A Deeper Dive Into What Mercy Means
Let's start with a Davidic psalm, then appeal to a couple of supporting passages and then end this discussion with an example from the life of King David.
Ps 103:8-10
8 The LORD is compassionate and gracious,
slow to anger, abounding in love.
9 He will not always accuse,
nor will he harbor his anger forever;
10
he does not treat us as our sins deserve
or repay us according to our iniquities.
NIV
Just as compassion and mercy, in scripture, are often paired together (Ex 33:19; Deut 13:17, etc.), so too are compassion and grace (2Ki 13:23l 2Chron 30:9, etc.). And what drives both pairs is God's love. Either his love for his chosen people, or love he had for the Patriarchs, or his great love for the Messiah to come or even his love for justice or for what is good generally. The pagan Persian king Cyrus comes immediately to mind as a prime example of his love for Israel since God raised up Cyrus to be a kind, compassionate, sympathetic and merciful ruler over his people; for it was by his decree that the Jews returned to their Land. And so for the sake of God's chosen ones, He was also merciful to Cyrus himself not only by withholding from this pagan king what he rightly deserved (since he never acknowledged the God of Heaven) but also by bestowing temporal blessings upon him as well.
The emphasis in the passage above is what God did NOT do! The emphasis is more on his "compassion" rather than his grace. The emphasis is on the negatives that are highlighted above. Verse 10 gets to the heart of what some us have been saying for a long time: Mercy (or compassion) do NOT treat us as our sins deserve. Mercy or compassion do NOT repay us as our sins deserve. (David was deliberately redundant in this passage to make this point loud and clear!) The analogy of the earthly judge in my 5100 harmonizes nicely with verse 10!
The judge after granting mercy to the criminal, did not have to go beyond that. But if he had, that Mercy would have morphed into Grace.
But we don't have to rely on just this one passage alone. Consider these texts, please:
Ezra 9:13
13 "What has happened to us is a result of our evil deeds and our great guilt, and yet, our God, you have punished us less than our sins have deserved and have given us a remnant like this.
NIV
The example of how God dealt with Solomon's sin below teaches us the truth that is stated above:
1 Kings 11:34-36
34 " 'But I will NOT take the whole kingdom out of Solomon's hand; I have made him ruler all the days of his life for the sake of David my servant, whom I chose and who observed my commands and statutes. 35 I will take the kingdom from his son's hands and give you ten tribes. 36 I will give one tribe to his son so that David my servant may always have a lamp before me in Jerusalem, the city where I chose to put my Name.
NIV
In other words, God did not treat Solomon as his sins deserved. God was merciful to him.
And then this:
Job 42:7-9
7 After the LORD had said these things to Job, he said to Eliphaz the Temanite, "I am angry with you and your two friends, because you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has.
8 So now take seven bulls and seven rams and go to my servant Job and sacrifice a burnt offering for yourselves. My servant Job will pray for you, and I will accept his prayer and NOT deal with you according to your folly. You have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has." 9 So Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite did what the LORD told them; and the LORD accepted Job's prayer.
NIV
Again, God did NOT deal with Job's three friends according to their folly. He was merciful to them, for he accepted their sacrifices through Job and his prayer and forgave them, but he did nothing beyond that.
One more example -- this one from the life of David. Most of us, I presume, are familiar with David's great sin of the Census-taking. As you recall, Joab was dead set against David's plan and told him so. But the king insisted. After the census was taken, David became very convicted of his sin (2Sam 24:10). He cried out to God to
take away his guilt. In other words, to forgive him. To be merciful to him by removing his sin.
As the story unfolds, the prophet Gad visited David and God through his prophet offered David three punishment options: 3 years of famine in the land, 3 months of fleeing from Israel's enemies or 3 days of plague (24:12). David was to choose one of the 3 doors. This is how David responded:
2 Sam 24:14
14 David said to Gad, "I am in deep distress. Let us fall into the hands of the LORD,
for his mercy is great; but do not let me fall into the hands of men."
NIV
David, obviously, believed that God would be merciful to him and not deal with Israel as David's folly deserved. So, he chose the punishment that would come straight from God: a great plague. And David chose wisely, as it turned out. After the angel of the Lord smited 70,000 Israelites and was about ready to bring the hammer down on Jerusalem, God
mercifully relented and commanded his angel to "withdraw your hand" (24:16).
David was so convicted of his own sin that he offered his own life and the life of his family in exchange for the Israelites (24:17). David had great faith in God's mercy.
John the Baptist famously said:
John 1:29
29 The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God ,
which taketh away the sin of the world.
KJV
In other words, Behold the Lamb who forgives the sin of the world -- who takes away the world's guilt. But would forgiveness
ALONE
suffice for the sons men? Or would a salvation that entails infinitely more than forgiveness, as great as that is, be required? Could forgiveness alone justify us by imputing Christ's righteousness to our souls? Could forgiveness alone deliver us from sin's relentless power and mastery over us? Could forgiveness alone promise to deliver us from the future presence of all sin throughout all eternity? The answers to all these questios are a resounding
NO!!! It took more than Mercy and Compassion. It also takes the POWER of God's Effectual Grace because Mercy alone could never make us God's New Creation. It takes nothing less than Supernatural Power to pull that off! It takes a resurrection from the dead. It takes a new birth from above. It takes a transformed mind. It takes a circumcised heart. It takes a New Creation.
Here is a Maxim we can all take to the bank:
God's Grace Begins Where His Mercy Ends; but the latter never necessitates the former.