I think it means do not call anyone on earth "Father", as in God the Father. I think calling your dad father is okay. Referring to your dad as father is so firmly engrained in English that no one mistakes it for Our Father in Heaven.
Translation between languages always creates some difficulties. Should it be literal? Or should some words be changed to convey the same intent. For example here is the comparison between a literal translation of "Silent Night" from German into English, and the most common English translation used:
Silent night, holy night
All is sleeping, alone watches
Only the close, most holy couple.
Blessed boy in curly hair ...
Silent night, holy night
All is calm all is bright
'Round yon virgin Mother and Child
Holy infant so tender and mild ...
Languages also metamorphose over time. For example, the Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer was written in Middle English, and almost reads like a foreign language nowadays. Even the Lord's Prayer has English constructs we do not use today: "art in Heaven", "be thy name", etc. In English we distinguish Father from father, but in German all the nouns are capitalized.
I believe many of the issues raised in study of scripture, center more around translation rather than the meaning being conveyed. Just my opinion.
So back to your original question, take:
"And do not call anyone on earth 'father,' for you have one Father, and he is in heaven."
and capitalize two letters and you end up with:
"And do not call anyone on earth 'Father,' for you have one Father, and He is in heaven."
Since "Father" is often used interchangably with "God" (in English), you end up with:
And do not call anyone on earth God, for you have one God, and He is in heaven.
At this point the meaning of the verse is very clear.