Genesis By The Slice

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WebersHome

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Gen 11:6-27

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†. Gen 11:6 . . and Yhvh said: If, as one people with one language for
all, this is how they have begun to act, then nothing that they may
propose to do will be out of their reach.


I don't think Yhvh objected to the people's unity per se. I mean, after all; it's
Christ's wish that his church be unified (John 17:1-26). I think what He
objected to was the direction that humanity's unity was taking; and it was
no doubt similar to the direction depicted below.

"Why do the nations conspire and the peoples plot in vain? The kings of the
earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against Yhvh and
against His anointed. Let us break their chains-- they say --and throw off
their fetters." (Ps 2:1-3)

An organized world-wide rebellion against God is eventually going to
happen, but not just yet. (2Thes 2:1-12)

To whom was Yhvh speaking when He spoke those words? Well; there's
been a lot of theory and speculation in that regard. Apparently Yhvh has
associates and companions; which we might label courtiers and/or
bureaucrats. They're the competent behind-the scenes "gophers" that keep
government business running smoothly. I think that God rather enjoys
delegating a great deal of His business to trusted underlings rather than
doing it all Himself.

†. Gen 11:7 . . Let us, then, go down and confound their speech
there, so that they shall not understand one another's speech.


"let us" is the language of Gen 1:26 when God created man. Exactly who
accompanied Yhvh on this mission isn't stated; but it's difficult to imagine
Him traveling solo without an entourage of some sort. (cf. Matt 25:31)

†. Gen 11:8 . .Thus the Lord scattered them from there over the face
of the whole earth; and they stopped building the city.


The language barrier was only a temporary delay because later on the city of
Babylon was eventually built. But at this point in time, the world had no
choice. It was just impossible to continue. Incidentally; the entire world has
never again been unified in a singular endeavor like it was on that tower.

†. Gen 11:9 . .That is why it was called Babel, because there the Lord
confounded the speech of the whole earth; and from there the Lord
scattered them over the face of the whole earth.


In time, men did branch out and colonize the whole planet. But barely
anything is said in the Bible about the world in the years between Babel and
Abraham. On the pages of scripture, it seems but a brief interlude, but in
reality, it's truly a millenniums-wide quantum leap when taking into
consideration the ice ages and regions that today are now deserts (Sahara;
et al) which were once pluvial with abundant water resources and arable soil
able to support developing civilizations.

Relative to the grand scale of time; Abraham was practically a modern man
though he lived something like 4,000 years ago. But 4,000 years is merely a
tick-tock on the earth's geological clock that's been ticking for something like
4.5 billion years. If we let 4.5 billion years represent 24 hours, then 4,000
years is about equal to 8/100th second.

FYI: The 5,300 year old ice man, written up in the November 2011 edition of
National Geographic Magazine, lived in the Italian portion of the Öztal Alps a
mere 1/10th second ago relative to a 24-hour geological clock.

According to the January 2015 issue of National Geographic Magazine,
human artifacts as old as 100,000 years has been discovered in a cave
located on the southern tip of Africa-- geologically, that many years is barely
2 seconds.

†. Gen 11:10a . .This is the line of Shem.

Well; that's pretty much about it for the other brothers. From now on, the
Bible will direct its focus mainly upon Shem's line. But not all. Just specific
ones that are connected to Abraham's covenant; and ultimately to Messiah.

Noah was a pretty simple kind of guy. He probably tore apart the ark for its
wood and built a home, and barns, and whittled fence posts and split rails to
corral his livestock. The rest of the ark's lumber he could distribute to his
sons and grandchildren for their own ranches after setting aside enough
firewood for many years to come. He more than likely stayed pretty close to
where the ark went aground and stayed behind when the others migrated
out west. After all, if Noah could raise food right where he was, plus his
grapes, then why move away? He'd seen it all anyway and lived the
adventure of a lifetime.

†. Gen 11:10b . . Shem was 100 years old when he begot
Arpachshad, two years after the Flood.


That would make Shem about 97 years old when the flood began.

†. Gen 11:11 . . After the birth of Arpachshad, Shem lived 500 years
and begot sons and daughters.


Each of the patriarchs probably had at least as many daughters as well as
sons even though girls' names are rarely listed in the record.

†. Gen 11:12-25 . .When Arpachshad had lived 35 years, he begot
Shelah. After the birth of Shelah, Arpachshad lived 403 years and
begot sons and daughters . .When Nahor had lived 29 years, he
begot Terah. After the birth of Terah, Nahor lived 119 years and
begot sons and daughters.


Included in the genealogy is a man named Eber. His name carries on to this
day in a people well known as Hebrews; for the Old Testament word for
Hebrew is 'Ibriy (ib-ree'); which means an Eberite; viz: a descendant of
Eber.

Prior, it was common for people to live nine hundred years. But at this point
in the Bible, the human life span is beginning to shrink rapidly. Noah lived
950 years (about the same as his antediluvian forebears), but Shem lived
only 600. It became even worse by the time of Nahor; who only lived to
148. Today, even the healthiest among us begins to decline as early as our
mid thirties; with an average life expectancy of not even 80.This problem
has baffled scientists for years and no one seems to know yet just why our
body cells age and deteriorate so fast. Whoever solves that problem will get
very rich from it, that's for sure.

†. Gen 11:26-27 . .When Terah had lived 70 years, he begot Abram,
Nahor, and Haran. Now this is the line of Terah: Terah begot Abram,
Nahor, and Haran; and Haran begot Lot.


By the time of Terah, Shem's line had slipped away and no longer
worshipped Yhvh in spite of their solid spiritual heritage.

"Then Joshua said to all the people: Thus said the Lord, the God of Israel;
"In olden times, your forefathers-- Terah, father of Abraham and father of
Nahor --lived beyond the Euphrates and worshiped other gods."
(Josh 24:2-3)

Because their dad worshipped other gods, the two brothers, Abram and
Nahor, grew up as idolaters until Noah's god stepped in and broke the chain,
appeared to Abram, and told him to leave his relatives, and get out of Ur.

One has to wonder what happened with Terah. His grandfathers Shem and
Noah actually came off the ark and saw the Flood for themselves but that
was waaaaay back when. Time has a way of turning history into legend, and
anon, into myths and folklore.

NOTE: One of the problems associated with the credibility of the Flood is
finding evidence for it; and a significant portion of that problem is related to
the Flood's duration. The actual downpour lasted a mere forty days; and the
standing water was gone within a year's time; which just isn't enough time.
It takes water millennia to erode permanent features in the earth's
lithosphere. And on top of that, once the rain stopped, the Flood's waters
were essentially static like a lake or a swimming pool. In order to cause
erosion of any significance, water has to move; as a river or a stream, or as
waves along the sea shore; not stand still.

When I was a kid, the presence of sea shells and fossils way up on the sides
and tops of mountains was thought to be evidence of the Flood, but now we
know that they got up there by tectonic forces rather than by the Flood. You
know it hasn't been all that long that people began putting some faith in
continental drift. It's been barely a century since German meteorologist
Alfred Wegner proposed that Earth's dry land had once been a single
continent then gradually began separating. He was soundly mocked and
dismissed by his contemporary scientific community. Not anymore they
don't. Now pretty near all the geological scientists are in agreement that the
earth's prominent mountain ranges were produced by the grinding, colliding,
buckling, and subduction of massive sections of the earth's crust.

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C

Calminian

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LOL. This guy's still uploading his website to this thread. :confused:
 

WebersHome

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I think he is trying to win some sort of award for fiction with the novel his
copying and pasting.
Well; at least you didn't accuse me of plagiarizing; that's a nice change.

I've thought of publishing my "novel" but judging by the low number of
views that it typically draws from every forum it's been on in years past, it
likely would not do very well in stores.

I got the idea for doing this sometime around Y2K when I ran across a book
on sale at Borders titled "The Genesis Record" by Henry M. Morris. Around
the same time, I found another one there on sale titled "The Bible As
History" by Werner Keller. Those two books got me off to a start; albeit
rudimentary at first; and my posts drew quite a bit of criticism: some of it
helpful, and some of it not very kind. But I persevered and today my "novel"
is actually pretty useful to people seeking an introduction to Genesis.

