Genesis one

[JLG]

Hebrew Bible
Masoretic Text
According to the Jewish Encyclopedia it occurs 5,410 times in the Hebrew scriptures.[55] In the Hebrew Bible, the Tetragrammaton occurs 6828 times,[33]: 142  as can be seen in Kittel's Biblia Hebraica and the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. In addition, the marginal notes or masorah[note 1] indicate that in another 134 places, where the received text has the word Adonai, an earlier text had the Tetragrammaton.[56][note 2] which would add up to 142 additional occurrences. Even in the Dead Sea Scrolls practice varied with regard to use of the Tetragrammaton.[57] According to Brown–Driver–Briggs, יְהֹוָה‎ (qere אֲדֹנָי‎) occurs 6,518 times, and יֱהֹוִה‎ (qere אֱלֹהִים‎) 305 times in the Masoretic Text.

The first appearance of the Tetragrammaton is in the Book of Genesis 2:4.[58] The only books it does not appear in are Ecclesiastes, the Book of Esther, and Song of Songs.[33][4]

In the Book of Esther the Tetragrammaton does not appear, but it has been distinguished acrostic-wise in the initial or last letters of four consecutive words,[note 3] as indicated in Est 7:5 by writing the four letters in red in at least three ancient Hebrew manuscripts.[59][original research?]

The short form יָהּ‎/Yah (a digrammaton) "occurs 50 times if the phrase hallellu-Yah is included":[60][61] 43 times in the Psalms, once in Exodus 15:2; 17:16; Isaiah 12:2; 26:4, and twice in Isaiah 38:11. It also appears in the Greek phrase Ἁλληλουϊά (Alleluia, Hallelujah) in Revelation 19:1, 3, 4, 6.[62]

Other short forms are found as a component of theophoric Hebrew names in the Bible: jô- or jehô- (29 names) and -jāhû or -jāh (127 jnames). A form of jāhû/jehô appears in the name Elioenai (Elj(eh)oenai) in 1Ch 3:23–24; 4:36; 7:8; Ezr 22:22, 27; Neh 12:41.

The following graph shows the absolute number of occurrences of the Tetragrammaton (6828 in all) in the books in the Masoretic Text,[63] without relation to the length of the books.

 

[JLG]

Somebody says:
There is no Hebrew word "weh."
The Masoretic text uses seven different variations of the Name in order to hide the true pronunciation.

יְהוָֹה - Y'howah (ē - ĕ - hō - wä), example found in Genesis 3:14

יְהוָה - Y'hwah (ē - ĕ - wä), example found in Genesis 2:4

יֱהוִֹה - Yehowih (ē - ĕ - hō - wĭ), example found in Judges 16:28

יֱהוִה - Yehwih (ē - ĕ - wĭ), example found in Genesis 15:2

יְהוִֹה - Y'howih (ē - ĕ - hō - wĭ), example found in 1 Kings 2:26

יְהוִה - Y'hwih (ē - ĕ - wĭ), example found in Ezekiel 24:24

יֲהוָה - Yahwah (ē - ă - wä), example found in Psalms 144:15

As you can see, the last one is "Yahwah". However, we do not see "Yahweh".

 

[JLG]

My answer:
https://carm.org/about-god/what-is-the-real-name-of-god-yhwh-jehovah-yahweh/
What is the real name of God? YHWH, Jehovah, Yahweh?

The real name of God is YHWH, the four letters that make up His name found in Exodus 3:14. However, there is no correct pronunciation for the name of God because the letters are only consonants, no vowels. So we cannot tell what the “real” name of God is. However, in Exodus 3:13-14 it says, “Then Moses said to God, ‘Behold, I am going to the sons of Israel, and I shall say to them, “The God of your fathers has sent me to you.” Now they may say to me, ‘What is His name?’ What shall I say to them?” 14 And God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM”; and He said, “Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’” When God says “I AM” he is speaking his name. In the Hebrew language that this verse was written in, the letters are yod, he, vav, he, from which we get YHWH. These four letters were very loosely translated into the English ‘Jehovah.’ However, there is no ‘j’ sound in the Hebrew. So, a better approximation of the name of God would be Yahweh.

To reiterate, the pronunciation of God’s name is difficult because when the Jews wrote His name in Hebrew Scriptures, they did not use vowel designations. They only used consonants. Therefore, the phrase “The name of God is YHWH” would appear as “th nm f gd s yhwh.” This wasn’t a problem with the Hebrews because they knew what the words were and how to pronounce them. It was not until many hundreds of years later that the Jews started to insert what was called ‘vowel points’ into the copied texts of the Hebrew Old Testament.

