Note: Much of this article is still speculative with me and my hope in sharing it is that there might be more truth brought out concerning it. It is my belief that God has never “broken off” His union with Israel, just His fellowship, which will be reestablished during the final coming of the Lord Jesus.
You are right,God did not break His union with Israel,and they are always God's people,which the Old Testament,and New Testament,covenants,were given to them,and the Gentiles were included.
Some say the Church replaces Israel,but I believe Israel is the Church.
God's covenant is with Abraham,and Israel is His chosen nation,and His name in Jerusalem,and the Gentiles could have a benefit if they took hold of the Old Testament covenant,and a spiritual benefit,if they take hold of the New Testament covenant.
Joh 1:10 He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.
Joh 1:11 He came unto his own, and his own received him not.
Joh_4:22 Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship: for salvation is of the Jews.
Rom_1:16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.
Eph 2:11 Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who are called Uncircumcision by that which is called the Circumcision in the flesh made by hands;
Eph 2:12 That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world:
Eph 2:13 But now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ.
Eph 2:14 For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us;
Eph 2:15 Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace;
Eph 2:16 And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby:
Rom 11:12 Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?
Rom 11:13 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:
Rom 11:14 If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.
Rom 11:15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?
Rom 11:16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.
Rom 2:28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh:
Rom 2:29 But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God.
Salvation is of the Jews,and the Gentiles were included,which they become a Jew inward,and have salvation along with the commonwealth of Israel.
Although Israel was disobedient at times,and was led away captive,and overthrown,they are still God's people,and God always brings them back to Him,after they have borne their shame,in which God will send the Hebrews 2 witnesses in the future,to turn their hearts to Jesus,and the kingdom will be restored to Israel,in the millennial reign of Christ.
The truth is God is always with the Hebrews,and the nation of Israel,and if they are slightly punished for disobedience,God always brings them back to Him.God never lets them go,but they lose somewhat God's protection for disobedience,but God still has a hand on them,and their enemies can only go so far,and even when they were disobedient God said He still had some Hebrews that held unto the truth,and as well in the New Testament.
Deu 4:30 When thou art in tribulation, and all these things are come upon thee, even in the latter days, if thou turn to the LORD thy God, and shalt be obedient unto his voice;
Deu 4:31 (For the LORD thy God is a merciful God,he will not forsake thee, neither destroy thee, nor forget the covenant of thy fathers which he sware unto them.
When Israel is disobedient,and trouble comes upon them,if at any time they turn to God in the truth,even in the latter days,God will work with them to fully benefit them.
All through the history of Israel,they have chance after chance,to get back in the truth,if disobedient,for God will not let them go,and the truth is Israel has to be in the truth as a nation,that Jesus is their Messiah,or else the millennial reign cannot start,which means nobody is going to the New Jerusalem,unless Israel comes to the truth,but God will make sure of it.
Jer 31:34 And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.
Jer 31:35 Thus saith the LORD, which giveth the sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of the moon and of the stars for a light by night, which divideth the sea when the waves thereof roar; The LORD of hosts is his name:
Jer 31:36 If those ordinances depart from before me, saith the LORD, then the seed of Israel also shall cease from being a nation before me for ever.
Jer 31:37 Thus saith the LORD; If heaven above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, I will also cast off all the seed of Israel for all that they have done, saith the LORD.
Jer 33:19 And the word of the LORD came unto Jeremiah, saying,
Jer 33:20 Thus saith the LORD; If ye can break my covenant of the day, and my covenant of the night, and that there should not be day and night in their season;
Jer 33:21 Then may also my covenant be broken with David my servant, that he should not have a son to reign upon his throne; and with the Levites the priests, my ministers.
Jer 33:24 Considerest thou not what this people have spoken, saying, The two families which the LORD hath chosen, he hath even cast them off? thus they have despised my people, that they should be no more a nation before them.
