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About 450,000 African slaves were brought to the U.S. directly or indirectly from a population of about 12 million Africans that almost all ended up in the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America. But what has been largely ignored by American historians and the public education system is that about 1 million Christian Europeans were enslaved by North Africans and transported to Africa. Their treatment mirrored that of Africans brought to the New World.
Several prominent historians have conducted extensive research recently on this largely ignored dimension of the Atlantic Slave Trade years.
This has resulted in several publications that make for interesting reading (if you like history that is). Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast, and Italy, 1500-1800 is one of them. ...
Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500-1800 (Early Modern History): Robert C. Davis: 9781403945518: Amazon.com: Books
Also, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries more than 300,000 white Europeans were shipped to America as slaves. Urchins were swept up from London's streets to labor in the tobacco fields, where life expectancy was no more than two years. Brothels were raided to provide "breeders" for Virginia. Hopeful migrants were duped into signing as indentured servants, unaware they would become personal property who could be bought, sold, and even gambled away. Transported convicts were paraded for sale like livestock.
Interestingly, these white European slaves lived right with African slaves.
White Cargo: The Forgotten History of Britain's White Slaves in America: Don Jordan, Michael Walsh: 9780814742969: Amazon.com: Books
They Were White and They Were Slaves: The Untold History of the Enslavement of Whites in Early America: Michael Hoffman: 9780929903057: Amazon.com: Books
Several prominent historians have conducted extensive research recently on this largely ignored dimension of the Atlantic Slave Trade years.
This has resulted in several publications that make for interesting reading (if you like history that is). Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast, and Italy, 1500-1800 is one of them. ...
Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500-1800 (Early Modern History): Robert C. Davis: 9781403945518: Amazon.com: Books
Also, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries more than 300,000 white Europeans were shipped to America as slaves. Urchins were swept up from London's streets to labor in the tobacco fields, where life expectancy was no more than two years. Brothels were raided to provide "breeders" for Virginia. Hopeful migrants were duped into signing as indentured servants, unaware they would become personal property who could be bought, sold, and even gambled away. Transported convicts were paraded for sale like livestock.
Interestingly, these white European slaves lived right with African slaves.
White Cargo: The Forgotten History of Britain's White Slaves in America: Don Jordan, Michael Walsh: 9780814742969: Amazon.com: Books
They Were White and They Were Slaves: The Untold History of the Enslavement of Whites in Early America: Michael Hoffman: 9780929903057: Amazon.com: Books