But unfortunately for us, we still don’t know exactly which vowel sounds are the correct ones. Nevertheless, from the text above the proper name of God is “I AM,” which we transliterate into the English YHWH.

 

[JLG]

https://www.gotquestions.org/Jehovah.html
In the Hebrew Scriptures, the name of God is recorded as YHWH. So, where did the name “Jehovah” come from? Ancient Hebrew did not use vowels in its written form. The vowels were pronounced in spoken Hebrew but were not recorded in written Hebrew. The appropriate vowel sounds of words were passed down orally. As a result, when ancient Hebrew is studied, scholars and linguists often do not know with absolute confidence how certain Hebrew words were pronounced.

This particularly becomes an issue when studying the Hebrew name of God, written in the Hebrew Scriptures as YHWH, also known as the tetragrammaton. Despite much study and debate, it is still not universally agreed upon how the Hebrew name for God YHWH was pronounced. Some prefer “Yahweh” (YAH-way); others prefer “Yehowah,” “Yahuweh,” or “Yahawah”; still others argue for “Jehovah.”

As you can see, virtually everything is up for debate. Should YHWH be pronounced with three syllables or two? Should the vowels be borrowed from Elohim or Adonai? Should the W be pronounced with more of a W sound or more of a V sound? It is not the purpose of this article to settle the debate. Rather, it is the purpose of this article to discuss the use of “Jehovah.”

 

[JLG]

https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology...at-is-it/0000017f-e5b5-df5f-a17f-ffff9b080000
We Shouldn't Take God's Name in Vain. But What Is It?
The true pronunciation of YHWH has long been lost, partly because 2,500 years ago, Jews decided it was too sacred to say aloud, and failed to preserve the way it was said
God goes by many names in the Bible, but he only has one personal name, spelled using four letters - YHWH. It truly has become an ineffable name: we know neither how it was pronounced in antiquity, or what it meant.
The practical reason for the mystery of its original pronunciation is that Hebrew is written without vowels. Technically, almost any combination of vowel sounds could have been used with those consonants, thus many different pronunciations are possible.
The other reason is more spiritual. The pronunciation of other biblical words were meticulously preserved for us by an unbroken chain of tradition passed on orally from generation to generation, until eventually it was put down in writing in Tiberias in the 10th century C.E. by Aaron ben Moses ben Asher, who refined the system of diacritic marks that Hebrew still uses to indicate vowel sounds.
But, this was not the case with the name of God.
This may seem odd. Why would the Jews preserve the pronunciation of all other words in the Bible but neglect to preserve the pronunciation of the one most important word, which appears in the Bible some 6,600 times - the name of God himself?
The reason is that during the Second Temple period, most likely in the early 5th century B.C.E., Jews decided that that name was ineffable, too holy to be uttered aloud. This was based on a particular interpretation of the third commandment, “Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.”
The commandment probably intended, at its origin, merely to prohibit inappropriate invocation of God’s name, when swearing and the like, but during this time it began to be viewed as a prohibition against uttering the name in all but the most solemn of circumstances.
According to the Mishnah (redacted in 200 C.E. but containing ancient traditions going back hundreds of years), the sacred name was only to be pronounced in the Temple in Jerusalem, and only in very specific occasions - by the High Priest on Yom Kippur and when the priests sanctified the crowds with the Priestly Blessing.
When the Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 C.E. by Rome, to punish the Jews for their latest rebellion, there was no longer any context in which the uttering of God’s name was permissible. Since then, to this day, when the name YHWH arises during prayer or recitation outside the Temple, Jews read it aloud as 'adonai, meaning “my lord.” Thus the true pronunciation was eventually lost.
Still, linguists and biblical scholars have come up with a likely reconstruction based on ancient transcriptions, information gleaned from theophoric names, comparative material, and Hebrew grammar. The details of these analyses are too technical and frankly boring to even summarize here, but the upshot is that in all likelihood, in biblical times, the name was pronounced yah-weh, with soft a and soft (and slightly elongated) e.
The meaning of YHWH
Moving on from its missing pronunciation, what did the name YHWH mean?
Hebrew words, or words of any other Semitic language, usually have three-letter roots. Analysis of Semitic words starts with that trilateral root, which appears in other words with related meanings.
This is, at a very basic level, how Hebrew and other Semitic languages work. The root has a basic meaning, which gains specific meanings with the addition of other sounds (consonants and vowels).
Ancient graves found in Tiberias, where Jewish customs, and their pronunciation, were finally written downCredit: Gil Eliyahu
Take for instance the root SRK: masrek means comb, lehistarek means to comb (one's hair), saruk is the passive past tense, combed; srika means medical scan - combing through your innards, and so on.
In the case of god, the trilateral root seems to be HWH.
If this is true, and it probably is, the root HWH is likely a variant of the very common Hebrew root HYH. It is very common in Hebrew for W and Y to interchange. HYH simply means “being.”
Also, the format of the name YHWH is similar to that of causative verbs, verbs that indicate the subject is causing a change in the verb’s object, such as English’s spill or hire. So, if we accept the root as HWH or HYH, and assume it has causative structure - taken together, the name seems to mean “bring into being.” Or, “creator.”
This interpretation is supported to a certain extent by the Bible itself.