My first encounter with Genesis occurred in 1962 as a young soldier in the
US Army. My rifle company had a Bible on the table in the day room and I
took a look at it. I barely even got to Adam and Eve before becoming bored
and losing interest; and it wasn't until 1968 that I took another shot at
reading through Genesis. I got through it okay that time; but it still seemed
pretty dry; though I felt a strange twinge of emotion while reading Joseph's
story. I don't know what came over me because I'm not a sensitive kind of
guy.

Anyway; I didn't get serious with the Bible till 1972 when I stumbled across
an old fellow on the radio named J. Vernon McGee. His Thru The Bible Radio
program really caught my attention because he had a knack for making the
Bible fun, informative, and applicable instead of academic drudgery. He was
very skilled at fleshing it out and making it realistic. That was a lucky break
because were it not for McGee; I may never have taken up the Bible for life.

================================
 

WebersHome

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FYI: This thread isn't pinned. Everybody and anybody can weigh in with their
own ideas about Genesis whenever they want.

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Jun 5, 2014
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Well; at least you didn't accuse me of plagiarizing; that's a nice change.

I've thought of publishing my "novel" but judging by the low number of
views that it typically draws from every forum it's been on in years past, it
likely would not do very well in stores.

I got the idea for doing this sometime around Y2K when I ran across a book
on sale at Borders titled "The Genesis Record" by Henry M. Morris.
Just to be clear, I never accused you of plagiarism.

Anybody can publish a book these days for next to nothing.

It's so easy even a caveman can do it.

Yes, I'm familiar with Morris.

The only thing his books are good for is if you run out of therapeutic papers.
 
Sep 16, 2014
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Anyway; I didn't get serious with the Bible till 1972 when I stumbled across
an old fellow on the radio named J. Vernon McGee. His Thru The Bible Radio
program really caught my attention because he had a knack for making the
Bible fun, informative, and applicable instead of academic drudgery. He was
very skilled at fleshing it out and making it realistic. That was a lucky break
because were it not for McGee; I may never have taken up the Bible for life.
I got hooked on him too whenever I could be near an AM station broadcasting.
I had a link to all his recordings last year, but it's gone. His ministry was superb.
Reading the Bible along with him got me into study bibles and other resources,
all books, there being no internet then. I had read the Bible through each month
for a couple of years, then he was a big influence to actually study it like a
student in Bible college.

I've missed looking at your thread until now, want to make a comment on the
OP. God made the earth, initially leaving it flooded and in darkness, there being
no light yet. He created light, which separated the darkness with what we call
Day and night (light and darkness). At the end he declared that all he had made
was very good. That included night.

Vegetation supplies oxygen for us to live by day ("exhale" so to speak), while
absorbing sunlight ("inhale" so to speak) to make it's food.
God set it up for plants to absorb CO2 nightly, storing it to combine with sun,
minerals, water, etc. in the day.

Without that cycle of photosynthesis our oxygen supply would be severely
limited, having only UV breakdown of water in the atmosphere (photolysis),
which is a minor source. Besides asphyxiation, we would not have food.

The darkness was good in creation because it is vital to support life. There
are various Hebrew words translated "darkness", one having to do with evil,
but not "koshek" rendered Night.

An interesting passage is the chapter around Isaiah 45:7 (KJV)
[SUP]7 [/SUP] I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: I the LORD
do all these things.


By that "evil" if men refuse to be at peace with God, then the law of sowing and reaping
established by God guarantees sorrow. There's no middle ground about that.
 
Jun 5, 2014
1,750
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FYI: This thread isn't pinned. Everybody and anybody can weigh in with their
own ideas about Genesis whenever they want.

=============================
Be careful what you ask for.

LOL.
 

WebersHome

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Thru The Bible Radio is online at ttb.org

Hover on OUR PROGRAMS for options.

FYI:
McGee's entire five-year un-edited commentary is available on a single
USB flash drive. Hover on RESOURCES and navigate to the BOOKSTORE.

=====================================
 

WebersHome

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Dec 9, 2014
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Be careful what you ask for.
I'll be okay. This isn't the first time I've been down the Genesis road on an
internet forum. It's typically bumpy up to the Tower of Babel; but from
Abraham on; things simmer down quite a bit.

=================================
 

WebersHome

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Gen 11:28-32

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†. Gen 11:28 . . Haran died in the lifetime of his father Terah, in his
native land, Ur of the Chaldeans.


The Grim Reaper cares not for the age of its victims, whether young or
whether old. Haran died before his dad. Many a parent has buried their
children before they even had a chance to live.

You know, anybody can die; it's not all that difficult; and people don't have
to be old nor do they have to be especially intelligent. Even the young, the
inexperienced, and the stupid do it all the time.

"For the wise man, like the fool, will not be long remembered: in days to
come both will be forgotten. Like the fool, the wise man too must die." (Ecc
2:16)

"For the time of mischance comes to all. And a man cannot even know his
time. As fishes are enmeshed in a fatal net, and as birds are trapped in a
snare, so men are caught at the time of calamity, when it comes upon them
without warning." (Ecc 9:10-12)

"Your fathers, where are they? and the prophets: do they live for ever?"
(Zch 1:5)

†. Gen 11:29 . . Abram and Nahor took to themselves wives, the
name of Abram's wife being Sarai and that of Nahor's wife Milcah,
the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah and Iscah.


Nahor married a niece; the daughter of his brother Haran. And Abram,
according to Gen 20:12, married a half sister; the daughter of his father
Terah. Such close marriages were later forbidden in Israel's covenanted law.
But as Genesis has shown all along, at this early date close marriages were
neither forbidden nor particularly dangerous from a genetic point of view,
and so were not uncommon. Adam's family married among themselves; and
so did Noah's. They really had no choice about it. There just weren't any
other people available for spouses at the time.

Close inbreeding was neither a sin nor a problem in those days. But it sure is
now. You wouldn't dare engender children with a sister or a brother or a
niece nowadays. The risk of birth defects is just too high. It's notable that as
longevity decreased, so did the margin of safety in marrying relatives. The
quality of the human body has seriously deteriorated.

†. Gen 11:30 . . Now Sarai was barren, she had no child.

This is the very first recorded incident of a human reproductive malfunction.
Other than the reduction in longevity; the human body seems to have been
running on all eight cylinders up to this point. But who was the problem; was
it Abram or Sarai? It was Sarai because Abraham later engendered a child
by a servant girl.

One of the first horrors the human family witnessed was Abel's death. No
one had ever seen a human being dead before. And now this. A woman who
couldn't conceive. It must have been stunning and unbelievable. All the
women in history up to this point were cranking out babies like rabbits and
mice.

But this was double bad for Sarai. Not only could she not have a family of
her own, but you know how the tabloids feed on unusual events. Well . . this
was one for the books. Sarai, in her day, was a true freak of nature.
Everyone would point at her and whisper in hushed tones: Look! There she
is! That's the one we saw on 20/20. (so to speak)

She must have felt terribly inferior, and you can just imagine what that did
to her self esteem too. Sarai was a gorgeous piece of work, but her womb
had no more life in it than a stack of 8x11 Xerox paper.

I'm a man; so how can I possibly understand Sarai's personal grief? Only
another barren woman can understand what Sarai must have felt. There are
women who don't care about children. But Sarai doesn't strike me as one of
those. And even if she didn't care for children, it would have still been a
comfort in her mind to know that at least she could have some if she
wanted.

"There are three things that are never satisfied, yea, four things say not; "It
is enough" -- the grave; the barren womb, the earth that is not filled with
water; and the fire." (Pro 30:15-16)

†. Gen 11:31a . .Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot the son
of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, the wife of his son Abram,
and they set out together from Ur of the Chaldeans for the land of
Canaan;


Ur's ruins are approximately midway between the modern city of Baghdad
Iraq, and the head of the Persian Gulf, south of the Euphrates River, on the
edge of the Al Hajarah Desert. The site of Ur is known today as Tall al
Muqayyar.

In antiquity, the Euphrates River flowed near the city walls; and thus Ur was
favorably located for the development of commerce and for attaining political
dominance. The biblical name "Ur of the Chaldees" refers to the Chaldeans,
who settled in the area about 900 BC. By the 4th century BC, the city was
practically forgotten, possibly as a result of a shift in the course of the
Euphrates River.

Water played an important role in the location of ancient civilizations. The
Sahara desert, for example, was once a pluvial region with lakes. When
geological forces caused the loss of rainfall and surface water, the Sahara
became the dry waste it's famed for today and consequently its inhabitants
had to relocate.

