THE FIVE MAJOR OFFERINGS OF LEVITICUS

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Sep 9, 2018
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Do they have meaning for today?

Identity of the Five Offerings:

The Levitical sacrificial system had five separate and distinct offerings that could be made to the Lord. These are the five major offerings that are introduced in the first five chapters of Leviticus. They are:
  1. The Burnt Offering (Leviticus 1)
  2. The Meat Offering (Leviticus 2)
  3. The Peace Offering (Leviticus 3)
  4. The Sin Offering (Leviticus 4)
  5. The Trespass Offering (Leviticus 5)
Other offerings are mentioned in the Mosaic Law. These other offerings include those made for a vow (called votive), thank offerings, drink offerings, heave offerings, and wave offerings. However, these offerings are usually, if not always, a subset of the five major offerings. For instance, the thank offering is a type of peace offering. These offerings will not be considered in detail in this introduction.

Purpose of the Five Offerings:

The offerings of the law almost require a threefold approach.
  • First, they provide a way for the Israelites to make and keep a right relationship with God.
  • Second, they are a type of Jesus Christ and a description of His sacrifice for us.
  • Third, they are a pattern for our own approach to God.
 
Sep 9, 2018
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Survey of the Five Major Offerings:
  • Burnt Offering (Leviticus 1)
    • Only offering to be totally consumed on the altar with nothing eaten by men
    • First offering mentioned by name in the Bible (Genesis 8:20)
    • Most common of the offerings mentioned in scripture (197 times)
    • Voluntary offering and a sweet savor to the Lord
    • Indicates entire surrender
  • Meat Offering (Leviticus 2)
    • Only offering made without the shedding of blood and without an animal sacrifice
    • Offering of fine flour; no animal flesh
    • Voluntary offering and a sweet savor to the Lord
    • Indicates a living sacrifice
  • Peace Offering (Leviticus 3)
    • Only offering in which the offerer could eat of the meat of the sacrifice
    • Voluntary offering and a sweet savor to the Lord
    • Indicates fellowship or communion
  • Sin Offering (Leviticus 4)
    • Required offering; not a sweet savor
    • Dealt with the sinner and the problem of sin
    • Indicates payment for the sin nature
  • Trespass Offering (Leviticus 5)
    • Required offering; not a sweet savor
    • Dealt with particular sins
    • Indicates forgiveness of committed sins
 
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The Five Animals Used in the Offerings: (first mentioned together in Genesis 15:9)
  • Oxen – service and strength (Proverbs 14:4)
  • Sheep – meekness and purity (Isaiah 53:7)
  • Goats – sin and judgment (Christ became sin for us)
  • Pigeon – poverty (Leviticus 12:8)
  • Turtledoves – innocence (Psalm 74:19)
 
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The Order of the Five Offerings in Leviticus 1-5
They mark a progression of closeness to God with the first offering mentioned being the closest to God and the last one being the first step in approaching God. This seemingly backwards approach is not unusual in the Bible. God usually begins from His perspective, not ours. He describes the furniture of the most holy place first and then proceeds to the holy place and the courtyard. He creates heaven and then earth (Genesis 1:1). He lists the three-part nature of man as spirit first, then soul, then body (1Thesalonians 5:23).

First, consider the order of the offerings as they point to the sacrifice of Christ.
Burnt Offering
Christ surrendered Himself entirely to God being fully consumed in His commitment (Philippians 2:6-8)
Meat Offering
Christ gave Himself as a living sacrifice continually doing the will of the Father (John 4:34)
Peace Offering
Christ made peace with God on the behalf of man (Ephesians 2:13-14)
Sin Offering
Christ atoned for our fallen sin nature on the cross and satisfied the wrath of God (Isaiah 53:10-11; Hebrews 9:26)
Trespass Offering
Christ paid for our individual sins in His death on the cross (Hebrews 10:12)​

However, when we come to God, we must do so in reverse order. Notice the following table with the offerings given in reverse order and their symbology explained.

Trespass Offering
We realize the guilt of our sins and our need for forgiveness of these sins in Jesus Christ (1John 2:2)
Sin Offering
We need a power that can even conquer our sin nature or else we will lose our salvation as soon as we gain it (2Corinthians 5:21)
Peace Offering
We find that through the cross of Christ He opened the way for true fellowship with God (1John 1:3)
Meat Offering
Through His obedient life, Christ shows us the way to be a living sacrifice for God (Romans 12:1)
Burnt Offering
We find the greatest blessing in being fully consumed in our commitment to God (Philippians 2:17)​
 
Sep 3, 2016
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“(1490 B.C.)

