Seriously?…..Perhaps you missed all the references to a new “Israel”….”a people for his name”, taken from both Jewish and gentile nationalities…..”the Israel of God” (Gal 6:16) is no longer national Israel……lineage to Abraham was no longer a requirement, because Jesus had fulfilled the promise made to Abraham, that ‘by means of his seed “all nations” would be blessed’. (Gen 22:17-18 Matt 3:7-10) Lineage was not the primary requirement….faith and obedience like that of Abraham, was.
Oh you are NOT going to like this doctrine my RT friend.
But, it is true nevertheless. So get a grip and hold on tight, because your quaint little Church supremacy ideology is about to collapse around you.
The accurate Biblical position is straightforward:
Israel is the ***covenantal possessor*** of the New Covenant promised in Jeremiah 31. The Church participates in its spiritual blessings, but the covenant itself was made with national Israel and Judah.
Jeremiah could hardly be more explicit:
“Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant
with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah.”
—
Jeremiah 31:31
The text does not say that God would make the covenant with a future entity called the Church. It names the covenant parties directly:
the house of Israel and the house of Judah.
The same passage describes Israel’s future national restoration:
“I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts... and they shall be my people.”
—
Jeremiah 31:33
And Jeremiah immediately ties this promise to Israel’s continued national existence:
“If those ordinances depart from before me... then the seed of Israel also shall cease from being a nation before me for ever.”
—
Jeremiah 31:36
That statement is devastating to replacement theology. God deliberately anchors the covenant to the permanence of Israel as a nation.
The prophets say the same thing elsewhere. Ezekiel 36 promises Israel cleansing, a new heart, the indwelling Spirit, and restoration to
“the land that I gave to your fathers” (
Ezek. 36:24–28). Ezekiel 37 joins Israel and Judah, restores them to the land, places David over them, and promises an everlasting covenant. These are not descriptions of the Church replacing Israel. They are promises of Israel’s future national and spiritual restoration.
The New Testament does not cancel this.
At the Last Supper, Christ established the basis of the New Covenant through His blood:
“This cup is the new testament [covenant] in my blood.”
—
Luke 22:20
But the fact that the Church presently receives New Covenant blessings does not mean the Church has become the covenant’s original covenant party.
Paul makes this distinction remarkably clear. In Romans 11, Gentile believers are depicted not as replacing Israel, but as
wild olive branches grafted into blessings rooted in Israel’s covenantal promises. Paul explicitly warns Gentiles:
“Boast not against the branches... thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.”
—
Romans 11:18
The Gentiles do not become the root. They benefit from the root.
Paul then states that Israel’s present hardening is temporary:
“blindness in part is happened to Israel,
until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in. And so all Israel shall be saved.”
—
Romans 11:25–26
He immediately connects this future salvation of Israel with covenant fulfillment:
“For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.”
—
Romans 11:27
That is covenant language applied to
Israel AFTER the present Gentile ingathering.
Acts follows the same pattern. The earliest believers were Jewish. The great surprise was not that Israel had somehow ceased to exist as God’s covenant nation, but that
Gentiles were also being granted salvation apart from becoming Jews.
Peter is astonished in Acts 10 when the Holy Spirit falls upon Gentiles. In
Acts 11:18 the Jewish believers respond:
“Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life.”
Acts 15 addresses the same issue. The controversy is whether Gentiles must undergo circumcision and enter Judaism in order to be saved. The apostolic answer is no: God is taking from the Gentiles
“a people for his name” (
Acts 15:14). Yet James immediately cites the prophets concerning the future restoration of David’s fallen tabernacle. Gentile salvation does not erase Israel’s promises.
Ephesians 2 is also frequently misunderstood. Gentiles had once been:
“aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise.”
—
Ephesians 2:12
Through Christ they have now been
“made nigh by the blood of Christ” (v. 13).
Notice the direction of movement. The Gentiles were originally
strangers to Israel’s covenants. Through Messiah they now share spiritual blessings that previously lay outside their covenantal position.
This is exactly Fruchtenbaum’s distinction:
Israel is the possessor of the New Covenant.
The Church is a present beneficiary of its spiritual blessings.
The Church enjoys forgiveness, regeneration, justification, and the indwelling Spirit because Christ’s blood ratified the New Covenant. But that does not transfer the covenant from Israel to the Church or annul the national promises made to Israel.
The New Covenant was
promised to Israel, ratified by Messiah, spiritually participated in by the Church, and will ultimately be fulfilled nationally in Israel when Israel turns to her Messiah.
That preserves the plain meaning of Jeremiah 31, Ezekiel 36–37, Romans 11, Acts 10–15, and the entire prophetic framework.
The Gentiles were not substituted for Israel.
They were graciously brought near to blessings flowing from Israel’s Messiah and Israel’s covenants.