Ur was enclosed by oval walls thirty feet high, which protected not only the
city, but two harbors as well. Sir Leonard Woolley discovered that the
inhabitants benefited from well-planned streets, and houses with high
standards of sanitation. The houses appear to have been constructed to
remain cool in the hot summers and some may have been two-storied.
House walls adjoined the streets. Homes featured an inner courtyard onto
which their rooms faced; just like Judah's home in the Charleton Heston
movie Ben Hur.

†. Gen 11:31b . . but when they had come as far as Haran, they
settled there.


According to Gen 12:1, God took an interest in Abram while he was in Ur,
before he left with Terah to travel to Haran. After sharing his vision with
Terah, the dad quite possibly became interested in a new life himself, having
recently lost a son. The land where he then lived held bad memories and,
probably not wanting to lose touch with any more of his family if Abram
were to move away, he suggested that they all travel together; which is a
perfectly good idea considering the dangers they were likely to encounter en
route. But the dad didn't have the heart for it really. The old gentleman
decided to settle in Haran instead of going all the way to Canaan like the
original plan called for.

From Ur, Canaan is dead west and just about the same distance as Haran.
But instead of going directly to Canaan, they went north, following the trade
routes. I think I would have too. Terah's family was a lot safer going from
town to town along the fertile crescent. It would take longer to get to
Canaan, but they would be in better shape upon arrival. There are some who
like to keep their foot on the gas and push on through when they travel. But
that is very tiring. It's far better to stop often, eat, and rest before moving
on. The towns along the northern route could provide them with needed
supplies for the journey too.

But Haran (modern Charran or Haraan) is too far out of the way really. It's
clear up in Urfa Turkey on the trade route to Ninevah. Terah could have
turned south a lot sooner and gone on down to Canaan via Damascus. But I
think that by then, he'd lost interest in Canaan and decided that Haran was
the place for him. And Abram, probably not wanting to leave his dad alone
there, stayed on too.

†. Gen 11:32 . .The days of Terah came to 205 years; and Terah died
in Haran.


Terah lived a relatively long life for his day. His son Abraham only lived to
175. But I sometimes wonder if Terah didn't cut his life short by staying in
Haran. Did he forget about God's call to Abram to go to Canaan?

Actually, Terah didn't worship Noah's god, but other gods; pagan gods. So
it's only natural that he wouldn't take Yhvh's call seriously. The Bible's God
wanted Abram to live down in Canaan. But because of his dad, Abram didn't
go there. How sad that parents can actually be a hindrance to their children
complying with God whole heartedly.

My own dad was a very bad influence upon my spiritual life. It wasn't until
after I moved out, and he died, that my relationship with God really took off
and went somewhere. He used to get so upset with me for taking the Bible
too seriously; even blaming it for keeping me from getting ahead in life. And
he constantly pressured me to marry women who were of a different religion
than my own. One's kin can be the ruin of an otherwise Godly person. The
influence of unholy kin should never be taken lightly. (cf. Deut 13:7-12)

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WebersHome

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Gen 12:1-3a

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†. Gen 12:1. .The Lord said to Abram: Go forth from your native land
and from your father's house to the land that I will show you.


Stephen said Abram was still living in Ur, and hadn't moved up to Haran yet
when God called him to leave his kin (Acts 7:2-3). There's no record of any
interaction with God all the while that Abram lived in Haran. Yhvh was silent,
and waiting for Abraham to get with the program and do as He said-- leave
his kin and head on out to a country of God's choosing. When he finally
departed, Abram was not yet informed of his precise destination. (Heb 11:8)

The Lord made several promises to Abram at this time.

†. Gen 12:2a . . I will make of you a great nation,


Greatness is arbitrary. Some say numbers best represent greatness, while
others feel that accomplishments, prosperity, health, and contributions to
mankind define greatness. In that last aspect; no other nation on earth has
contributed more to the benefit of mankind than the people of Israel. It is
through them that sinful men of all nations may obtain a full ransom from
the wrath of God. Israel is also destined to become the seat of world power,
economic prosperity, and the center for religious studies.

†. Gen 12:2b . . And I will bless you;

Abram became a very wealthy man; with enough male servants to field a
respectable army. He also enjoyed long life and good health; and the
admiration of his neighbors.

†. Gen 12:2c . . I will make your name great,

Nobody is more famous than Abraham. Even people who never heard of
George Washington, Alexander the Great, Napoleon, or Genghis Khan, know
about Abraham. He is connected to the three most prominent religions in the
world: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. And his name is always held in the
very highest regard. Abraham isn't known for nefarious deeds nor bloody
conquests. He is known as the friend of God, and as a role model for all
decent God-fearing people everywhere all over the world.

†. Gen 12:2d . . And you shall be a blessing.

There are some people that the world is well rid of like conceited
entertainers, neighbors from hell, thin skinned defensive people with raging
tempers, habitual liars, cry babies, people who falsify information, sully
reputations, ruthless businessmen, con and scam artists, unscrupulous
lawyers, crooked cops and dishonest politicians, insurance frauds, Wall
Street sociopaths, managers on a power trip, hackers, and the like. But
Abraham was none of those. He was a very gracious, honorable man; the
kind of guy you would thank God for. But most of all, Abraham is the
progenitor of Messiah-- the savior of the world.

"A record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ the son of David, the son of
Abraham" (Matt 1:1)

Messiah is the one who makes it possible for sinners to escape the judgment
of God. You can't be a better blessing than that.

"Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the desert, so the Son of Man must be
lifted up, that everyone who believes in him may have eternal life. For God
so cared for the world that he donated His one and only son, that whoever
believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life. For God did not send
His son into the world to condemn the world, but to rescue the world
through him." (John 3:14-17)

NOTE: The reference to Moses' serpent is located at Num 21:4-9

Just as Moses' people were spared certain death from snake bite by doing no
more nor less than looking to the serpent; so believers today are spared
eternal suffering by doing no more nor less than looking to Jesus' crucifixion
to remedy their default destiny in an unspeakable environment.

†. Gen 12:3a . . I will bless those who bless you, and curse him that
curses you;


That curse works both ways; viz: it prevents God from cursing Abraham.
This is very important because were God to curse Abraham, for any reason,
any at all; He would have to level a curse right back at Himself.

In a nutshell; God as much as granted Abraham immunity from any, and all,
of the curses listed at Ex 34:6-7, Lev 26:3-38, Deut 27:15-26, and Deut
28:1-69 that God is obligated to slam Yhvh's people with for breaching the
covenant that they agreed upon with God as per Deut 29:9-15.

Modern Judaism insists that Deut 29:14-15 retroactively binds Abraham to
the covenant. Well; not only is that kind thinking a stretch of the
imagination; but it's not even sensible due to God's obligation to slam the
covenant's violators with a curse.

"Cursed is he who does not confirm the words of this law by doing them."
(Deut 27:26)

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WebersHome

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†. Gen 12:3b . . And in you all the families of the earth shall be
blessed."


The Hebrew word translated "in you" is be- (be) an ambiguous word. One of
its meanings, the one that seems most fitting, is "of the means or
instrument"

Abraham eventually found out that the above prediction concerned a great
grandson of his.

"Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day, and he saw it and was glad."
(John 8:56-57)

The "blessing" in focus is no doubt the one below.

"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten son, that
whoever believes in him should not perish, but have eternal life. For God did
not send the Son into the world to judge the world, but that the world should
be spared through Him. (John 3:16-17)

"And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for
the sins of the whole world." (1 John 2:2)

†. Gen 12:4a . . Abram went forth as the Lord had commanded him,

Although Abram didn't "went forth" exactly when God told him to; he finally
did; and that's what counts. Jonah didn't "went forth" when he was told to
go either, but God prepared a large fish to persuade him to stop fooling
around and get a move on; and he finally complied.

†. Gen 12:4b . . and Lot went with him.

That was an err on Abram's part. He was told to leave his native land and to
leave his father's house. He wasn't supposed to take any relatives along with
him: and Lot wasn't a child; he was a grown man capable of operating a
ranch on his own so it's not like Abram would have abandoned Lot an
orphan.

†. Gen 12:4c . . Abram was seventy-five years old when he left
Haran.


