Was Caesar regarded as a king or as an emperor?
Were the two titles one and the same back in that time period? Thanks!
very strange way this title [Caesar] is handed down.
Caesar (plural Caesars; Latin: Caesar, plural: Caesares) is a title of imperial character.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(title)
The Julii Caesares were a specific branch of the gens Julia.
It derives from the cognomen of Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator. The change from being
a familial name to a title adopted by the Roman Emperors can be dated to about AD 68/69,
The first known bearer of the name was one Sextus Julius Caesar, praetor in 208 BC,
The first Emperor, Caesar Augustus, bore the name as a matter of course; born Gaius Octavius
adopted by Caesar in his will, and per Roman naming conventions was renamed
"Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus"
his relationship with Caesar by styling himself simply "Imperator Caesar"
(whereto the Roman Senate added the honorific Augustus, "Majestic" or "Venerable," in 27 BC),
His successor as emperor, his stepson Tiberius, also bore the name as a matter of course;
born Tiberius Claudius Nero, he was adopted by Caesar Augustus on June 26, 4 AD,
as "Tiberius Julius Caesar."
The precedent was set: the Emperor designated his successor by adopting him
and giving him the name "Caesar."
41 to 54AD Roman emperor Claudius
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudius
He adopted the name "Caesar" as a cognomen
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognomen
During his reign the Empire began the conquest of Britain
The Julio-Claudian dynasty
refers to the first five Roman Emperors:
Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero,
[1] or the family to which they belonged; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation,
in the second half of the 1st century (44/31/27) BC, until AD 68,
when the last of the line, Nero, committed suicide
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julio-Claudian_dynasty
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Emperors
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoption_in_ancient_Rome
None of the Julio-Claudians were succeeded by their sons;
1.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus
Augustus (Latin: Imperator Caesar Divi F. Augustus; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August 14 AD) was
the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD
He was born Gaius Octavius into an old and wealthy equestrian branch
of the plebeian Octavii family.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equestrian_order
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plebeian
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavii
Following the assassination of his maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar in 44 BC,
Caesar's will named Octavius as his adopted son and heir
He was succeeded as Emperor by his adopted son
(also stepson and former son-in-law), Tiberius.
2.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberius
Tiberius (/ta?'b??ri?s/; Latin: Tiberius Caesar Divi Augusti filius Augustus;
16 November 42 BC – 16 March 37 AD) was Roman Emperor
from 14 AD to 37 AD. Born Tiberius Claudius Nero, a Claudian,
Tiberius was the son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla.
His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian.
Tiberius would later marry Augustus' daughter Julia the Elder (from his marriage to Scribonia)
and even later be adopted by Augustus, by which act he officially became a Julian,
bearing the name Tiberius Julius Caesar.
Caligula, Tiberius' grand-nephew and adopted grandson, succeeded Tiberius upon his death.
3.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligula
"Caligula" (/k?'l?gj?l?/; Latin: Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;
was the popular nickname of Gaius (31 August AD 12 – 22 January AD 41),
Roman emperor (AD 37–41).
Caligula's father Germanicus, the nephew and adopted son of Emperor Tiberius...
With the death of Tiberius in AD 37, Caligula succeeded his great uncle and adoptive
grandfather as Emperor.on the day of the assassination of the Emperor Caligula,
the Praetorian Guard declared Caligula's uncle, Claudius, the next Roman Emperor.
4.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudius
Claudius (/'kl??di?s/; Classical Latin: ['klawd??s], Latin: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;
1 August 10 BC – 13 October 54 AD) was Roman emperor from 41 to 54.
the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul,
the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy.
declared Emperor by the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination,
at which point he was the last man of his family.
During his reign the Empire began the conquest of Britain (if the earlier invasions of Britain
by Caesar and Caligula's aborted attempt are not counted).
After his death in 54 AD (at age of 63), his grand-nephew and adopted son Nero
succeeded him as Emperor
5.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nero
Nero (/'n??ro?/; Latin: Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;
[1] 15 December 37 – 9 June 68)
[2] was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor,
and succeeded to the throne in 54 following Claudius' death.
Through Octavia, Nero was the great-nephew of Caesar Augustus
Nero annexed the Bosporan Kingdom to the Empire and began the First Roman–Jewish War.
In 64 AD, most of Rome was destroyed in the Great Fire of Rome,
which many Romans believed Nero himself had started , then blamed jews
He died on 9 June 68, the anniversary of the death of Octavia, and was buried
in the Mausoleum of the Domitii Ahenobarbi, in what is now
the Villa Borghese (Pincian Hill) area of Rome
