"The most frequently mentioned specific flowers are traditionally translated "lily" and "rose" (Heb šušan and ḥaḇaṣeleṯ respectively). Students of Palestinian botany tell us that neither of these is probably the correct translation, however. The lily familiar to most readers, the white or "Easter" lily (Lilium candidum), grows in remote regions of Israel but does not fit the description attributed to it in the biblical text as growing in valleys, among brambles or in pasture land. The common rose is not native to this region either.
Many commentators now assume, for example, that the phrase "lilies of the field" means any of the showy, attractive flowers that burst forth in glorious profusion in the springtime on the plains, pastures and hills of the Carmel and Sharon regions, which are proverbial for their fertility and beauty. These flowers include ranunculus, anemone, cyclamen, tulip, hyacinth, narcissus, crocus, iris and orchid. Any reference to lilies or roses in the following discussion could therefore just as easily be substituted with one of these species or could be understood to be making a generic reference to flowers."
Source: Ryken, L., Wilhoit, J., Longman, T., Duriez, C., Penney, D., & Reid, D. G. (2000). Dictionary of biblical imagery (electronic ed.) (294). Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
"As with the ‘rose’ of the Bible there has been considerable speculation as to the botanical identity of the ‘lily’. In common usage the word may be applied to several decorative plants. Most of the references in Ct. are thought to be to the hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis), a bulbous plant with blue flowers, although the lily-like lips of Ct. 5:13 may allude to the scarlet tulip (Tulipa sharonensis) or red poppy anemone (Anemone coronaria), myrrh resin also mentioned, being red. Although the white madonna lily (Lilium candidum) is wild in Palestine, it inhabits rocky places and it is unlikely to be the plant referred to in Ct. 6:2–3, as has been suggested. The ‘lily’ of Ho. 14:5 is by implication of a moist habitat likely to be the yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus), the ‘fleur de lis’ of the French.
The references to ‘lily-work’ on the columns of Solomon’s Temple in 1 Ki. 7:19, 22, 26 and 2 Ch. 4:5 are probably to carved representations of the water-lily. The Egyptian lotus (the blue flowered Nymphaea caerulea and white N. lotus) exercised a wide influence over ancient Near Eastern art, as evidenced by the presence of the lotus motif in many Egyptian and Palestinian archaeological objets d’art.
The ‘lilies of the field’ (Mt. 6:28; Lk. 12:27) could refer to any of the spectacular and beautiful flowers of the Palestinian countryside. Many have been suggested, including the poppy anemone Anemone coronaria and the white daisy Anthemis palaestina or the crown marguerite Chrysanthemum coronarium."
Source: Hepper, F. N. (1996). Plants. In D. R. W. Wood, I. H. Marshall, A. R. Millard, J. I. Packer & D. J. Wiseman (Eds.), New Bible dictionary (D. R. W. Wood, I. H. Marshall, A. R. Millard, J. I. Packer & D. J. Wiseman, Ed.) (3rd ed.) (935). Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Etc...
The plant which we call 'Lily of the Valley' is Convallaria which is totally toxic but pretty.
The plant associated with Opium is the poppy especially 2 Asian species.
The plant called Lily of the Valley in Biblical times was Cistus salvifolius. While NOT a source of Opium, it is a source of laudinum which has strong topical analgesic properties as well as being the medical anesthetic of choice before the discovery of chloroform.