In the USA, we are all subject to the effects of the Affordable Health Care Act, and those politicians are some very good actors. If you have a high school economics book, then you can follow along with my brief explanation of this scam. It was sold to the general public as a means to ensure affordable healthcare insurance to all Americans. If you do not carry qualifying health insurance throughout the fiscal year, then you are subject to fees when you file your taxes. There is a maximum fee, although it is prorated if you carried qualifying insurance throughout parts of the year. For simplicity let's assume that if you did not carry any health insurance throughout the entire year, then you would be charged $100 when you file taxes. When you read the term "Sunk Cost" and the context of surrounding chapters in your economics book, you may understand that the penalty of $100 has become a "Sunk Cost" in the market diagram you can draw of healthcare insurance. You first draw a vertical line segment for Price and a perpendicular horizontal line segment for Quantity. Then you draw the slopes for both Supply and Demand. Where those slopes intersect gives you the equilibrium Price and Quantity in the market. When you impose a Sunk Cost into this diagram, you simply raise the slopes drawn for Supply and Demand vertically by the value of the Sunk Cost. It is apparent that the equilibrium intersection also goes straight up by the value of the Sunk Cost. What this means is that when a Sunk Cost is introduced into the market, the Quantity sold will remain the same and the Price at which that quantity is sold will increase equal to the value of the Sunk Cost. Introducing a penalty for not having insurance, in a completely free market, will have no affect on the Quantity sold in the market but will increase the market Price by the value of the penalty. Unfortunately, there are so many rules and regulations imposed on the market for insurance that it is not a free market, so this effect in the market is hardly what we see, but it still essentially allows for more money to go toward Health Insurance companies without increase in the related quantity or quality. In fact, it directly benefits those companies which you may find in the Obamacare marketplace and hurts all other health insurance providers. Having affordable health insurance but not having enough money left over to regularly see a doctor is like having no insurance for your health at all, but we have Jesus Christ. Amen