That hardly seems like a sensible age to reinvent one's self and begin a new
life; but Abram was relatively young yet in his own day, and still had 100
years of life left to go.

I was born in 1944. The average life expectancy of a man born that year is
roughly 62. Abram lived to the ripe old age of 175 (Gen 25:7-8). So, at the
time of his migration to Canaan, Abram was about the equivalent of me at
26.

Abram's wife Sarai was even perkier. She was nine years younger than
Abram (cf. Gen 17:1 and Gen 17:17). But Sarai only lived to 127; forty
eight years less than her husband (Gen 23:1). The average life expectancy
of a woman born in 1944 is about 67 years. So Sarai would have been the
equivalent of a female version of me at 25 when they migrated to Canaqan
had she survived to her husband's ripe old age of 175. Precisely why Sarai's
life was cut short is unknown.

†. Gen 12:5 . . Abram took his wife Sarai and his brother's son Lot,
and all the wealth that they had amassed, and the persons that they
had acquired in Haran; and they set out for the land of Canaan; and
they arrived there.


I'm pretty sure Sarai anticipated this move. Abram had probably been
talking about it ever since God appeared to him in Ur so I seriously doubt it
disrupted her life like a bolt out of the blue.

From Haran (Haraan Turkey) it's well over 400 miles south to the West Bank
in Palestine. You can imagine the difficulty of making such a trip what with
no automobiles, no trains, no buses, no taxi cabs, no airplanes, no paved
surface highways, and no graded roads. It was all trails and dirt paths; and
all on foot, or on the back of an animal, or in a cart pulled by an animal.

People traveled like that for millennia before powered conveyances were
invented and became widespread. Practically all modern means of travel
were invented in the 20th century AD. In only just the last 120 years or so
of Man's existence has there been airplanes and horseless carriages. Man
went from the Wright Brothers to the moon in just sixty-six years. The
previous thousands of years before Karl Benz's production of gasoline
powered motorwagens; people were very slow moving, and travel was
arduous, inconvenient, and totally earth-bound. In those days, a pioneer's
greatest barrier to migration was distance.

It's significant that Abram wasn't required to dispose of his worldly goods in
order to follow God. Abram later became an exceedingly rich man and God
never once asked him to give it all away. Riches are bad only if they have
such a hold upon a person that they must compromise their integrity to
hang on to it. For that person, it's better to be poor. But it would be wrong
to impose poverty upon everyone because not everyone is consumed with
survival, avarice, and greed.

†. Gen 12:6 . . Abram traveled through the land as far as the site of
the great tree of Moreh at Shechem. At that time the Canaanites
were in the land.


The Canaanites probably didn't have complete control of the land at this
time, merely a presence, same as Abram. But they were definitely in
progress of getting control. By the time Joshua invaded, roughly four
hundred years later, Canaan's clan was pretty well rooted in Palestine.

Abram's welfare wasn't improved by coming out west to Canaan. His home
town Ur was a modern city with decent accommodations. But out on the
frontier, it was rugged. Palestine in that day was no Utopia. It was more like
the conditions which faced our own early day American pioneers and
settlers. There were communities scattered here and there, but for the most
part, it was wild, wooly, and untamed.

Abram, now paying attention to God, is going where he's told and moving in
all the right directions. The next two moves are preceded by altars; upon
which, we can safely assume, were offered the traditional Noah-style burnt
offering. Altar sites were hot-spots; viz: locations for making wireless
contact with God; sort of like what the Temple at Jerusalem became in later
years.

†. Gen 12:7a . .The Lord appeared to Abram

Exactly how or in what form God appeared to Abram isn't specified. God's
appearances aren't always visual. Sometimes an appearance is merely an
audible voice; or a dream, an angel, a burning bush, a breeze, a column of
smoke, or even an eerie glow.

†. Gen 12:7b . . and said: I will assign this land to your heirs.

This is the very first instance of a ivine promise made to Abram regarding
ownership of Palestine; and it probably bounced right off his skull like a
sonar ping. But later on, God will repeat that promise again and again until it
finally sinks in. Repetition is, after all, a proven learning aid.

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WebersHome

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Gen 12:7c-12

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†. Gen 12:7c-8 . . And he built an altar there to the Lord who had
appeared to him. From there he moved on to the hill country east of
Bethel and pitched his tent, with Bethel on the west and Ai on the
east; and he built there an altar to the Lord and invoked the Lord by
name.


Eusebius Onomasticon, placed Bethel twelve Roman miles north from
Jerusalem, on the road to Neapolis. The site today is represented by the
modern town of Beitin, a village which stands on a knoll east of the road to
Nablus; roughly 2½ miles northeast of Ramallah El-Bira.

Ai hasn't really been pinpointed yet but is identified either with the modern
Haiyan, just south of the village Deir Dibwan or with a mound, El-Tell, to the
north.

This is only the second time in Scripture where it's said human beings called
upon God by a name. The first was Gen 4:26. What name might Abram have
used to invoke God? The name Yhvh was well known by this time, and
Abram addressed God by it on numerous occasions (e.g. Gen 13:4, 14:22,
15:8, 21:33, and 24:3).

God's demeanor towards Abram was sometimes that of an officer in wartime
who doesn't tell his troops in advance the location of their next bivouac.
Instead he orders them to march in a certain direction, only later telling
them when to stop and set up camp. So Abram went in the direction he was
commanded to go; not really knowing his destination or the why. For the
time being, Abram didn't need to know the why-- he only needed to know
which way.

Free now from the harmful influence of his own dad's pagan ways, Abram
revived the religion of his sacred ancestors and began calling upon God the
same way they did; and he got his travel orders that way too. Each time he
worshipped at the altars, God told him what to do, where to go next; and
sometimes even shared some personal data along with His big plans for
Abram's future. Abram was doing pretty much what Adam did in the garden;
meeting with God in the cool of the day; so to speak. Only Abram did it
differently because he was a sinful being, whereas, in the beginning, Adam
wasn't; so he didn't need an altar, at first.

†. Gen 12:9 . .Then Abram journeyed by stages toward the Negev.

"Negev" is from negeb (neh'-gheb) and means: to be parched; the south
(from its drought); specifically, the Negev or southern district of Judah;
occasionally Egypt (as south to Palestine). The Negev is generally considered
as beginning south of Dhahiriya; which is right in between Hevron and Be'ér
Sheva; and as stretching south in a series of rolling hills until the actual
wilderness begins, a distance of perhaps 70 miles.

To the east, the Negev is bounded by the Dead Sea and the Arabah, and to
the west the boundaries are generally Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. It's
a land of scanty springs and sparse rainfall. The character of its soil is a
transition from the fertility of Canaan to the wilderness of the desert--
essentially a pastoral land, where grazing is plentiful in the early months and
where camels and goats can survive, even through the long summer
drought.

Today, as through most periods of history, the Negev is a land for the
nomad rather than the settled inhabitant, although abundant ruins in many
spots testify to better physical conditions at some periods. The east and
west directions of the valleys, the general dryness, and the character of the
inhabitants, have always made it a more or less isolated region without
thoroughfare. The great routes pass along the coast to the west or up the
Arabah to the east. Against all who would lead an army up from the south,
this southern frontier of Judah presented a tough obstacle in the old days.
The Negev is slated for a make-over when God returns the Jews to their
homeland.

"The desert and the parched land will be glad; the wilderness will rejoice and
blossom. Like the crocus, it will burst into bloom; it will rejoice greatly and
shout for joy. The glory of Lebanon will be given to it, the splendor of Carmel
and Sharon; they will see the glory of The Lord, the excellency of our God."
(Isa 35:1-2)

Lebanon's glory of old was timber; especially cedars (1Kng 4:33). Sharon
was known for its flowers (Song 2:1) and Carmel for its orchards (Isa 33:9).
How God will get timber, flowers, and orchards to flourish in the Negev
should be interesting.

†. Gen 12:10 . .There was a famine in the land, and Abram went
down to Egypt to sojourn there, for the famine was severe in the
land.


Famines were usually the result of things like low humidity, lack of rain,
and/or plagues of insects and plant diseases.

Abram fully intended to return to Canaan just as soon as the famine ended.
The move to Egypt was a temporary expedient, rather than the result of
irrational panic. Famine might seem to some as an excuse for Abram to
return to Haran. But Abram wasn't retreating. His destiny did not lie in
Haran. It lay in Palestine-- period! --no going back.

