Greek Scholars please help

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Sep 4, 2012
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#41
I assume that it is Syriac based on how much it differs from the Aramaic of Daniel.

Those are the two major dialects. There may be other dialects that I am totally unfamiliar with.

The Aramaic of Daniel is a pidgin of Babylonian Aramaic and Hebrew.
Do you know what the consonant means that prefixes the 3rd word? I'm not familiar with it like I am the Hebrew consonants. I guess you call it a dalet.
 
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RachelBibleStudent

Guest
#42
'born' and 'brought forth' are synonymous in this context...

both are speaking of jesus' human birth...'brought forth' is just speaking of birth in more lofty language...

both are valid translations but 'born' is more clear whereas 'brought forth' is more poetic but also vague enough to be misunderstood by someone...
 

oldhermit

Senior Member
Jul 28, 2012
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#43
'born' and 'brought forth' are synonymous in this context...

both are speaking of jesus' human birth...'brought forth' is just speaking of birth in more lofty language...

both are valid translations but 'born' is more clear whereas 'brought forth' is more poetic but also vague enough to be misunderstood by someone...
Yes, they are synonymous but 'born' is active as opposed to 'brought forth' which is passive and as Angela pointed out, a deponent verb cannot be passive.
 

MarcR

Senior Member
Feb 12, 2015
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#44
Do you know what the consonant means that prefixes the 3rd word? I'm not familiar with it like I am the Hebrew consonants. I guess you call it a dalet.
It is indeed a dahlet; and pointed with a shvah it is probably a variant on one of the inseparable prepositions.

It is not used in the Babylonian pidgin Aramaic (of Daniel). My best guess is that it replaces the ל in the directional preposition 'to'; but probably not in the infinitive. I hope that helps.
 

MarcR

Senior Member
Feb 12, 2015
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#45
What can you tell me about this? I know what the words mean, I'm just not sure if the syntax I want to use works for the first 3 words (bolded); Aramaic is a little different than Hebrew so I don't want to presume. I'm not real sure how the דְ prefix works.

I'm not going to tell you what this is because I don't want to bias your judgment, but it is from Targum Jonathan to the Prophets. Possibly Early Imperial Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic of the Targums, or Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. If you just want to translate the first 3 words, that works for me.

וְיִסתְתֵים חִילָא דְטוּרַיָא אֲרֵי יִמטֵי חִילַת טוּרַיָא לְאָצַל וְתִערְקוּן כְמָא דַעֲרַקתוּן מִן קֳדָם זְיָעָא דַהֲוָה בְיֹומֵי עוּזִיָה מַלַך שִבטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וְיִתגְלֵי יוי אֲלָהִי כָל קַדִישֹוהִי עִמֵיה
I have been thinking about this text; and several things seem strange to me.

I have not camek written as a circle before.

The vowel pointings used were developed by the Masorites between the fourth and ninth centuries A.D.; but targum Jonathan was supposedly written in Babylon between 606 and 536 B.C.

Are you sure this is not pseudo Jonathan?

מַלַך שִבטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה

The dahlet pointed with the shvah is definitely the preposition to; this speaks of the queen of Sheba to the house of Judah.

This must be either from 1Ki 10 or 2Chr 9.

 
Sep 4, 2012
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#46
I have been thinking about this text; and several things seem strange to me.

I have not camek written as a circle before.

The vowel pointings used were developed by the Masorites between the fourth and ninth centuries A.D.; but targum Jonathan was supposedly written in Babylon between 606 and 536 B.C.

Are you sure this is not pseudo Jonathan?

מַלַך שִבטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה

The dahlet pointed with the shvah is definitely the preposition to; this speaks of the queen of Sheba to the house of Judah.

This must be either from 1Ki 10 or 2Chr 9.

Close. It's from Zechariah 14:5 that mentions King Uzziah ruler of the house of Judah. Definitely not pseudo-J. So the daleth must mean of. Do you think it could mean by also depending on the context?

I'm not sure when the targums were written down, but I don't think it was until a century or two after Christ.
 
Last edited:
Sep 4, 2012
14,424
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#47
I don't know what all of this means

ד preposition = די preposition
1 passim of, genitive particle
2 passim first element of lexemes
3 passim in split genitive phrases
4 passim after numbers
5 passim determinative pron.

ד conjunction = די conjunction
1 passim who,which (relative)
2 passim the one(s) who (determinative)
3 passim that (complement to verbs)
4 passim so that
5 passim because
6 passim in compound conjunctions
7 passim before direct speech
8 passim with correlatives

Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon. (2004; 2004). Targum Lexicon. Hebrew Union College.
 

MarcR

Senior Member
Feb 12, 2015
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#48
Close. It's from Zechariah 14:5 that mentions King Uzziah ruler of the house of Judah. Definitely not pseudo-J. So the daleth must mean of. Do you think it could mean by also depending on the context?

