Christ spent his ministry teaching his followers to obey the Mosaic Law by word and by example, so while it is possible for someone to interpret Acts 15 as ruling that followers of Christ shouldn't follow over 99% of what he taught, I don't think that it is correct to do that. The topic that they were discussing was not whether followers of Christ should follow Christ but whether salvation is by circumcision (Acts 15:1) or by grace (Acts 15:11).
In Matthew 4:15-23, Jesus began his ministry with the Gospel message to repent for the Kingdom of God is at hand, which was a light to the Gentiles, and the Law of Moses was how his audience knew what sin is (Romans 3:20), so repenting from our disobedience to it is a central part of the Gospel message, which Peter argued in Acts 15:6-7 that Gentiles had heard and believed, so he was siding with the Pharisees from among the believers (Acts 15:5) against the men from Judea (Acts 15:1). In Ezekiel 36:26-27, God will take away our hearts of stone, give us hearts of flesh, and send His spirit to lead us in obedience to the Mosaic Law, which is in accordance with Peter arguing in Acts 15:8-9 that Gentiles had received the Spirit and had their hearts cleansed, so again he was agreeing with the Pharisees. In Psalm 119:29-30, he wanted to put false ways far form him, for God to be gracious to him by teaching him to obey the Mosaic Law, and he chose the way of faith by setting it before him, so this has always been the one and only way of salvation by grace through faith, which is in accordance with Peter arguing in Acts 15:10-11 that Gentiles are saved by grace just as we are, so again he came firmly down on the side of the Pharisees.
Either Acts 15:19-21 contains an exhaustive list for mature believers or it does not, so it would be contradictory for someone to treat it as being an exhaustive list in order to limit which laws Gentiles should follow while also treating it as being a non-exhaustive list by taking the position that there are obviously other laws that Gentiles should follow. It was not given as an exhaustive list for mature believers but as a list intended to avoid making things too difficult for new believers coming to faith, which they exceed by saying that Gentiles would continue to learn about how to obey Moses by hearing him taught every Sabbath in the synagogues.
So the heavy burden that no one could bear does not refer to the Mosaic Law, but to a means of salvation that is an alternative to salvation by grace, namely salvation by circumcision. In Romans 10:5-8, Paul referred to Deuteronomy 30:11-20 as the word of faith hat we proclaim in regard to proclaiming that the Law of Moses is not too difficult for us to obey and that obedience to it brings life and a blessing while disobedience brings death and a curse, so choose life! So Acts 15:10 has been referring to the Mosaic Law, then they would have been dying the word of faith that we proclaim, they would have been in direct disagreement with God, and they would have been ruling that Gentiles should choose death and a curse instead of life and a blessing. In 1 John 5:3, to love God is to obey His commandments, which are not burdensome, so if Acts 15:10 has been referring the the Mosaic Law, then they would have been ruling that Gentiles should not love God and denying that His commandments are not burdensome. The Psalms also express an extremely positive view of obeying the Mosaic Law such as with David repeatedly saying that he loved it and delighted in obeying it, so if Acts 15:10 had been referring to the Mosaic Law, then they would have been expressing a view of obeying it that is incompatible with the view that the Psalms are Scripture.
God's character traits are eternal, so the way to know God through embody His character traits has existed from the beginning regardless of when God gave instructions for how to do that, which means that all of the Mosaic Law has existed from the beginning, not just the Ten Commandments. In Jeremiah 31:33, it uses the Hebrew word "Torah", which refers to the Mosaic Law, not to just the Ten Commandments. The New Covenant is made with the same God with the same character traits and therefore the same eternal and cumulatively valid instructions for how to know Him by embodying His character traits. If anyone has the goal of knowing God, then they will follow the instructions that God have given for how to do that regardless of which covenant they are under, if any.
Everything in the Law of Moses is either in regard to how to love God or how to love our neighbor, which is why Jesus said in Matthew 22:36-40 that those are the greatest two commandments and that all of the other commandments hang on them, so the position that we should obey the greatest two commandments is also the position that we should obey the commandments that hang on them. For example, if we love God and our neighbor, then we won't commit idolatry, murder, adultery, or theft, but we also won't commit favoritism, rape, kidnapping, and so forth for the rest of the Mosaic Law. The purpose of the Mosaic Law is to teach us how to draw closer to God through embodying His character traits, so while I agree that we should start off slow in order to avoid overwhelming new believers, we should also not neglect to teach them the fullness of how to know, love, glory, believe in, and testify about about God by embodying His character traits.