I had to shorten this by 4000 characters, so I took out a few questions.
1.This is what I see in scripture concerning what God is, and how Jesus is God, along with The Father, and The Holy Spirit (the trinity question).
Jos 5:14 And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the LORD am I now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his servant?
Jos 5:15 And the captain of the LORD'S host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoe from off thy foot; for the place whereon thou standest is holy. And Joshua did so.
This is an example of The Word of God before The Word was made flesh and dwelt among us.
Joh 1:14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.
A way that I explain it to people that seems to help is:
God is Light. God is Light that comes from the heat/fire, which in this case represents The Father. God is Light that comes from the oil/fuel of the fire, which in this case represents The Word of God. God is Light that comes from the air/oxygen of the fire, which in this case represents the Holy Spirit. Jesus is Light/God.
Joh 1:4 In him was life; and the life was the light of men.
Joh 1:5 And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.
Jesus is the Fire, Oil, Air, and Light/God in an earthen vessel/lamp. Jesus is the only earthen vessel not adopted.
That is the best way I know how to convey the understanding to someone about the fact that Jesus is The Father in an earthen vessel.
Rom 11:29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.
Jas 1:17 Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.
Jas 1:18 Of his own will begat he us with the word of truth, that we should be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.
God gave His only begotten earthen vessel and example of Love/Light/a son (an eternal example, because the gifts and calling of God are without repentance). Jesus will always be the eternal example for us, fellow heirs, children of God (but we're adopted of course).
 
1-2. On the hellfire subject, I do see that there are two conditions that cannot be remedied, and they are blaspheme of the Holy Spirit, and the mark of the beast. These unforgivables are in an eternal condition that separates them from God, but they will exist forever because they are spirits, so there is a place for them in existence forever as well. Their reward is eternal as well as ours, because to whom much is given, much is required. The evil ones are having their reward even now, but this is their temporary reward, and their eternal reward is found in the following verses.
Rev 19:20 And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone.
Rev 20:10 And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever.
Rev 20:11 And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them.
Rev 20:12 And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works.
Rev 20:13 And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.
Rev 20:14 And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death.
Rev 20:15 And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire.
Mar 9:46Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.
Mar 9:47And if thine eye offend thee, pluck it out: it is better for thee to enter into the kingdom of God with one eye, than having two eyes to be cast into hell fire:
Mar 9:48Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.
Mar 9:49For every one shall be salted with fire, and every sacrifice shall be salted with salt.
Mar 9:50Saltisgood: but if the salt have lost his saltness, wherewith will ye season it? Have salt in yourselves, and have peace one with another.
2.2Co 2:10 To whom ye forgive any thing, I forgive also: for if I forgave any thing, to whom I forgave it, for your sakes forgave I it in the person of Christ;
2Co 2:11 Lest Satan should get an advantage of us: for we are not ignorant of his devices.
Those responsible for evil are well aware of the nature of God, and what He is. God has no beginning. Light has no beginning, and those responsible for evil have chosen the reward of blaspheming the Holy Spirit/Light, and they do it through many ways, including the various evil religions and their so called gods. The best way to be convincing when deceiving people is to be very close to the real thing, but then change just a few things to suit. I know satan is all about distracting from God, and causing people to think that darkness is light, when it is not. I see the historic mock gods as more proof of what satan is trying to blaspheme, which is Light from the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. It's another example God gave us of unity and equality by the way. Anyhow, the historic mock gods are just more evidence of the knowledge that satan has of God, and to whom much is given, much is required.
 
3. Jesus and His followers have always taught what they know, and what they know is awesome when you put it all together, and then God alone gets the glory for the one and only combined and united faith.
Joh 3:11Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness.
If you really want me to give you all the verses on love, light, oil, fire, water, wind, blood, and all the things that testify to the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, then I can, but it will take some time. Much of Jesus teachings, parables, and His example of course showed the example of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, which is Light/Love/etc. Jesus did teach what is found in Mark chapter 9 as mentioned above. The following are just a couple of verses that indicate the nature of Light/Love/God.
Joh 6:46Not that any man hath seen the Father, save he which is of God, he hath seen the Father.
Joh 14:9 Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thouthen,Shew us the Father?
Joh 14:10Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
Joh 14:11Believe me that Iamin the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.
7. The soul is the motivated free-will of the concience, and it is part of the spirit of man.
1Co 2:11 For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God.
1Th 5:23 And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Heb_4:12 For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.
The heart, soul, mind, and strength make up the spirit of man, which is also spoken of as "worm" in the above scriptures in Mark. On the right and left of our cross is the flesh and spirit. If the motivated free-will of the concience is motivated by the Holy Ghost, then our left hand is making us holy if we are dead or dying to the flesh which is another motivator of the soul.