I've heard more than one commentator say that Abram was out of God's will
when he left Canaan and moved to Egypt. It is really impossible to know
that for sure. Compare Gen 46:2-4 where God instructed Jacob to migrate to
Egypt during a severe famine. So, I'm inclined to give Abram the benefit of
the doubt. Back at Shechem, Abram began the practice of erecting altars
and calling on grandpa Noah's god. Each time he moved, he built a new
altar. And each time he did that, God gave him new travel orders. Since the
text doesn't suggest otherwise; it should be okay to assume Abram went
down to Egypt under the very same divine guidance as the other places he
moved to.

†. Gen 12:11 . . As he was about to enter Egypt, he said to his wife
Sarai: I know what a beautiful woman you are.


Abram was about nine years older than Sarai; so she was over 66 years-old
when this event occurred because according to Gen 12:4, Abram was
seventy-five when they left Haran. Sarai was amazing. Even at 66+ years
she drew admiring glances.

Abram's acknowledgement of Sarai's beauty appears to have been
somewhat out of the ordinary; but that's no surprise. After a number of
years of marriage, it isn't uncommon for men to take their wives for
granted; and to stop taking notice of them after a while.

†. Gen 12:12 . . If the Egyptians see you, and think "She is his wife"
they will kill me and let you live.


Egypt had an active presence up in and around Canaan prior to Abram's day
and perhaps the conduct of their frontier consulates was somewhat less than
honorable at times. So of course the people of Canaan would quite naturally
assume all Egyptians were pigs just like many people today assume that all
Muslims are terrorists because the terrorists who flew airplanes into the
World Trade Center were Muslims.

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WebersHome

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Gen 12:13-20

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†. Gen 12:13 . . I beseech you; say that you are my sister, that it
may go well with me because of you, and that I may remain alive
thanks to you.


Abraham didn't have to entreat Sarai to go along with his scheme. According
to Gen 18:12 and 1Pet 3:6, she was submissive to Abram as her superior.
This scene is useful for exemplifying the gracious nature of this amazing
man of God. Though he was a king in his own home, Abraham wasn't a
callous despot like Kim Jong Un and/or Robert Mugabe who care little for
either the feelings or the welfare of their citizens.

Abraham was shrewd. He was not only concerned about saving his skin, but
also about taking advantage of his being Sarai's kin; and actually that part
of it did work out pretty well.

However, I would have to scold Abram on this point because his scheme
reveals a lack of confidence in God's promises back in Gen 12:2-3 and Gen
12:7.

Abram has to be kept alive to engender heirs so God can make good on His
promise to give them the land of Canaan. No one could kill Abram at this
point; not even a Pharaoh, king of Egypt. Not even The Almighty God
Himself could kill Abram at this point because it was too late for that. God
passed His word back at Shechem that he would make of Abram a great
nation and He can't go back on it without seriously compromising His own
integrity. Some people might be inclined to call that a character weakness;
but to those of us relying upon God to honor His word, His integrity is the
very basis of our confidence. God's promises-- especially His unconditional
promises --are not only human-proof; but God-proof too.

†. Gen 12:14 . .When Abram entered Egypt, the Egyptians saw how
very beautiful the woman was.


When men talk about a woman's beauty, they're not talking about the
sterling character of a woman like Ruth; no, they're talking about sex
appeal. (cf. Gen 6:1-2)

How did the Egyptians see she was a looker? Well, the dress code for women
in Sarai's day was nothing like totally unflattering burqas.

Depicted in a wall painting in the tomb of an Egyptian nobleman named
Khnum-hotpe, at Beni-Hasen on the Nile river, dating from about 1900 BC,
is a Semitic troupe passing customs to enter Egypt. The women are wearing
form-fitting, highly colored, sleeveless wrap-around dresses whose hems
stop at mid calf. Their décolletage swoops from the left shoulder to just
under the opposite armpit, leaving that side's shoulder completely bare.

Their hair-- fastened by a thin white ribbon around the forehead and covered
with neither a shawl, nor a scarf, nor a hijab --falls loosely over bosoms and
shoulders, and there's stylish little curls just in front of the ears. Adorning
their feet are dark brown, half-length boots. In attire like that, a woman with
any physical assets at all would be very easy to notice.

†. Gen 12:15a . . Pharaoh's courtiers saw her and praised her to
Pharaoh,


Webster's has a couple of definitions for "courtiers". They are people in
attendance at a royal court; and they are also people who practice flattery.
Apparently Pharaoh's toadies kept their eyes peeled for luscious women to
add to his harem; and thus gain for themselves his favor and approval;
ergo: they got to keep their jobs.

Their sighting of Sarai wasn't just happenstance. Entry into Egypt in those
days was tightly controlled and the only way in was past specified check
points. At one time in Egypt's past, there existed a long chain of forts,
watchtowers, and strong points designed to watch over immigration and
possible invasions by the Sand People from the east. The "wall" stretched
north and south across the desert approximately along the same path as
today's Suez Canal. Each check point was manned by armed soldiers
accompanied by officials of the Egyptian government; sort of like the
customs agents and border patrols of the modern world today.

†. Gen 12:15b . . and the woman was taken into Pharaoh's palace.

Not good. A woman in the harems of that day would never have a home of
her own nor freedom to travel. Never would she be allowed to pursue
romance nor to associate with her friends and relatives ever again.

†. Gen 12:16 . . And because of her, it went well with Abram; he
acquired sheep, oxen, jack donkeys, male and female slaves, jenny
donkeys, and camels.


Life is much better when you're connected. Because of Sarai, Abram was a
bit of a celebrity and thus treated very well.

So Abram is getting rich. After all, his sister is in the White House. You think
anyone is going to cheat him or make him pay full price for goods and
services? No way. If anything, people were more than willing to give him lots
of expensive gifts and deep discounts, hoping to remain in Pharaoh's good
graces by doing so.

But what's going on in Pharaoh's boudoir at night? There is just no way
Abram could block that out of his mind. If only he had believed God's
promise, Sarai's honor wouldn't be in such immediate danger of
compromise. Abram could have swaggered into Egypt totally fearless of
Pharaoh and his country; and kept his wife within her own camp, safe and
snug among her own people.

†. Gen 12:17 . . But the Lord afflicted Pharaoh and his household
with mighty plagues on account of Sarai, the wife of Abram.


I, for one, don't blame Pharaoh for any of that. It was totally Abram's fault.
Pharaoh and his courtiers were duped into thinking Sarai was available. How
could they have known she was spoken for?

Our hero didn't tell the Egyptians about his adventures with The Lord. All he
could think about was how to survive and stay alive. ¡Error! If he had
instead been a faithful witness for God, rather than looking out for his own
skin, I think things would have gone much better for Abram and Sarai down
there in Egypt.

But now they will be forcibly deported; in shame and disgrace. So, instead of
being a positive influence for their god, they became a very bad one. God's
people are supposed to believe in their god, and reflect that confidence to
others; and at the very least they ought to be honest. And God's people
should never be reluctant to tell others about their religion even if those
others appear to be pagan heathens.

†. Gen 12:18-20 . . Pharaoh sent for Abram and said: What is this
you have done to me! Why did you not tell me that she was your
wife? Why did you say "She is my sister" so that I took her as my
wife? Now, here is your wife; take her and begone! And Pharaoh put
men in charge of him, and they sent him off with his wife and all that
he possessed.


One can scarcely blame Mr. Pharaoh for blowing his top. Nobody likes to be
duped, especially monarchs.

Just exactly how Pharaoh found out that Sarai was Abram's wife is not said.
Probably the very same way King Abimelech discovered the truth about her
in a later incident. (Gen 20:1-7)

From a totally humanistic point of view, it would appear that God is terribly
unfair. I mean, after all, Pharaoh and Abimelech couldn't possibly have
known that Sarah was married, especially when both she and her husband
were telling people otherwise. But these incidents are valuable to reveal that
sin is just a wee bit more complicated than Man's inadequate little sense of
right and wrong is able to fully comprehend.

Well anyway; as the texts says: Abram acquired female slaves during this
brief stopover in Egypt; and quite possibly one of their names was-- you
guessed it --Ms. Hagar: the mother of Ishmael, the father of the Arab world;
from whence ultimately came Muhammad and the religion of Islam. Just
goes to show that chaos theory may not be 100% right, but it isn't 100%
wrong either.

