Did not Jesus descend and not ascend after the was crucified--to Paradise
9 (What does “he ascended” mean except that he also descended to the lower, earthly regions EPH 4
Paul the apostle refers to heaven as paradise. The only time Jesus uses the term is:
“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise.”—Luke 23:43
This is the sole instance in the Gospels. He never says, “Today you will be with me in
heaven,” nor does He elsewhere call heaven
paradise. When Jesus told the thief, “Today you will be with me in paradise,” He was doing what He often does—speaking in a way that overturns the listener’s expectations. Most readers assume “paradise” means “heaven,” but the word Jesus used (
paradeisos) originally referred to a
garden enclosure, the kind of walled, tended space often found around burial sites. In the immediate context, Jesus was not promising the thief an escape from death but preparing him for the reality that
God was not going to intervene to spare them. They were going to die, and they were going to be buried. Jesus’ promise, then, is not a declaration of instant entrance into heaven but a pastoral assurance:
You will not face death alone; you will join me in the place where our bodies will rest until God acts. In other words, Jesus reframes the moment—not by offering premature triumph, but by promising His presence in the grave itself.
We know Jesus was not speaking of heavenly ascent when He told the thief, “Today you will be with me in paradise,” because Jesus Himself clarifies the timeline only three days later. When He meets Mary in the garden after His resurrection, He tells her plainly, “I have not yet ascended to the Father.” That means whatever “paradise” He promised the thief, it was
not the heavenly presence of the Father, because Jesus had not yet gone there. Instead, the sequence is clear: Jesus died, was buried in a garden tomb, and the thief died and was buried as well. The Father then raised Jesus from the dead, but His
ascent to the heavenly paradise—the realm of the Father—occurred
after His resurrection appearances to the disciples. In other words, Jesus joined the thief in the
earthly garden of death, not in the heavenly paradise. The promise was not premature glory but faithful companionship:
You will not face death alone; you will be with Me until the Father acts.