. He asked merely therefore "how long" this state of things must continue; how long this message was to be delivered, and how long it should be attended with these painful effects.
[Until the cities ...] They will remain perverse and obstinate until the land is completely destroyed by divine judgments. Still the truth is to be proclaimed, though it is known it will have no effect in reforming the nation. This refers, doubtless, to the destruction that was accomplished by the Babylonians.
[The houses without man] This is strong language, denoting the certain and widespread desolation that should come upon the nation.
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
How long shall this spiritual blindness and unwillingness to repent endure? The question is wrung from the prophet by his compassion for the people. The answer is given in verses 11-13. The perseverance of unbelief will continue until national disasters have swept away the idolatrous majority and enabled the Remnant, the indestructible spiritual Israel to flourish and blossom under God’s care.
(from Rabbi J. H. Hertz commentary on Isa 6:11 Pentateuch and Haftorahs (page 303) Soncino Press London 1937)
12 And the LORD have removed men far away, and there be a great forsaking in the midst of the land.
12 And the LORD have removed men far away, and there be many forsaken [places] (or much forsaken) in the midst of the land.
many forsaken וְרַבָּה הָעַזוּבָ֖הo( וְרַבָּה ) many (הָעַזוּבָ֖ה) passive participle being used as an adjective [places] English demands that the modified noun be stated; but Hebrew lets it be understood unstated.
13 But yet in it shall be a tenth, and it shall return, and shall be eaten: as a teil tree, and as an oak, whose substance is in them, when they cast their leaves: so the holy seed shall be the substance thereof.
13 But though (or if) in it [ ] a tenth, remains, again it shall be consumed: as a terebinth, or as an oak, whose substance is in them, when they cast their leaves: so the holy seed shall be the substance thereof.
Though a tenth remains When the ten tribes of Israel are taken captive, Judah will remain. The tribes of Benjamin and Judah and part of the tribes of Reuben and Levi, which made up the kingdom of Judah were about a tenth of the total population of Israel and Judah combined. Israel (Northern Kingdom) was deported in c. B.C. 722; while Judah (Southern Kingdom) remained until c. B.C. 597; though the 70 years of captivity are dated from 606 B.C., when Nebucadnezzar conquered Pharaoh Necho, and took Jehoiakim and his retinue captive.
again it shall be consumed Judah would be taken captive by Nebucadnezzar.
As a tree casts its leaves in autumn and revives in spring; so a remnant of Israel and Judah would revitalize Israel. Fulfilled in 1950-1957 A.D.
[And he laid it upon my mouth] Margin, 'And he caused it to touch my mouth.' This is the more correct rendering. It was a slight, momentary touch, sufficient merely to be a "sign or token" that he was cleansed.
[Thine iniquity is taken away] That is, whatever obstacle there existed to your communicating the message of God to this people, arising from your own consciousness of unworthiness, is taken away. You are commissioned to bear that message, and your own consciousness of guilt should not be a hinderance. To understand this, it should be remembered that "fire," among the orientals, has been always regarded as an emblem of "purifying." Thus the Sabeans, the followers or Zoroaster in Persia, worshipped "fire," as the emblem of a pure divinity; see Mal 3:2-3; compare Matt 3:2. Every minister of the gospel, though conscious of personal unworthiness and unfitness, should yet go freely and cheerfully to his work, if he has evidence that he is called and commissioned by God. "Is purged." Is purified, is removed - t-kupaar from kaapar, "to cover, to overlay;" then to make an atonement for, to expiate, to cover sin, to pardon it, to affect or to procure forgiveness; and then to purify in general, to make whole; compare the note at Isa 43:3. This does not mean, that the fire from the altar had any physical effect to purify him from sin, but that it was "emblematic" of such a purifying; and probably, also, the fact that it was taken from the altar of sacrifice, was to him an indication that he was pardoned through the "atonement," or expiation there made. The Jews expected pardon in no other mode than by sacrifice; and the offering on their altar pointed to the great sacrifice which was to be made on the cross for the sins of human beings. There is here a beautiful "union" of the truths respecting sacrifice. The great doctrine is presented that it is only by sacrifice that sin can be pardoned; and the Messiah, the sacrifice himself, is exhibited as issuing the commission to Isaiah to go and declare his message to people.