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WebersHome

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Gen 13:1-11a

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†. Gen 13:1-2 . . From Egypt, Abram went up into the Negeb, with his
wife and all that he possessed, together with Lot. Now Abram was
very rich in cattle, silver, and gold.


The word for "rich" is from kabad (kaw-bad') which means: to be heavy, i.e.
in either a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense
(numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same two
senses); viz: which is why, I guess, we call the rich "loaded"

It was a piece of cake for Abram to pull up stakes and move around
wherever God wanted before he got so wealthy. Now it will be an
undertaking especially without power tools and mechanized conveyances.

NOTE: though it's not stated, I think it's probably pretty safe to assume that
Lot enjoyed the very same privileged status in Egypt that his uncle Abram
did due to their mutual relationship to Sarai; so that Lot came up out of
Egypt a very prosperous cattle baron.

†. Gen 13:3-7a . . And he proceeded by stages from the Negeb as far
as Bethel, to the place where his tent had been formerly, between
Bethel and Ai, the site of the altar that he had built there at first; and
there Abram invoked the Lord by name.

. . . Lot, who went with Abram, also had flocks and herds and tents,
so that the land could not support them staying together; for their
possessions were so great that they could not remain together. And
there was quarreling between the herdsmen of Abram's cattle and
those of Lot's cattle.


Grazing land can support only so many head of cattle per acre, and the land
was just recently recovering from a famine. Lot's drovers were squabbling
with Abram's over available grass; and probably the available water too. If
those men had barbed wire in that day, I'm sure they would have strung it.
Then the shootin' would have really started up!

†. Gen 13:7b . .The Canaanites and Perizzites were then dwelling in
the land.


How do you suppose Abram's and Lot's squabbling looked to the pagans?
When God's people can't get along, outsiders become disgusted with them
and they sure won't be influenced for God in a good way when Yhvh's people
are fighting amongst themselves like that.

Years ago, when I was a young welder just starting out on my own, I rented
a small room in a daylight basement from a man who was the senior pastor
of a medium-sized Seventh Day Adventist church in the Portland Oregon
area. He and his wife radiated the luster of polished spirituality whenever I
spoke with them out in the yard, but in my location under the floor of the
house, I could overhear their bitter quarrels upstairs behind closed doors.
Was I favorably inclined to attend his church? No.

†. Gen 13:8-9a . . Abram said to Lot: Let there be no strife between
you and me, between my herdsmen and yours, for we are kinsmen.
Is not the whole land before you?


Palestine was still pretty much a wild frontier in the 20th century BC.
Actually very little of it was private property. And what with no Bureau of
Land Management, the land out west from Ur was pretty much up for grabs
to anyone who had the moxie to take it. Abram and Lot remind me very
much of early day American pioneers and cattle barons.

†. Gen 13:9b . . Let us separate.

It wasn't an easy thing for Abram to be firm with his kin, and it was a
weakness in his spiritual life from day-one. He and Sarai were supposed to
leave their kin and come to Canaan alone. He wasn't supposed to take along
a nephew. But Abram just couldn't leave Lot behind. So now he and Lot are
separating with bad blood between them. And Lot's future is very uncertain
down in that God-less country away from his uncle Abram's patronage.

†. Gen 13:9c . . if you go north, I will go south; and if you go south, I
will go north.


Even though there was some bad blood now between Abram and Lot, the old
boy remained a gracious man. Being the senior of the two, Abram could
have pulled rank and claimed first dibs on the land. But he waived the
privileges of rank, and gave his nephew the choice. But, in point of fact,
Abram made Lot a promise that he could in no way guarantee to honor;
because it was God who ultimately dictated where Abram was to dwell in the
land.

†. Gen 13:10 . . Lot looked about him and saw how well watered was
the whole plain of the Jordan, all of it-- this was before the Lord had
destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah --all the way to Zoar, like the
garden of the Lord, like the land of Egypt.


The Jordan Valley slopes southward like a ramp from an altitude of roughly
685 feet below sea level at the Sea of Galilee to an elevation of 1,384 feet
below sea level at the Dead Sea. Water was Lot's primary concern and there
was plenty of it down there in that valley 4,000 years ago. Along with
overflow from the Sea of Galilee, was an abundance of wadis and streams
draining into the Jordan Valley from the highlands.

In its heyday, the Jordan poured about 1.3 billion cubic feet of water per
year into the Dead Sea. Today-- due to dams, diversions, and pumping -
only about 2 or 3 percent of those ancient billions reach the sea. In the last
century alone, the Sea's level declined 80 feet in just the sixty years
between 1939 and 1999.

In Abram's day, the Jordan Valley in the region between the Dead Sea and
the Sea of Galilee was well watered, fertile, and very appealing to a cattle
baron like Lot. It had some pretty good jungles too: home to lots of fierce
lions at one time.

NOTE: the Israel of today is just a dried up husk of its former environmental
glory. For example: Israel's lions, now extinct, once inhabited forests (Jer
5:6) mountain caves (Nahum 2:12) and the Jordan Valley (Jer 49:19).
Israel's bears (2Kgs 2:24) were eradicated in the early 20th century. The
closest kin to the bears that once roamed wild there are the Syrian brown
bears kept in the Biblical Zoo in Jerusalem.

What the world sees today in Palestine little resembles the land of milk and
honey into which Joshua brought Yhvh's people some 3,500 years ago; and
there's their own breaches of the covenant to thank for it.

"Even all nations shall say: Wherefore hath the Lord done thus unto this
land? what meaneth the heat of this great anger? Then men shall say:
Because they have forsaken the covenant of the Lord God of their fathers,
which He made with them when He brought them forth out of the land of
Egypt: for they went and served other gods, and worshipped them, gods
whom they knew not, and whom He had not given unto them: and the anger
of the Lord was kindled against this land, to bring upon it all the curses that
are written in this book" (Deut 29:24-27)

A menu of the curses is on public display at Lev 26:3-38, Deut 27:15-26,
and Deut 28:1-69.

†. Gen 13:11a . . So Lot chose for himself the whole plain of the
Jordan, and Lot journeyed eastward.


Today a descent down to Jericho from Bethel (modern Beitin) would be close
to a 4,000 foot drop in elevation. Whooee! That'll sure make your ears pop!

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WebersHome

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Gen 13:11b-13

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†. Gen 13:11b . .Thus they parted from each other;

That must have been a weird feeling for both men. They had been together
since Ur.

I think Lot actually possessed more mettle than uncle Abram: mostly
because he had the moxie to go off on his own into a totally strange region
with absolutely no assurance that God would travel with him. Explorers like
Columbus, Cortez, Balboa, and Magellan have that kind of nerve: they're
strong and confident. But I don't think Abram ever was like that. I seriously
doubt he would have left Haran at all had not God called him to it. I believe
it was only the assurance of divine patronage that gave Abram the courage
to travel far from home in that day.

†. Gen 13:12a . . Abram remained in the land of Canaan, while Lot
settled in the cities of the Plain,


Cities in that day didn't in any way resemble the huge sprawling
metropolises of the present. We would no doubt regard them as little more
than fortified hamlets. Some of the cities of the plain were Sodom, Admah,
Zeboiim, Gomorrah, and Bela; which is Zoar. Jericho was in existence then
too and no doubt a major population center in that region.

†. Gen 13:12b . . pitching his tents near Sodom.

Logistically that was a pretty sensible arrangement. By living amongst those
cities, Lot had a ready market for his livestock; and a source of goods and
services he could use out on the ranch. There was something special about
Sodom that magnetized him though because he eventually moved his family
into town. I think Mrs. Lot may have had a little something to do with that.
Not too many women enjoy rough-country living out in the middle of
nowhere. Most prefer being near the conveniences of neighbors, shopping,
and services.

†. Gen 13:13 . . Now the inhabitants of Sodom were very wicked
sinners against the Lord.


The precise location of ancient Sodom is uncertain. Some feel it was sited at
the south end of the Dead Sea; but it's really hard to know for sure.
According to Gen 14:1-3, the communities of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah,
Zeboiim, and Zoar were situated in an area of the Jordan Valley that the
Bible labels "the vale of Siddim; which is the salt sea". Meaning of course
that it was the salt sea when somebody wrote that section but wasn't always
inundated in the ancient past.