Jer 33:25 Thus saith the LORD; If my covenant be not with day and night, and if I have not appointed the ordinances of heaven and earth;
Jer 33:26 Then will I cast away the seed of Jacob, and David my servant, so that I will not take any of his seed to be rulers over the seed of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob: for I will cause their captivity to return, and have mercy on them.
If the sun,and the moon,and the stars,are still shining,and active in the heaven,God's covenant is still with Israel,they are still God's people,God has not cast them away,and will have mercy on them,where one day they will not say,know the LORD,for they all shall know the LORD,and He is Jesus.
Mal 3:6 For I am the LORD, I change not; therefore ye sons of Jacob are not consumed.
God will only allow the Hebrews enemies to afflict her only so much,but will always deliver her.
Rom 11:1 I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
Rom 11:2 God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying,
Rom 11:3 Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.
Rom 11:4 But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.
Rom 11:5 Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
In the New Testament,God has not cast away His people,Israel,whom He foreknew.God is still with them,whether obedient,or disobedient,although God would rather them be obedient,and must be so,or there is no hope for anyone.
Dan 9:24 Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.
Dan 9:25 Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
Dan 9:26 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
Dan 9:27 And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.
The nation of Israel has 490 years to get in the truth,that Jesus is their Messiah.69 weeks have passed,with one week to go,or 7 years.
When Jesus was on earth,His own did not receieve Him,so they did not accept Jesus as a nation.Because of their rejection of Christ,God allowed the Roman Empire to overthrow Jerusalem,and scatter the Jews in to the nations,so they could not accept Jesus as a nation,and when they came back to their land,1948,they still do not accept Jesus as a nation,so the 70th weeks was not fulfilled.
Rom 11:24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be graffed into their own olive tree?
Rom 11:25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.
Rom 11:26 And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:
Rom 11:27 For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.
Rom 11:28 As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes.
Rom 11:29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.
Act 1:6 When they therefore were come together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel?
Act 1:7 And he said unto them, It is not for you to know the times or the seasons, which the Father hath put in his own power.
Act 1:8 But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.
Act 1:9 And when he had spoken these things, while they beheld, he was taken up; and a cloud received him out of their sight.
Act 1:10 And while they looked stedfastly toward heaven as he went up, behold, two men stood by them in white apparel;
Act 1:11 Which also said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye gazing up into heaven? this same Jesus, which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven.
Act 1:12 Then returned they unto Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet, which is from Jerusalem a sabbath day's journey.
Jer_46:28 Fear thou not, O Jacob my servant, saith the LORD: for I am with thee; for I will make a full end of all the nations whither I have driven thee: but I will not make a full end of thee, but correct thee in measure; yet will I not leave thee wholly unpunished.
Israel is blinded in part,which means they do not accept Jesus as a nation,until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in,when salvation is no longer available to them,which is when they take the mark,and God will only work with Israel at that time,in which they will not be blinded in part anymore,and all Israel shall be saved is when the kingdom is restored to them,and there will be no Gentile operating government.
Dan 8:9 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land.
Dan 8:10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them.
Dan 8:11 Yea, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away, and the place of his sanctuary was cast down.
Dan 8:12 And an host was given him against the daily sacrifice by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practised, and prospered.
Dan 11:31 And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily sacrifice, and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.
Rev 11:1 And there was given me a reed like unto a rod: and the angel stood, saying, Rise, and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and them that worship therein.
Rev 11:2 But the court which is without the temple leave out, and measure it not; for it is given unto the Gentiles: and the holy city shall they tread under foot forty and two months.
Rev 11:3 And I will give power unto my two witnesses, and they shall prophesy a thousand two hundred and threescore days, clothed in sackcloth.
Rev 11:4 These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the God of the earth.
The man of sin will establish a 7 years peace treaty,with Israel,which might be with the Palestinians,allowing Israel to rebuild their third temple,and they will go back to animal scarifices,which the man of sin steps in to their temple,and claims to be God.
The 7 years period will be the time that God brings Israel to the truth,by way of the 2 witnesses,fulfilling the 70 weeks,and causes all people that do not love Him to follow the beast kingdom.