Acts 20:7 KJV
(7) And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
This text should read 'one of the sabbaths' not first day of the week.
G3391
μία
mia
Thayer Definition:
1) only one, someone
Part of Speech: adjective
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: irregular feminine of G1520
This is the meaning of the the word first it means one not first.
Matthew 5:24 KJV
(24) Leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way; first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift.
G4412
πρῶτον
prōton
Thayer Definition:
1) first in time or place
1a) in any succession of things or persons
2) first in rank
2a) influence, honour
2b) chief
2c) principal
3) first, at the first
Part of Speech: adverb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: neuter of G4413 as adverb (with or without G3588)
Citing in TDNT: 6:868, 965
Notice the different word this word means first not the other which means one.
G4521
σάββατον
sabbaton
Thayer Definition:
1) the seventh day of each week which was a sacred festival on which the Israelites were required to abstain from all work
1a) the institution of the sabbath, the law for keeping holy every seventh day of the week
1b) a single sabbath, sabbath day
2) seven days, a week
Part of Speech: noun neuter
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: of Hebrew origin H7676
Notice the word for week.
So the translation should read 'one of the sabbaths' not first day of the week.
You are correct. If we read Acts 20:7 in context with the verse before it, we read...
Act 20:6 And we sailed away from Philippi
after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we abode seven days.
Act 20:7 And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
It is imperative that we understand God's Feasts. That's right, God said they are His Feast. We find the complete list in Leviticus 23.
The day after Passover (Nisan 14th) is the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15th/A High Sabbath).
The Feast of Unleavened Bread is to be observed 7 days. On Nisan 21, is the last day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread and is also a High Sabbath.
Lev 23:4 These are the feasts of the LORD, even holy convocations, which ye shall proclaim in their seasons.
Lev 23:5 In the fourteenth day of the first month at even is the LORD'S passover.
Lev 23:6 And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread unto the LORD: seven days ye must eat unleavened bread.
Lev 23:7 In the first day ye shall have an holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work therein.
Lev 23:8 But ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD seven days: in the seventh day is an holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work therein.
Next, in the INSTRUCTIONS (TORAH), we see that the firstfruit of the harvest is to be brought for a WAVE OFFERING. This is done on the morrow after the Sabbath. So if Nisan 14th Passover happened on a Wednesday, Nisan 15th begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread/A High Sabbath, happens on Thursday. The wave offering is brought to the priest on Nisan 16th, which in this example would be Friday, the day after the Sabbath (High Sabbath).
Lev 23:9 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
Lev 23:10 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye be come into the land which I give unto you, and shall reap the harvest thereof, then ye shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest unto the priest:
Lev 23:11 And he shall wave the sheaf before the LORD, to be accepted for you: on the morrow after the sabbath the priest shall wave it.
Lev 23:12 And ye shall offer that day when ye wave the sheaf an he lamb without blemish of the first year for a burnt offering unto the LORD.
Lev 23:13 And the meat offering thereof shall be two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire unto the LORD for a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereof shall be of wine, the fourth part of an hin.
Lev 23:14 And ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn, nor green ears, until the selfsame day that ye have brought an offering unto your God: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
Lev 23:15 And ye shall count unto you from the morrow after the sabbath, from the day that ye brought the sheaf of the wave offering; seven sabbaths shall be complete:
So the WAVE OFFERING, in this example is done on Friday (the morrow after the Sabbath which is a High Sabbath.)
Then on the first weekly Sabbath after the Wave Offering, begin counting 7 Sabbaths (weekly sabbaths.) This equals 49 days of counting. Then after the 7th Sabbath (49th day) the next day is DAY 50. Day 50 is Feast of Shavuot (we Christians call it Pentecost Sunday).
Lev 23:16 Even unto the morrow after the seventh sabbath shall ye number fifty days; and ye shall offer a new meat offering unto the LORD.
Lev 23:17 Ye shall bring out of your habitations two wave loaves of two tenth deals: they shall be of fine flour; they shall be baken with leaven; they are the firstfruits unto the LORD.
Lev 23:18 And ye shall offer with the bread seven lambs without blemish of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams: they shall be for a burnt offering unto the LORD, with their meat offering, and their drink offerings, even an offering made by fire, of sweet savour unto the LORD.
Lev 23:19 Then ye shall sacrifice one kid of the goats for a sin offering, and two lambs of the first year for a sacrifice of peace offerings.
Lev 23:20 And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits for a wave offering before the LORD, with the two lambs: they shall be holy to the LORD for the priest.
Lev 23:21 And ye shall proclaim on the selfsame day, that it may be an holy convocation unto you: ye shall do no servile work therein: it shall be a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
Lev 23:22 And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field when thou reapest, neither shalt thou gather any gleaning of thy harvest: thou shalt leave them unto the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD your God.
Ok. History lesson complete. Now why is this significant. We read in Acts 20:6 "Act 20:6 And we sailed away from Philippi
after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we abode seven days.
The next verse, Acts 20:7 reads in KJV "Act 20:7 And
upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
Your break down of the Greek is absolutely correct. The word first could also be "one of". There is no word "day" because is was added by the translators. (Good reason not to go against what God said about not adding or diminishing from His Word (Deuteronomy 4:2) Next the word "week" is just like you said, Sabbaton in the Greek.
So what we have here in Acts 20:7 is they are counting after the Feast of Unleavened Bread the 7 weekly Sabbaths. It is one of the 7 Sabbaths. Which one of the 7?
Let's read Acts 20:6 again. Act 20:6 And we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we abode seven days.
After the days of unleavened bread = Last day of the feast of Unleavened Bread is always on Nisan 21st. They set sail after Nisan 21st and it took them five days to travel to Troas. And after arriving at their destination, they stayed 7 days.
Then Acts 20:7 "Act 20:7 And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
So they are definitely meeting on one of the 7 Sabbaths. Paul was leaving the next day and so he continued speaking until midnight. The Sabbath ended at sunset that day, but Paul continued preaching.
Also, note that in Acts 20:7 that the disciples came together to break bread. The question is was the bread unleavened or leavened? It is "AFTER" the Feast of Unleavened Bread, so the Bread is Leavened. Strong's Word #G740.
G740
ἄρτος
artos
ar'-tos
From G142;
bread (as raised) or a loaf: - (shew-) bread, loaf.
So, again, you are absolutely correct in saying "Notice the word for week.
So the translation should read 'one of the sabbaths' not first day of the week.
Great post!