The Hebrew word for Siddim means flats; viz: a flood plain; for example
river valleys; which are of course subject to seasonal flooding. Personally, if
it were me; I would have emplaced my community at the north end of the
vale rather than south since the north end was the better location for a
ready supply of fresh water from the Jordan River for homes and farming.

The author's choice of words is curious. The flatlanders weren't just sinners;
they were "very wicked" sinners; and not just very wicked sinners, but very
wicked sinners "against" the Lord; which suggests outright insolence,
impudence, and defiance; viz: standing up to God and asserting one's
independence.

NOTE: Everything in Genesis occurred quite a few years prior to the
institution of the Ten Commandments so God couldn't prosecute the vale's
people for breaking any one specific law as per Israel's covenant. He actually
came down on them for pretty much the same reason He came down on the
antediluvians-- for ignoring Him.

"And Yhvh said: My Spirit shall not strive with man forever (Gen 6:3a)

"And this is the condemnation: light is come into the world, and men loved
darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil." (John 3:19)

How could the people of the vale be adjudged defiant if they had no clue
God disapproved their lifestyle? Well; it's interesting that we today tend to
count only published men like Isaiah and Jeremiah as prophets. But God has
had numbers of prophets out and about in the ancient world whose names
we've never heard of. For example: at 1Kgs 19:14, Elijah complained that
he was one man alone standing for God in Israel; but unknown to him,
Obadiah had hidden a hundred prophets in a cave. (1Kgs 18:4 and 18:13)

Abram is listed as a prophet (Gen 20:7). And in point to fact, God has had
prophets out and about ever since Abel (Luke 11:50-51). But the most
notable prophet in the days of Sodom and Gomorrah was a priest named
Melchizedek. (Gen 14:18-20. According to Mal 2:7, priests aren't just for
rituals; but also for teaching. Malachi labels priests Yhvh's "messengers"
which is from the very same Hebrew word for angels; which tells me we
should never assume that the word "angel" eo ipso indicates a celestial
emissary. It could just as easily be a human agent on a divine mission.

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Gen 13:14-17

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†. Gen 13:14-15 . . And the Lord said to Abram, after Lot had parted
from him: Raise your eyes and look out from where you are, to the
north and south, to the east and west, for I give all the land that you
see to you and your offspring forever.


Oh the irony of it! If Lot went off only to the Jordan Valley to stake a claim
for his own progeny, then he didn't go far enough away because from
Abram's vantage he could see eastward clear across the Jordan valley and
over into Moab (the Hashemite kingdom of Jordan) and far past the five
cities of the Plain. So Abram, and his progeny, were promised eternal
ownership of not only the highlands of Canaan, but in addition, also the
whole Jordan Valley where Lot moved-- and beyond.

†. Gen 13:16 . . I will make your offspring as the dust of the earth,
so that if one can count the dust of the earth, then your offspring too
can be counted.


I just hope Abram remembers what God said the next time he feels inclined
to fib in order to save his skin. Will he never catch on that he cannot die
until God makes good on the promises regarding his progeny?

Abram's biological progeny descend not only from Isaac, but also from
Ishmael and the other boys too. But his progeny shouldn't be construed to
be exactly equal to the number of bits of dust that make up the earth's soil.
The expression is a common Old Testament colloquialism for very large
quantities (e.g. Gen 41:49, Josh 11:4, Judg 7:12, 1Sam 13:5, 2Sam 17:11,
1Kgs 4:29, Job 29:18, Ps 78:27; et al). The meaning is that they would
simply become too numerous to count. Later God will liken the number of
Abram's offspring to the sand at the beach. Same thing there too-- not the
precise number of grains, but a number so great that any attempt to count
them would be futile-- same with the stars.

Abram lived somewhere in the neighborhood of the 20th century BC;
roughly five hundred years after completion of the Pyramid of Khafre at
Giza. So Abram lived about 4,000 years ago. Millions and millions of Abram's
kin have lived and died since then. And it's not over yet, not by a long sea
mile.

NOTE: not only were civilizations in Egypt great at this time, but elsewhere
too; for example the ancient city of Harappa that was once located in the
Indus River Valley of northwest India: a site now located in Pakistan.
Harappa was a fairly large city of something like 23,500 people; and still in
its heyday during the time of Abraham. And the Maya, famous for their
apocalyptic calendar; were blooming in and around what is now the Yucatán
Peninsula. By the time of Abraham, people had really spread out from the
tower of Babel; and world development was happening by leaps and bounds.

In Messiah's future millennial kingdom, Abraham's people will multiply
exceedingly because they will all enjoy very long life spans and engender
large families. The Bible says that a man of 100 years age in Israel will be
regarded as a mere child in that era. (Isa 65:20)

Abram's offspring truly cannot be tallied; not now or ever. Only The
Almighty could ever get the number right because all the souls belonging to
Abram, among both the dead and the living, have become so numerous.

†. Gen 13:17 . . Up, walk about the land, through its length and its
breadth, for I give it to you.


It's notable that God said: I give it to you. The land was Abram's possession
right then and there and no one can ever take it away from him. Not even
Almighty God can take it away from Abram now because once The Lord
gives His word, He is bound to it like a ball and chain (Rom 11:28-29). That
should be a comfort to Abram's progeny, throughout all the ages, that once
God gives His word on something, He has to make good on it.

"May your steadfast love reach me, O Lord, your deliverance, as you have
promised. I shall have an answer for those who taunt me, for I have put my
trust in your word." (Ps 119:41-42)

Although Abram lacked sovereign control over his real estate at the time, it
was his possession nevertheless.

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Gen 13:18

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†. Gen 13:18a . . And Abram moved his tent, and came to dwell at the
terebinths of Mamre, which are in Hebron;


Hebron (Hevron) itself is today a city of over 70,000 people located about 20
miles south of Jerusalem at an elevation of 3,050 feet above sea level.
Hebron is sacred in Jewish history; but a very dangerous place to live today
what with all the Palestinian troubles going on in Israel.

The word for "terebinths" is 'elown (ay-lone') which means: an oak, or other
strong tree. Oaks, especially the very old, large ones; were important
meeting places. Near where I live in Oregon, there's a site called Five Oaks,
named after the five oak trees that once thrived there. In pre White Man
days, local Native Americans met at those trees for pow-wows.

Mamre, an Amorite named up ahead in Gen 14:24, was one of Abram's
allies. The oaks of Mamre were apparently named after him; who some
believe was a local sheik or a chieftain.

In Abraham's day; Canaan was thinly populated. It was in fact a land of no
law and no order. The inhabitants lived in a state of constant readiness. The
widely-scattered townships were veritable islands in the middle of nowhere;
and vulnerable to daring attacks by the desert nomads. Suddenly, and when
least expected, those predatory nomads sprang upon unwary people with
indiscriminate butchery, carrying off cattle and crops. There was endless war
between the plundering, tent dwelling hordes, and the settled farmers and
cattle barons. It was probably for that very reason that Abram was allied
with Mamre.

†. Gen 13:18b . . and he built an altar there to the Lord.

Abram's altars testify to the fact that his worship wasn't restricted to a
special location. Later; Israel's covenanted law would do that very thing; but
Abram wasn't under its jurisdiction so he was at liberty to sacrifice wherever
it pleased him. This is an important Bible axiom; viz: law cannot be broken
where it doesn't exist. (Rom 4:15, Rom 5:13, Gal 3:17)

NOTE: It was in the interests of trade that Egypt, in 3000 BC, was the first
great power to stretch out its tentacles towards Canaan. A hard diorite
tablet, listing the details of a ship's cargo of timber for Pharaoh Snefru, is
stored in the museum at Palermo. Its date is 2700 BC. Dense woods covered
the slopes of Lebanon then. The excellent wood from its cedars and meru (a
kind of conifer) were just what the Pharaohs needed for their elaborate
building schemes.

Five hundred years prior to Abram's day, there was already a flourishing
import and export trade on the Canaanite coast. Egypt exchanged gold and
spices from Nubia, copper and turquoise from the mines at Sinai, and linen
and ivory for silver from Taurus, leather goods from Byblos, and painted
vases from Crete. In the great Phoenician dye works, well to do Egyptians
had their robes dyed purple. For their society women, they bought lapis
lazuli blue-- eyelids dyed blue were all the rage --and stibium, a cosmetic
which was highly prized by the ladies for touching up their eyelashes.