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
[SUP]8 [/SUP]Also I heard the voice of the Lord, saying, Whom shall I send, and who will go for us? Then said I, Here am I; send me.
Jesus’ ( Yeshua’s) atoning death on the cross serves as our burning coal. Our sin is purged; and, we are prepared for service. When faced with the opportunity to serve; we should, like Isaiah, say ‘Here am I; send me’.
Isaiah answers the call not out of compulsion but out of freedom. His eager response rushes from heart and lips clensed of human impurity.
[SUP]9 [/SUP]And he said, Go, and tell this people, Hear ye indeed, but understand not; and see ye indeed, but perceive not.
Hear ye indeed, but understand not - Hebrew, In hearing, hear; i.e., Though ye hear the prophet's warnings again and again, ye are doomed, because of your perverse will (John 7:17), not to understand. Light enough is given in Revelation to guide those sincerely seeking to know, in order that they may do, God's will; darkness enough is left to confound the willfully blind (Isa 43:8). So in Jesus’ ( Yeshua’s) use of parables
(Matt 13:14).
See ye indeed - Hebrew, see in seeing; 'though ye see again and again' yet, etc.
(from Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary in Public Domain via E-Sword)
[SUP]10 [/SUP]Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.
Make the heart of this people fat {See note at: Ex 4:21, Is 8:16 }
make their ears heavy; and shut their eyes {See note at Ex 4:21 }
lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed. This is exactly the result God desires. Perhaps God is thinking that if they will not come to that result in obedience; he will try to redirect their rebellion.
[SUP]11 [/SUP]Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until the cities be wasted without inhabitant, and the houses without man, and the land be utterly desolate,
[How long] The prophet did not dare to pray that this effect should not follow. He asked merely therefore "how long" this state of things must continue; how long this message was to be delivered, and how long it should be attended with these painful effects.
[Until the cities ...] They will remain perverse and obstinate until the land is completely destroyed by divine judgments. Still the truth is to be proclaimed, though it is known it will have no effect in reforming the nation. This refers, doubtless, to the destruction that was accomplished by the Babylonians.
[The houses without man] This is strong language, denoting the certain and widespread desolation that should come upon the nation.
(from Barnes' Notes, in Public Domain via E-Sword.)
How long shall this spiritual blindness and unwillingness to repent endure? The question is wrung from the prophet by his compassion for the people. The answer is given in verses 11-13. The perseverance of unbelief will continue until national disasters have swept away the idolatrous majority and enabled the Remnant, the indestructible spiritual Israel to flourish and blossom under God’s care.
(from Rabbi J. H. Hertz commentary on Isa 6:11 Pentateuch and Haftorahs (page 303) Soncino Press London 1937)
12 And the LORD have removed men far away, and there be a great forsaking in the midst of the land.
12 And the LORD have removed men far away, and there be many forsaken [places] (or much forsaken) in the midst of the land.
many forsaken וְרַבָּה הָעַזוּבָ֖הo( וְרַבָּה ) many (הָעַזוּבָ֖ה) passive participle being used as an adjective [places] English demands that the modified noun be stated; but Hebrew lets it be understood unstated.
13 But yet in it shall be a tenth, and it shall return, and shall be eaten: as a teil tree, and as an oak, whose substance is in them, when they cast their leaves: so the holy seed shall be the substance thereof.
13 But though (or if) in it [ ] a tenth, remains, again it shall be consumed: as a terebinth, or as an oak, whose substance is in them, when they cast their leaves: so the holy seed shall be the substance thereof.
Though a tenth remains When the ten tribes of Israel are taken captive, Judah will remain. The tribes of Benjamin and Judah and part of the tribes of Reuben and Levi, which made up the kingdom of Judah were about a tenth of the total population of Israel and Judah combined. Israel (Northern Kingdom) was deported in c. B.C. 722; while Judah (Southern Kingdom) remained until c. B.C. 597; though the 70 years of captivity are dated from 606 B.C., when Nebucadnezzar conquered Pharaoh Necho, and took Jehoiakim and his retinue captive.
again it shall be consumed Judah would be taken captive by Nebucadnezzar.
As a tree casts its leaves in autumn and revives in spring; so a remnant of Israel and Judah would revitalize Israel. Fulfilled in 1950-1957 A.D.