I honestly think they hated Him for the same reason we still hate Him today. He shows us we are wrong, that "our way" is futile. We people can not stand to be told "you are wrong" at all, ever. In this "P.C. culture" we live in today that is the worst thing you can possibly do to someone. Not only is saying "you're wrong" completely out of bounds to most, but even the mere suggestion that someone is wrong is enough to trigger some. I understand why too, when you deny God in your worldview then try to construct any kind of moral system at all you only have left is opinion to work with. That's why we are told today that we are anything we "feel" like we are, and look what we do with this kind of thinking as fallen men. We teach our children (in the public school systems) that they are accidental highly evolved bacteria, flying on less than a dust particle in a universe that does not care about them, right and wrong is subjective and what we make it, there is no justice ahead, just "blind pitiless indifference"- Richard Dawkins, and to be very honest if there was no God the all of that would be true.
The thing is there is a God, and when we are confronted with that God then our own failing are exposed and we HATE that. I believe that was why they hated Him, they loved the world and what it offered them so once confronted with truth and their own sins from not only a Holy God, but also the only sinless Man to walk the earth with no way to rebuke or find any falsehood in His words, it made them steaming mad, the same way it still does to this very day. That's my thoughts on the matter anyway, have a great day.