The coastal communities of Canaan presented a picture of cosmopolitan life
which was busy, prosperous, and even luxurious; but just a few miles inland
lay a world of glaring contrast. Bedouin attacks, insurrections, and feuds
between towns were common.

A much more profitable enterprise than pillaging villages in malicious and
barbaric fashion, was to hold them hostage; kind of like the plight of the
villagers in the movie: The Magnificent Seven. To avoid being murdered and
ravaged, the villagers gave the lion's share of their Gross National Product to
the bullies. It was just that sort of scenario that resulted in the capture of
the cities of the Plain while Lot was living down there among them.

Aside: though I would not care to live in Abram's day; I can't help but envy
some of his advantages. There was no light pollution, no air pollution, no
water pollution, no soil pollution, and no aquifer pollution. All his fruits and
vegetables, all of them, were 100% organic. Nobody fattened pigs and cows
with genetically modified grains-- overcrowded and standing ankle deep in
their own droppings --in an intrinsically unsanitary concentrated animal
feeding operation; so there was no E.coli 0157:H7 to fear. All livestock was
grass-fed outdoors on open pasture lands, which produces a medically safer,
nutritionally superior, grade of meat compared to grain.

It's now believed among health experts that the current generation of
America's little children won't, on average, live as long as their parents and
the reason for that is just simply nutrition. Though American kids today have
an abundance of relatively cheap foods to choose from; they're not the same
quality as the foods that people from my generation grew up on. Though
modern foods suffice to fill children's tummies; they're hurting the little
ones' chances of survival to a ripe old age.

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Gen 14:1-4a

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†. Gen 14:1 . . Now, when King Amraphel of Shinar, King Arioch of
Ellasar, King Chedorlaomer of Elam, and King Tidal of nations.


Shinar was the whole of Babylonia; Ellasar was the leading tribe in its
southern part; and Elam was the original kingdom of Persia.

The Hebrew word for "nations" is gowy (go'-ee) a word wielded by some
Jews as a racial epithet to indicate non-Jewish peoples. But gowy isn't really
all that specific. The people of Israel are called gowy at Gen 18:18, and
Jacob, the father of the twelve tribes, is called a gowy at Gen 25:23. Gowy
really just simply indicates a massing; e.g. a herd of animals and/or a horde
of locusts; which when extended, indicates a particular people; e.g. Iroquois,
Maya, Inuit, Chinese, Pacific Islanders, Japanese, and/or Arabs, et al.

Mr. Tidal was probably the chief of a large confederacy consisting of
mongrel, multi racial people; possibly a tribal area in northeastern
Babylonia. America is a perfect example of Tidal's confederacy because it's a
melting pot of assimilation, intermarriage, and diverse races, cultures,
languages, and nationalities. The only true Americans in America are its
indigenous peoples. Everybody else is either an immigrant or the posterity of
an immigrant.

At one time, Amraphel was thought to be Hammurabi; the great king of
Babylon. But it's now widely agreed that Hammurabi didn't arrive on the
scene until many years later. The other kings remain a mystery too, having
not yet been archaeologically identified.

†. Gen 14:2 . . made war on King Bera of Sodom, King Birsha of
Gomorrah, King Shinab of Admah, King Shemeber of Zeboiim, and
the king of Bela, which is Zoar,


None of these men were "kings" in the fashion that we today think of
royalty. They were more like mayors, sheiks, or chieftains. And they didn't
actually have extensive realms; nor very much jurisdiction beyond the very
community each one dominated.

Canaanite cities weren't really serious municipalities; but rather more like
fortified hamlets-- much like the strategic villages in Viet Nam; except that
just about all Canaanite towns were enclosed within stone walls made of
rough boulders about six feet in diameter. Archaeologists call this type of
wall a Cyclops wall. The boulder walls were usually combined with an
escarpment and reinforced with earthen revetments.

Canaanite towns doubled as forts; places of refuge in time of danger,
whether from sudden attack by nomadic bands or from civil wars among the
Canaanites themselves. Towering perimeter walls invariably enclosed small
areas, not much bigger than Ste. Peter's Square in Rome. Each of these
town-forts had a water supply, but weren't really suitable for housing large
populations in permanent homes.

Inside the walls lived only the chieftain, the aristocracy, wealthy merchants,
and even sometimes Egyptian representatives. The rest of the inhabitants of
the township-- the ranchers and farmers, the vassals and the servants and
the serfs-- lived outside the walls; often in tents or simple mud hogans or
wattle huts. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob all lived in tents; viz: pavilions.

In Tell el-Hesi, probably Eglon, the town proper was just over an acre. In
Tell es-Safi, formerly Gath, it was twelve acres. In Tell el-Zakariyah,
formerly Megiddo, the same amount. Gezer, on the road from Jerusalem to
Jaffa, occupied just over twenty acres. Even in the more built up area of
Jericho, the inner fortified wall, the Acropolis proper, enclosed a space of
little more than five acres; yet Jericho was an important city and one of the
strongest fortresses in the country.

So the five cities of the Plain were nothing to brag about-- well, maybe in
their day they might have been notable enough amongst their
contemporaries.

†. Gen 14:3 . . all the latter joined forces at the Valley of Siddim, now
the Dead Sea.


The vale of Siddim has pretty much always contained massive amounts of
water. In its early history; the vale contained a blend of ocean waters from
the Red Sea and the fresh waters of the Jordan River and that's because the
vale hasn't always been land-locked like it is today. At one time the earth's
crust south of the Sea was lower; allowing ocean water to ebb in and out of
the vale of Siddim like a huge San Diego Bay; but over time, the earth
buckled and bulged to block the vale's access to ocean water. The author
apparently knew the Sea's natural history and that's why he called it the
"now" dead sea because there was a time when it was far more ecologically
healthy than in his day.

†. Gen 14:4a . .Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer,

Apparently El Ched was the instigator behind the extortion scheme holding
Sodom and its neighbors economically hostage. The other kings who came
along with him to Canaan were just reinforcements to back his play. You
have to wonder how The Ched ever found the Valley of Siddim in the first
place and what in the world motivated him to travel so far from home.

Ched's home turf, Elam, is a well-known tract, partly mountainous, whose
western boundary, starting on the northeast side of the Persian Gulf,
practically followed the course of the lower Tigris. It was bounded on the
north by Media, on the east by Persia and on the west by Babylonia. The
Assyro-Babylonians called the tract Elamtu, expressed ideographically by the
Sumerian characters for Nimma or Numma, which seems to have been its
name in that language. As Numma, or Elam, apparently mean height, or the
like, these names were probably applied to it on account of its mountainous
nature.

Another name by which it was known in early times was Ashshan-- or
Anshan --or Anzan, (Anzhan) --one of its ancient cities. The great capital of
the tract, however, was Susa (Shushan), whence its Greek name of Susiana,
interchanging with Elymais, from the semitic Elam. Shushan is famous for its
stories of Esther and Nehemiah.

The modern-day city of Ahvaz Iran is a pretty good locator for the region of
Elam. If you have a map handy you can readily see just how far The Ched
traveled to reach the Jordan Valley. Even if he came straight over by
helicopter, it's at least 780 miles.

It's amazing the distances that conquerors traveled on foot and the backs of
animals in ancient times. Hannibal crossed the Pyrenees and the Alps, with
elephants no less, to attack northern Italy. But even just getting to the far
sides of those mountain ranges from Carthage was itself an arduous journey
sans mechanical conveyances It's no surprise then that the Second Punic
War lasted nigh unto seventeen years.

In the past; it took armies a long time just to get to the battlefields before
they even did any fighting. Invaders from China thought nothing of skirting
the Himalayas and entering India via the Khyber Pass in order to conduct
campaigns in the Ganges River Valley. I really have to wonder sometimes
how commanders kept their armies from becoming discouraged by all that
travel and by all that time away from home.

That situation actually befell Alexander the Great. After eight years and
17,000 miles, his weary army refused to campaign anymore in India and
mutinied at the Hyphasis River (today's Beas). Abandoning his ambition to
conquer lands and peoples more distant to the east of Greece than any man
before him, including his father Philip, the young commander had no choice
but to turn back.

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