From https://www.etymonline.com/
Sodomy (n.)
c. 1300,
sodomie, "unnatural sexual relations," such as those customs imputed to the inhabitants of Biblical
Sodom, especially between men but also with beasts, from Old French
sodomie. Compare Late Latin
peccatum Sodomiticum "anal sex," literally "the sin of Sodom," from Latin
Sodoma. In Middle English also
synne Sodomyke (early 14c.).
sodomite (n.)
late 14c., "one who practices sodomy," also "resident of biblical Sodom," from Old French
Sodomite "inhabitant of Sodom; sodomite," also a general term of abuse, or directly from Late Latin
Sodomita, from Greek
Sodomitēs "inhabitant of Sodom"
From the Unabridged Oxford English Dictionary
Sodomy
C1325-
1.a. Formerly: any form of sexual intercourse characterized as unnatural or immoral, or otherwise culturally stigmatized. Later: any of a number of forms of sexual intercourse other than heterosexual vaginal intercourse, esp. as legally defined (see note). Now chiefly: anal intercourse, esp. between men; (sometimes more generally) homosexual activity, homosexuality. Cf.
buggery n.
The use of the word to refer to homosexual activity or homosexuality in general is now usually regarded as
derogatory and
offensive.
The definition of sodomy in
Criminal Law has varied over time and from one jurisdiction to another. Anal and oral intercourse, sexual activity between men, same-sex sexual activity of any kind, and bestiality have all been included. Less specific definitions identifying sodomy simply as a ‘crime against nature’ have also been used. In the later 20th century the use of the term to denote a specifically criminal act has declined, but it remains in use, particularly in legal contexts, to denote the specific sexual act of penetration of the anus by the penis, esp. as an act of violence.
https://www.oed.com/dictionary/sodomy_n?tab=meaning_and_use#21952429
(I have a paid subscription, so I don't know if the URL works for others.)
It was 1300 years after the last book of the Bible before the church created the word “sodomy” in Latin.
Sodom:
In the OT Hebrew - סְדֹם Cdom
Sodomite:
In the OT Hebrew - קָדֵשׁ qadesh (The Hebrew for Sodom and a sodomite are not related, totally different words)
The KJV “sodomites” renders what is known to be “male temple prostitutes”, which you see hinted at in the KJV margin note.