MPW, I'm going to address Angela's post that you referred to in parts:
First, there is no where in the Bible that it says people are predestined to hell. At Seminary we had some Reformed students, (Baptist and real Reformed!) I challenged them one day to show me in the Bible where it said God predestines some to hell. They couldn't come up with a single verse! But they still believed because of the Calvinist logic that if some are predestined to be saved, then the rest must be predestined to hell. I would challenge anyone to find a verse that says God predestines people to hell.
So that does leave the problem of what is God's choice for those who go to hell?
"This is good, and it is pleasing in the sight of God our Savior,4 who desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth." 1 Tim. 2:3-4
So God's heart is that everyone will be saved. And certainly, we are to preach the gospel to everyone, because we have no idea who will be saved. And sometimes our words are breaking up fallow ground, planting seeds, or watering or maybe part of the harvest, according to the working of the Holy Spirit.
This part I totally agree with. The only part that I'd be cautious about though is in attributing these beliefs totally to Calvin or to Calvinism. IOW, although Calvin has certainly greatly influenced people throughout the ages along certain lines, there were some "early church fathers" (ECF's) who believed somewhat in his brand of "predestination" as well. Even then, however, there were even "earlier church fathers" who totally rejected any such thoughts of that type of "predestination". In either case, "early church fathers" or not, we still ultimately need to prove everything according to scripture because there were apostates even back in those days as well.
But God DOES know who will be saved.
I agree, but this only speaks to God's "foreknowledge" and does not in any way even suggest that God arbitrarily hand-picked certain people unto eternal life and others unto eternal damnation. There is a world of difference between "foreknowledge" and "predestination". Again, I go back to my example of Noah's Ark:
Noah's Ark was "predestined" to rise above the flood waters and to eventually come to rest upon the mountains of Ararat. God, in His "foreknowledge", knew who would get aboard the ark, but He still strove with everybody by His Spirit for 120 years and He still ordained Noah to be a preacher of righteousness. IOW, God genuinely gave everybody an opportunity to hear and to get aboard the ark and whoever boarded the ark was "predestined" to go where the ark went, but this is not the type of "predestination" that some here are preaching. No, instead, they're insisting that multitudes will have never even had the chance to come aboard the ark or to come to Christ by analogy in that God allegedly "predestined" them to hell. That is a heresy of the worst kind.
He does know who is predestined.
If you've been reading my responses here, then you ought not be surprised by what I am about to say. Yes, God does know Who is "predestined" and in the same manner in which Noah's Ark was "predestined" to rise above the flood waters and to eventually rest upon the mountains of Ararat, JESUS CHRIST was "predestined" to rise from the dead and to be seated at the right hand of the Father in heaven. In the same manner in which those who boarded Noah's Ark were "predestined" to go where the ark went, Christians or those who are "in Christ" are "predestined" to go where Jesus went. We are, according to scripture, seated in heavenly places in Christ, spiritually speaking, and we will also receive glorified bodies like He has one day.
God is above and beyond time, as someone already said! That means he KNOWS who will be saved. And I do believe that God is the one who reveals himself to us, and saves us. We are predestined, according to the Bible!
I agree, but what does this mean? He doesn't just "save us" apart from our wills. He saves us when we submit our wills to His will for our lives and when we are truly found to be "in Christ". Again, once we're truly "in Christ", we're "predestined" to go where He's been "predestined" to go.
