The Eastern Orthodox Church observes the Dormition of the Theotokos, which holds that the Theotokos died, not voluntarily as her Son, but by the necessity of her mortal human nature. She was then resurrected and called up to Heaven. The Orthodox Church views this as the first fruits of the
Resurrection of the Faithful that will occur at the Second Coming of Christ.
As for the Immaculate Conception, this is where the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church divulges. Most Orthodox reject the dogma of the Immaculate Conception as unnecessary. Orthodoxy does not view Original Sin, Ancestral Sin is the preferred term in the Eastern Church, as an inheritance of guilt or stain. That being said, the Orthodox tradition does hold that the Theotokos remained free of personal sin, a belief shared with some, not all, reformers such as Martin Luther.
"The Orthodox church
does not accept the Catholic dogma of 1854 -- the dogma of the immaculate conception of the Virgin, in the sense that she was exempt at birth from original sin. This would separate her from the human race, and she would then have been unable to transmit to her Son humanity. But Orthodoxy does not admit in the all-pure Virgin any individual sin, for that would be unworthy of the dignity of the Mother of God." Sergius Bulgakov,
The Orthodox Church. Crestwood: St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1997.
Finally, the perpetual Virginity of the Theotokos is not a modern idea by any means.
Origen - The Book [the
Protoevangelium] of James [records] that the brethren of Jesus were sons of Joseph by a former wife, whom he married before Mary. Now those who say so wish to preserve the honor of Mary in virginity to the end, so that body of hers which was appointed to minister to the Word . . . might not know intercourse with a man after the Holy Spirit came into her and the power from on high overshadowed her. And I think it in harmony with reason that Jesus was the first fruit among men of the purity which consists in [perpetual] chastity, and Mary was among women. For it were not pious to ascribe to any other than to her the first fruit of virginity (
Commentary on Matthew 2:17 [
A.D. 248]).
Hilary of Poitiers - If they [the brethren of the Lord] had been Mary's sons and not those taken from Joseph's former marriage, she would never have been given over in the moment of the passion [crucifixion] to the apostle John as his mother, the Lord saying to each, "Woman, behold your son," and to John, "Behold your mother" [John 19:26-27], as he bequeathed filial love to a disciple as a consolation to the one desolate (
Commentary on Matthew 1:4 [
A.D. 354]).
St. Athanasius - Let those, therefore, who deny that the Son is by nature from the Father and proper to his essence deny also that He took true human flesh from the ever-virgin Mary (
Discourses against the Arians 2:70 [
A.D. 360]).
St. Jerome - But as regards Victorinus, I assert what has already been proven from the gospel—that he [Victorinus] spoke of the brethren of the Lord not as being sons of Mary but brethren in the sense I have explained, that is to say, brethren in point of kinship, not by nature. (
Against Helvidius: The Perpetual Virginity of Mary 19 [
A.D. 383]).
St. Cyril of Alexandria - The Word himself, coming into the Blessed Virgin herself, assumed for himself his own temple from the substance of the Virgin and came forth from her a man in all that could be externally discerned, while interiorly He was true God. Therefore he kept his Mother a virgin even after her childbearing (
Against Those Who Do Not Wish to Confess That the Holy Virgin is the Mother of God 4 [
A.D. 430]).
The Ever-Virginity of the Mother of God — Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America