Daniel was proved in time so it is not our job to Judge. but the lesson is very much for us as you have highlighted.
understanding the context is important. God has just revealed to the King that His gold kingdom would be replaced by another kingdom (Silver). The king wanted his kingdom to last for ever so the statue was of gold from head to toe. Babylon is mentioned in Revelation many times and we can be sure it is not literal Babylon because it has come and gone just like Dan 2 indicates.
How is playing the music and what is the golden image today. = Babylon. spiritual Babylon. what is spiritual Babylon today? What you said at the start was great but it is helpful to know how is playing the music and what the image is today.
Dan 2:31 Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This great image, whose brightness was excellent, stood before thee; and the form thereof was terrible.
Dan 2:32 This image's head was of fine gold, his breast and his arms of silver, his belly and his thighs of brass,
Dan 2:33 His legs of iron, his feet part of iron and part of clay.
Dan 2:34 Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay, and brake them to pieces.
Dan 2:36 This is the dream; and we will tell the interpretation thereof before the king.
Dan 2:37 Thou, O king, art a king of kings: ......38 .....Thou art this head of gold.
Dan 2:39 And after thee shall arise another kingdom inferior to thee, and another third kingdom of brass, which shall bear rule over all the earth.......
So the king made an image that was all gold..
What is the image of Babylon today?
Rev_13:14 And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live.
Rev_13:15 And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed.
Rev_14:9 And the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice, If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his hand,
Remember that beasts are describe in prophesy as kingdoms or ruling powers
Dan 7:17 These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which shall arise out of the earth.
Dan 7:18 But the saints of the most High shall take the kingdom, and possess the kingdom for ever, even for ever and ever.
Which spiritual power is playing the music today?