LAW OF BURNT OFFERINGS

1 And t he LORD called unto Moses, and spoke unto him out of the Tabernacle of the congregation, saying (the Holy Spirit has now taken up abode in the Tabernacle, actually in the Holy of Holies, where He dwelt between the Mercy Seat and the Cherubim [I Cor. 3:16]),

2 Speak unto the Children of Israel, and say unto them, If any man of you bring an Offering unto the LORD, you shall bring your Offering of the cattle, even of the herd, and of the flock. (There is no mention of any woman bringing an Offering to the Lord, as it regards the Sacrifice of an animal. This was always done by a man. Why?”


“Even though Eve sinned first, it was Adam, the fountainhead of the human race, who dragged down mankind through the Fall. Whatever happened to him would pass on to the entirety of mankind. This is the reason that the “Last Adam” was necessary [I Cor. 15:45]. As well, the Sacrificial System had been instituted immediately after the Fall [Gen., Chpt. 4]. However, it didn’t come into full bloom until the Law was given, as here noted.)


3 If his offering be a Burnt Sacrifice of the herd (a whole Burnt Offering, typifying Christ giving His all), let him offer a male without blemish (symbolic of the perfection of Christ): he shall offer it of his own voluntary will (would probably be better translated, “he shall offer it for the Lord’s acceptance”; if the Offering was accepted, so was the offerer; if the Offering was rejected, the offerer was rejected as well!) at the door of the Tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD. (The man had sinned before the Lord, so the Sacrifice must be presented before the Lord.)

“4 And he shall put his hand upon the head of the Burnt Offering (in effect, transferring his sin and guilt to the innocent victim, all typifying Christ taking our sins upon Himself); and it shall be accepted for him to make Atonement for him (refers to the animal being accepted as a Substitute on behalf of the sinner; at the Cross, Christ became our Substitute, and our identification with Him guarantees us Atonement).

“5 And he shall kill the bullock before the LORD (typifying the death of Christ on the Cross): and the Priests, Aaron’s sons, shall bring the blood, and sprinkle the blood round about upon the Altar that is by the door of the Tabernacle of the congregation (the assisting Priest would catch in a basin the blood that poured from the slain animal’s throat; he would then take the blood to the Brazen Altar, and throw it around the bottom of the Altar; in some respects, this was the most essential part of the ceremony, the blood representing the life [Lev. 17:11], which was symbolically received at the hands of the offerer, and presented by the Priests to God; in the antitype, our Lord exercised the function of the sacrificing Priest, when He presented His Own Life to the Father, as He hung upon the Altar of the Cross).”

“6 And he shall flay the Burnt Offering, and cut it into his pieces (this signified how terrible and how deep a thing that sin actually is; sin is not merely exterior; it is interior; it is a disease of the vitals, affecting every single part of the human being).

7 And the sons of Aaron the Priest shall put fire upon the Altar (typical of the Judgment of God, which Christ took upon Himself, all on our behalf), and lay the wood in order upon the fire (the “wood” was typical of the Cross):”

“8 And the Priests, Aaron’s sons, shall lay the parts, the head, and the fat, in order upon the wood that is on the fire which is upon the Altar (the parts, as designated here, signify that the Cross dealt with every aspect of the sinner and sin):

9 But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water: and the Priest shall burn all on the Altar, to be a Burnt Sacrifice (a Whole Burnt Offering), an Offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD. (The “Burnt Offering,” the “Meat Offering,” and the “Peace Offering” are sacrifices of a “sweet savour.” The expression is never used with regard to the “Sin Offering” and “Trespass Offering.” The “washing” signified the purity of Christ.”


“We should have a very defective apprehension of the mystery of the Cross were we only to see in it that which meets man’s need as a sinner. There were depths in that mystery which only the Mind of God could fathom. It is, therefore, important to see that when the Holy Spirit would furnish us with foreshadowings of the Cross, He gives us, in the very first place, one which sets it forth in its aspect Godward. This alone would be sufficient to teach us that there are heights and depths in the Doctrine of the Cross which man never could reach. There is in the Cross that which only God could know and appreciate. Hence, it is that the Burnt Offering gets the first place. It typifies Christ’s death as viewed and valued by God Alone.)”


Excerpt From
The Expositor's Study Bible
Jimmy Swaggart
https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/the-expositors-study-bible/id399697870?mt=11
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