I'm not sure when the targums were written down, but I don't think it was until a century or two after Christ.
Yes, but neither Hebrew nor Babylonian pidgin Aramaic form the genitive this way

In both Hebrew and the Aramaic of Daniel, the genitive is formed by use of the Maqqeph or pointing the penultimate consonant with a hireq and ending in a yod (in the first person singular common gender.)

by is usually represented as ב as are in or with.

This dialect is very different!
 

MarcR

Senior Member
Feb 12, 2015
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#49
Close. It's from Zechariah 14:5 that mentions King Uzziah ruler of the house of Judah. Definitely not pseudo-J. So the daleth must mean of. Do you think it could mean by also depending on the context?

I'm not sure when the targums were written down, but I don't think it was until a century or two after Christ.
I stand corrected. The Babylonian Talmud is generally thought to have been written during the last three decades of the captivity.

Targum Jonathan (תרגום יונתן בן עוזיאל), otherwise referred to as Targum Yonasan/Yonatan, is the official eastern (Babylonian) targum to the Nevi'im. Its early origins, however, are western (i.e. from the Land of Israel), and the Talmudic tradition attributes its authorship to Jonathan ben Uzziel. Its overall style is very similar to that of Targum Onkelos, though at times it seems to be a looser paraphrase.
The language of Targum Jonathan is Aramaic.
In Talmudic times (and to this day in Yemenite Jewish communities) Targum Jonathan was read as a verse-by-verse translation alternatively with the Hebrew verses of the haftarah in the synagogue. Thus, when the Talmud states that "a person should complete his portions of scripture along with the community, reading the scripture twice and the targum once" (Berakhot 8a-b), the passage may be taken to refer to Targum Jonathan (as well as to Targum Onkelos on the Torah).


Hence its association with the Babylonian Talmud is NOT linguistic.

I own a copy of the Mishna of the Babylonian Talmud, and read it as easily as Hebrew.
 

MarcR

Senior Member
Feb 12, 2015
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#50
Close. It's from Zechariah 14:5 that mentions King Uzziah ruler of the house of Judah. Definitely not pseudo-J. So the daleth must mean of. Do you think it could mean by also depending on the context?

I'm not sure when the targums were written down, but I don't think it was until a century or two after Christ.
I stand corrected. The Babylonian Talmud is generally thought to have been written during the last three decades of the captivity.

Targum Jonathan (תרגום יונתן בן עוזיאל), otherwise referred to as Targum Yonasan/Yonatan, is the official eastern (Babylonian) targum to the Nevi'im. Its early origins, however, are western (i.e. from the Land of Israel), and the Talmudic tradition attributes its authorship to Jonathan ben Uzziel. Its overall style is very similar to that of Targum Onkelos, though at times it seems to be a looser paraphrase.
The language of Targum Jonathan is Aramaic.
In Talmudic times (and to this day in Yemenite Jewish communities) Targum Jonathan was read as a verse-by-verse translation alternatively with the Hebrew verses of the haftarah in the synagogue. Thus, when the Talmud states that "a person should complete his portions of scripture along with the community, reading the scripture twice and the targum once" (Berakhot 8a-b), the passage may be taken to refer to Targum Jonathan (as well as to Targum Onkelos on the Torah).


Hence its association with the Babylonian Talmud is NOT linguistic.

I own a copy of the Mishnah of the Babylonian Talmud, and read it as easily as Hebrew.
 

MarcR

Senior Member
Feb 12, 2015
5,486
183
63
#51
I don't know what all of this means

ד preposition = די preposition
1 passim of, genitive particle
2 passim first element of lexemes
3 passim in split genitive phrases
4 passim after numbers
5 passim determinative pron.

ד conjunction = די conjunction
1 passim who,which (relative)
2 passim the one(s) who (determinative)
3 passim that (complement to verbs)
4 passim so that
5 passim because
6 passim in compound conjunctions
7 passim before direct speech
8 passim with correlatives

Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon. (2004; 2004). Targum Lexicon. Hebrew Union College.
Passim literally means scattered. It is used to refer to notes scattered throughout a reference work.

the numbers indicate the number of occurrences.
 
G

GaryA

Guest
#52
In English made has the sense of brought into being. Jesus is eternal! He only changed form and residence temporarily.
Jesus did not "change form"; rather, He "took on the form" of a human being -- now with a "glorified body", yet will He live forever in the human form. It is not temporary.

When we get our "glorified body", we will be "just like Him" ( in that [ bodily ] sense ).


...while in study wednesday night, i was looking at this:
By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.
(Romans 8:3-4)​

and it struck me how that if it is the Son who was "sent" and made "in the likeness" of sinful flesh -- than it cannot be possible that He was not the Son before having been sent, and being enfleshed.
i've heard it argued that He did not become the Son until baptism (or some other point) - an idea i wholly reject.
The 'Sonship' of Christ rests in the virgin birth; more specifically, the Holy Spirit 'conception'. The whole idea of the 'Son of God' is that Jesus was 'begotten' by God -- i.e. - entering into humanity. The Word took on human form ( John 1:14 ) -- and became the Son of God. The Word was not the Son "before" entering into humanity. It is the "entering into humanity" that defines the 'Sonship' of Christ.

:)