[1Sa 17:54 KJV]
And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent.
It is impossible for anybody to deny this. Or be confused about it.
Can you quote some verses from Samuel and elsewhere to attempt to solve a contradiction. The warrior
David kills Goliath but David is not king at that time. Only when David becomes King does David conquer
Jerusalem. So the warrior David cannot take the head of Goliath to Jerusalem. The Jebusites control Jerusalem
when David is a warrior. That's the contradiction.
I will let Chat GPT adjudicate.
Chat GPT said:
This is an interesting question regarding the chronology of David's life and actions as described in the Bible. The apparent contradiction arises from the account in
1 Samuel 17:54, where David, after killing Goliath, is said to bring
Goliath's head to Jerusalem:
"David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put his armor in his tent." (1 Samuel 17:54, ESV)
However, as you note, at this point in the narrative, Jerusalem is still under Jebusite control and is not conquered by David until much later, during his reign as king, as described in
2 Samuel 5:6-9:
"The king and his men went to Jerusalem against the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, who said to David, ‘You will not come in here, but the blind and the lame will ward you off’—thinking, ‘David cannot come in here.’ Nevertheless, David took the stronghold of Zion, that is, the city of David." (2 Samuel 5:6-7, ESV)
Attempts to Reconcile the Contradiction
- Anticipation of Jerusalem's Significance: Some scholars suggest that David bringing Goliath's head to Jerusalem is a symbolic action foreshadowing its future importance. Even though the city was under Jebusite control at the time, David may have chosen it as a destination because of its centrality and spiritual significance in Israelite tradition.
- A Later Editorial Note: Another explanation is that 1 Samuel 17:54 could be a later editorial insertion reflecting knowledge of Jerusalem's eventual status under David. The event may have been "retrojected" into the earlier narrative for theological or literary purposes.
- A Different Part of Jerusalem: Some commentators propose that David brought Goliath’s head to a location near Jerusalem, rather than the fortified Jebusite city itself. For example, some traditions associate the skull with the region of Golgotha, which later became significant in Christian tradition.
- Historical Chronology vs. Theological Message: The biblical narratives often prioritize theological themes over strict chronological accuracy. The reference to Jerusalem could reflect its later significance in David's story rather than a precise historical event.
- Jerusalem as a Broad Geographical Term: It is possible that "Jerusalem" in 1 Samuel 17:54 refers not to the fortified Jebusite stronghold but to a broader region or nearby area under Israelite influence.
Summary
While the text of
1 Samuel 17:54 seems to conflict with the historical control of Jerusalem by the Jebusites, various explanations, including symbolic foreshadowing, editorial perspectives, or geographical nuances, attempt to resolve the issue. The narrative focus remains on highlighting David's divine favor and his role in God's plan for Israel.