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(If many words tire your eyes, feel free to scroll down to my specific questions in bold... )
I had an interesting discussion with an unsaved coworker about church and the Bible the other day. My co-worker grew up in an African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church but left for good when given the choice at the age of 12. He now lives happily as a self-proclaimed "heathen".
The other day the topic of religion came up somehow, and he declared that all religions are full of self-contradictions. I said that I personally don't believe that Christianity is. He pointed to the Pope as proof of Christianity's inaccuracies since the Pope can change his mind on doctrine whenever he chooses.
Well, having removed the Pope from the picture and making it clear I don't consider him an authority on Christian doctrine, my coworker proceeded to point out that the fact that we have an Old Testament and New Testament is evidence that Christianity was really just formed from two separate religions. He said there are inconsistencies between the two testaments.
I assumed he meant the typical argument of "God promoted violence in the Old Testament". But actually, my coworker said he understood the reason for the violence as simply part of the bigger picture of God's plan. So that was a surprise to me!
The inconsistencies he seems to have trouble with basically boils down to the old covenant versus the new covenant. He doesn't see why the Law was so important in the Old Testament and suddenly God seems more lenient in the New Testament.
I, regrettably, didn't have an immediate answer for these "inconsistencies" since it took me a bit to figure out that his confusion was over Law versus Grace. But now that I have that figured out, I think I'll be able to respond to it when the topic comes up again. Really, the reason for the difference points straight to Jesus and the fact that the sacrifices were never good enough so a perfect sacrifice had to be made. Since we're on the other side of that sacrifice, we are covered by grace, but God's wrath will still come eventually unless we actually accept Jesus' gift.
The problem is, whenever these conversations come up, all kinds of contradictions and questions of my own get in the way. So in the midst of trying to answer, I begin to fumble as I try to work around my own doubts and questions. In this case, I began to wonder to myself"Really, though, why did God wait until halfway through history to send Jesus? Why were the sacrifices even instituted if there was a better way to salvation? Did we really need the old covenant? What was the purpose of it?"
And those thoughts rolling around in my head caused me to feel less confident as I tried to answer his question about the "inconsistencies". I'm sure I've heard the answer before, but currently I'm drawing a blank.
So how can I explain why the old covenant was needed and Jesus didn't arrive at the earliest possible date?...
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Another thing he kept bringing up is that he said he believes culture decides morality. And, for that reason, different cultures have different understandings of right and wrong. I countered this by pointing out that even if a society were to say murder is alright, if someone were to murder your mother you would know that it's terribly wrong even if society says otherwise.
The problem is, I never lived in a culture where violence was normalized (thank goodness!) so I can't really say whether or not someone from that culture would actually feel the wrongness of someone's murder despite the norms. I suspect so, but I really don't know with 100% confidence...
For example, human sacrifice was once a common religious practice in ancient Mexico. If someone's young son or daughter was chosen as a human sacrifice, would the family feel that it was a sin, even if it was a normal part of their culture? Or would they feel honored that their child was chosen and be happy that their child would get to die in such a "noble" way...? I really can't say.
When I try to argue that everyone knows deep down that there are certain rights and wrongs as evidence pointing to a God-given moral standard, I simultaneously struggle with the knowledge that there are people out there who seem perfectly content in life while committing sins or observing sins done to others. My co-worker included, often... This seems to fly in the face of the argument for human awareness of right and wrong.
Is it true that there is a universal understanding of right and wrong across cultures, despite cultural norms, or is this inaccurate and a poor foundation for an argument?
I had an interesting discussion with an unsaved coworker about church and the Bible the other day. My co-worker grew up in an African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church but left for good when given the choice at the age of 12. He now lives happily as a self-proclaimed "heathen".
The other day the topic of religion came up somehow, and he declared that all religions are full of self-contradictions. I said that I personally don't believe that Christianity is. He pointed to the Pope as proof of Christianity's inaccuracies since the Pope can change his mind on doctrine whenever he chooses.
Well, having removed the Pope from the picture and making it clear I don't consider him an authority on Christian doctrine, my coworker proceeded to point out that the fact that we have an Old Testament and New Testament is evidence that Christianity was really just formed from two separate religions. He said there are inconsistencies between the two testaments.
I assumed he meant the typical argument of "God promoted violence in the Old Testament". But actually, my coworker said he understood the reason for the violence as simply part of the bigger picture of God's plan. So that was a surprise to me!
The inconsistencies he seems to have trouble with basically boils down to the old covenant versus the new covenant. He doesn't see why the Law was so important in the Old Testament and suddenly God seems more lenient in the New Testament.
I, regrettably, didn't have an immediate answer for these "inconsistencies" since it took me a bit to figure out that his confusion was over Law versus Grace. But now that I have that figured out, I think I'll be able to respond to it when the topic comes up again. Really, the reason for the difference points straight to Jesus and the fact that the sacrifices were never good enough so a perfect sacrifice had to be made. Since we're on the other side of that sacrifice, we are covered by grace, but God's wrath will still come eventually unless we actually accept Jesus' gift.
The problem is, whenever these conversations come up, all kinds of contradictions and questions of my own get in the way. So in the midst of trying to answer, I begin to fumble as I try to work around my own doubts and questions. In this case, I began to wonder to myself"Really, though, why did God wait until halfway through history to send Jesus? Why were the sacrifices even instituted if there was a better way to salvation? Did we really need the old covenant? What was the purpose of it?"
And those thoughts rolling around in my head caused me to feel less confident as I tried to answer his question about the "inconsistencies". I'm sure I've heard the answer before, but currently I'm drawing a blank.
So how can I explain why the old covenant was needed and Jesus didn't arrive at the earliest possible date?...
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Another thing he kept bringing up is that he said he believes culture decides morality. And, for that reason, different cultures have different understandings of right and wrong. I countered this by pointing out that even if a society were to say murder is alright, if someone were to murder your mother you would know that it's terribly wrong even if society says otherwise.
The problem is, I never lived in a culture where violence was normalized (thank goodness!) so I can't really say whether or not someone from that culture would actually feel the wrongness of someone's murder despite the norms. I suspect so, but I really don't know with 100% confidence...
For example, human sacrifice was once a common religious practice in ancient Mexico. If someone's young son or daughter was chosen as a human sacrifice, would the family feel that it was a sin, even if it was a normal part of their culture? Or would they feel honored that their child was chosen and be happy that their child would get to die in such a "noble" way...? I really can't say.
When I try to argue that everyone knows deep down that there are certain rights and wrongs as evidence pointing to a God-given moral standard, I simultaneously struggle with the knowledge that there are people out there who seem perfectly content in life while committing sins or observing sins done to others. My co-worker included, often... This seems to fly in the face of the argument for human awareness of right and wrong.
Is it true that there is a universal understanding of right and wrong across cultures, despite cultural norms, or is this inaccurate and a poor foundation for an argument?
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