1. You are confused and you misunderstand so much of what the Church does not even teach, where is this in the Catechism of the Catholic Church? Homosexuals? Forbidding to marry?
Those are just the titles of potential topics. So for example "Homosexuals" refers to the Church's teachings on homosexuals, as found in the Catechism.
1. I can only debate on one subject at a time. I say you pick, by the way what denomination are you? It seems what your Church is teaching you about Catholicism is fully false and have many mis understandings.
Probably best to start with an easy one. How about Muslims.
"The plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are the Muslims; these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day" (Catechism #841)
Muslims are in a false religion, Islam, which teaches that Jesus was created from the dust (Surah 3:59) and is not the Son of God who died for the world (Surah 4:157). Now, carefully read the following verse.
23 Whoever denies the Son does not have the Father either; he who acknowledges the Son has the Father also. (1 John 2:23)
So, the Bible says that whoever denies the Son does not have the Father (i.e. is not included in the plan of salvation). Yet the Catholic Church attributes salvation to them. In addiction to 1 John 2:23 above, this also denies the words of Jesus:
6 Jesus said to him, "I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me. (John 14:6)
And it makes the Catholic way extremely broad:
13 "Enter by the narrow gate; for wide is the gate and broad is the way that leads to destruction, and there are many who go in by it.
14 Because narrow is the gate and difficult is the way which leads to life, and there are few who find it. (Matthew 7:13-14)
To sum up: Catholics say that a Muslim can attain salvation; the Bible says that anyone who denies the Son (Muslims) will not attain salvation.