Is there any way of knowing how long the disciples were with Jesus before He sent the 12 out, and how long the 12 were away for?
ref. Mark 6:7
I’m not sure the amount of time matters because they were chosen and ordained to be his witnesses and apostles beforehand
“And he goeth up into a mountain, and
calleth unto him whom he would: and they came unto him. And
he ordained twelve, that they should be with him, and that he might send them forth to preach, and to have power to heal sicknesses, and to cast out devils: and Simon he surnamed Peter; and James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James; and he surnamed them Boanerges, which is, The sons of thunder: and Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphæus, and Thaddæus, and Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Iscariot, which also betrayed him: and they went into an house.”
Mark 3:13-19 KJV
“
Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, and ordained you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain: that whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he may give it you. …..But
when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me: and ye also shall bear witness, because ye have been with me from the beginning.”
John 15:16, 26-27 KJV
“until the day in which he was taken up, after that he
through the Holy Ghost had given commandments unto the apostles whom he had chosen: and, being assembled together with them, commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the
promise of the Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me. ….But ye shall receive power, after that
the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judæa, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.”
Acts 1:2, 4, 8
If God chooses and annoints and sounds you filled with the Holy Ghost it wouldn’t matter how long you had been with him physically it doesn’t seem it had been long , even if you read the contemporary accounts it seems to have been near the beginning of his ministry
“And when
he had called unto him his twelve disciples, he gave them power against unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all manner of sickness and all manner of disease.”
Matthew 10:1 KJV
That seems to be the important part they were called and appointed by him he was preparing the people to hear him
“Then he called
his twelve disciples together, and
gave them power and authority over all devils, and to cure diseases. And
he sent them to preach the kingdom of God, and to heal the sick.”
Luke 9:1-2
“After these things
the Lord appointed other seventy also, and
sent them two and two before his face into every city and place, whither he himself would come.”
Luke 10:1 KJV
It’s also important regarding prophetic fulfillment and the patterns in Moses law
“And
the LORD said unto Moses, Gather unto me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom thou knowest to be the elders of the people, and officers over them; and bring them unto the tabernacle of the congregation, that they may stand there with thee. And I will come down and talk with thee there:
and I will take of the spirit which is upon thee, and will put it upon them; and they shall
bear the burden of the people with thee, that thou bear it not thyself alone.”
Numbers 11:16-17