And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.29 For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.30 And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified." Romans 8:28-30
"he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will," Eph. 1:5
"In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will," Eph. 1:11
Please consider what I'm about to say very closely. Look at the Ephesians 1:5 quote which speaks of how we've been "predestined for adoption". I don't know if you're aware of this or not, but the word which is translated as "adoption" in the New Testament doesn't really mean what our modern day English word "adoption" means. This word basically means "to place as an adult son" and it has everything to do with a Greco-Roman custom of Paul's day and Paul actually described it in his epistle to the Galatians:
"Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all; But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father. Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world: But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father. Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ." (Galatians 4:1-7)
If a man had a son in those days and in that culture, although his son would one day be his heir, he was placed under tutors and governors until the day of his "adoption" came or until the day came that he received adult status. Different togas were worn in those days to mark what stage of life a son was at and when he reached the age of "adoption", he donned what is called a "toga virilis" or the "toga of manhood":
Toga Virilis | Definition of toga virilis by Merriam-Webster
: the white toga of manhood assumed by boys of ancient Rome at age 15
How does any of this relate to what we're discussing? Well, Paul's point was that in the same way that a boy in that culture was under tutors or governors until the time of his "adoption" came, so, too, were people under the tutor of the law until the time came that they reached the status of adult sons IN CHRIST and God sent "the spirit of adoption" or "the Spirit of His Son" into their hearts. THIS is exactly the type of "adoption" that we were "predestined" to in Ephesians 1:5. And? Well, Paul himself lamented over the unsaved Jews in the following manner:
"I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost, That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart. For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh: Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises; Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel: Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called. That is, They which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but the children of the promise are counted for the seed." (Romans 9:1-8)
Paul understood that this "adoption" or that this status of adult sons in Christ pertained to all of Israel, yet they are not all Israel who are of Israel. Why? Because God allegedly "predestined" some of them to the "adoption" and others to hell? No! They were missing out on the very "adoption" that they were "predestined" to as well because of their rejection of Christ and because they were not truly a part of Abraham's seed. If they repented, which is what Paul was after, then they would be partakers of the very "adoption" IN CHRIST that God had "predestined" all willful believers to be a part of. I know that I'm giving you somewhat of a brainful....if I need to further elaborate later, then I most certainly will.
Now I have heard preaching (not a pastor of mine!) in a class and the preacher said that these verses, like the OT were actually speaking to US as a group. So the group of us are predestined to salvation.
Again, I believe in "group predestination" in the sense that Christ is the One Who has actually been "predestined" and all those who are found to be in Him (the "group") are therefore "predestined" to the same thing.
Now I don't see that in the text. Yes, we are the community of God. But God calls us as individuals, and then we become adopted into his family.
Again, Biblical "adoption" isn't really the same type of "adoption" that we commonly refer to today in our society. It had everything to do with one receiving the status of an adult son and no longer being under tutors and governors and, by analogy, that speaks of those who are no longer under the law, but have found the status of adult sons IN CHRIST.
But the experience of salvation is God meeting us, and calling us, and justifying us. Anything else undermines the sovereignty of God.
I'm not exactly sure what she means by all of this, but there is no reason whatsoever why God, in His sovereignty, couldn't sovereignly give man the freedom of choice and that is precisely what God has done.
So of course it follows if it is God that calls us, then we cannot lose our salvation
I totally disagree with the doctrine of "once saved, always saved" or OSAS. Again, we just read in Romans chapter 11 how saved Gentiles who had been grafted in could be cut off and how they were supposed to fear lest such a thing came upon them. There are so many other similar examples all throughout the Bible that it literally boggles my mind how people go out of their ways to either ignore them or to somehow seek to explain them away.
And perhaps those who just mentally assent to the gospel, who are not truly saved by God, are the ones that fall away, as the Bible says.
"They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us." 1 John 2:19
Again, there are many examples where those who were clearly "once saved" were not "always saved", but that's another discussion for another day.
So I am a single predestination person, which ends up acknowledging the calling, election and predestination of believers, without reading what into the text what is not there, and that is predestination to hell.
Again, I believe in "group predestination" in the sense in which I already described it (we're "predestined" IN CHRIST) and I definitely agree that the Bible says nothing about God allegedly "predestinating" people to hell in the manner in which some teach. God puts before us life and death and He tells us to CHOOSE LIFE. Those who CHOOSE DEATH, CHOOSE HELL as well.
I hope that this answers your questions.