Poverty - having a stake in the community
Society works at some very basic levels. If young people have a real part in the society, a job, a future, a way of having a family and being happy, society often is stable. But take this away, dismiss intelligent resourceful people and they will work to make another society that works better for them.
If you own a house, have facilities provided by the local council, have electricity, water, heating, education, transport you are literally integrated into the community and have much to loose.
Massive communities of townships, of self built residences without permission or legal rights, no running water, sewage systems etc. this is a counter culture, which has little need to obey rules etc. because it exists outside the system.
If you want to build an integrated whole you need to transform these communities into functioning communities with support services. It will though take time, effort and organisation. This is what should be happening with the freedom South Africa now has, but it appears this is not happening. Why not?