Yes. Rules are for children really.
No. The individual rules are a practical application of ethics, which is the study of what makes a "good" life. Values are what we typically hold dear as an ideal. Things such as "feedom", "justice" "knowledge" and "love" etc. I think moral law would concern itself with ethics and values.......individual moral laws would depend on the circumstances of a situation. That is why courts will consider all the evidence.
To me, love is the highest value. But in order to be practical to situations it needs knowledge. This hopefully creates wisdom.
Values in themselves are absolute. The principle of law, for instance. But the outworking of "law" into individual laws.....now that's another matter! Even this comes back to love though; as we only really need laws because we don't know how to love correctly as a species.
The principles in themselves are absolute. The practical applications are opinions on these. Not always easy.
Morality- The quality of an action which renders it good; the conformity of an act to the divine law, or to the principles of rectitude. This conformity implies that the act must be performed by a free agent, and from a motive of obedience to the divine will.
Ethics- A system of moral principles; a system of rules for regulating the actions and manners of men in society.
Values- To esteem; to hold in respect and estimation; as, to
value one for his works or virtues.
Virtues- Moral goodness; the practice of moral duties and the abstaining from vice, or a conformity of life and conversation to the moral law. Virtue is nothing but voluntary obedience to truth. A particular moral excellence; as the
virtue of temperance, of chastity, of charity.
So to confine the relationship of all four we have to start at divine law or commonly known as the moral law.
Moral law is many of the Bible's commandments or laws. These are of God and therefore are absolute. Murder will forever be wrong regardless with how hard someone tries to justify it.
Ethics involves using the moral law that murder is wrong a therefore should be a system in place that defines murder and the consequences within a governmental society.
A Virtuous person will be one who is obedient to the moral law and the ethics that come from morality. These people are considered valuable citizens or they deserve higher respect as law abiding citizens both morally and ethically. These are the citizens that a good government should want in office, the judiciary branch, church councils, public affairs, doctors, etc.
For the example of lying. Lying is countless times spoke against or warned against throughout scripture. Only two times God seemed to bless the results of a lie but never condoned it. That was the Hebrew midwives who lie to Pharaoh Exodus 1:15-21, it probably saved the lives of many Hebrew babies. Another example is Rahab’s lie to protect the Israelite spies in Joshua 2:5.
So we can easily assume that lying is 98% of the time wrong. The other 2% will be left to the conscience and Holy Spirit.