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:1

In the days
בִּימֵי֙ (bî·mê)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 3117: A day

when the judges
הַשֹּׁפְטִ֔ים (haš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 8199: To judge, pronounce sentence, to vindicate, punish, to govern, to litigate

ruled,
שְׁפֹ֣ט (šə·p̄ōṭ)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 8199: To judge, pronounce sentence, to vindicate, punish, to govern, to litigate

there was
וַיְהִ֗י (way·hî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

a famine
רָעָ֖ב (rā·‘āḇ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7458: Famine, hunger

in the land.
בָּאָ֑רֶץ (bā·’ā·reṣ)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

And a certain man
אִ֜ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

from
מִבֵּ֧ית (mib·bêṯ)
Preposition
Strong's Hebrew

Bethlehem
לֶ֣חֶם (le·ḥem)
Preposition | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1035: Bethlehem -- 'place of bread', a city in Judah, also a city in Zebulun

in Judah,
יְהוּדָ֗ה (yə·hū·ḏāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3063: Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites

with his wife
וְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ (wə·’iš·tōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

and two
וּשְׁנֵ֥י (ū·šə·nê)
Conjunctive waw | Number - mdc
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

sons,
בָנָֽיו׃ (ḇā·nāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1121: A son

went
וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ (way·yê·leḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk

to reside
לָגוּר֙ (lā·ḡūr)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1481: To turn aside from the road, sojourn, to shrink, fear, to gather for, hostility

in the land
בִּשְׂדֵ֣י (biś·ḏê)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 7704: Field, land

of Moab.
מוֹאָ֔ב (mō·w·’āḇ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4124: Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled

• It was at the time of Judges in Israel!
• There was a famine!
• A couple went with his two sons to Moab!
• They were from Bethlehem in Judah!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:2

The man’s
הָאִ֣ישׁ (hā·’îš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

name
וְשֵׁ֣ם (wə·šêm)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8034: A name

was Elimelech,
אֱ‍ֽלִימֶ֡לֶךְ (’ĕlî·me·leḵ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 458: Elimelech -- 'God is king', the husband of Naomi

his wife’s
אִשְׁתּ֨וֹ (’iš·tōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

name
וְשֵׁם֩ (wə·šêm)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8034: A name

was Naomi,
נָעֳמִ֜י (nā·‘o·mî)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5281: Naomi -- mother-in-law of Ruth

and the names
וְשֵׁ֥ם (wə·šêm)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8034: A name

of his two
שְׁנֵֽי־ (šə·nê-)
Number - mdc
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

sons
בָנָ֣יו ׀ (ḇā·nāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1121: A son

were Mahlon
מַחְל֤וֹן (maḥ·lō·wn)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4248: Mahlon -- the first husband of Ruth

and Chilion.
וְכִלְיוֹן֙ (wə·ḵil·yō·wn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3630: Chilion -- a son of Naomi

They were Ephrathites
אֶפְרָתִ֔ים (’ep̄·rā·ṯîm)
Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 673: Ephraimite -- a descendant of Ephraim, also an inhabitant of Ephrath

from
מִבֵּ֥ית (mib·bêṯ)
Preposition
Strong's Hebrew

Bethlehem
לֶ֖חֶם (le·ḥem)
Preposition | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1035: Bethlehem -- 'place of bread', a city in Judah, also a city in Zebulun

in Judah,
יְהוּדָ֑ה (yə·hū·ḏāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3063: Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites

and they entered
וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ (way·yā·ḇō·’ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

the land
שְׂדֵי־ (śə·ḏê-)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 7704: Field, land

of Moab
מוֹאָ֖ב (mō·w·’āḇ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4124: Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled

and settled
וַיִּֽהְיוּ־ (way·yih·yū-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

there.
שָֽׁם׃ (šām)
Adverb
Strong's 8033: There, then, thither

• A couple with their two sons settle in Moab!
• They are Ephrathites from Bethlehem in Judah!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:3


- Naomi’s husband dies!

- Then she stays with her two sons!


Ruth 1:4


- Her two sons marry two moabite women, Orpah and Ruth!

- They live in Moab for ten years!


Ruth 1:5

• Then her two sons die!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:6


When

כִּ֤י (kî)

Conjunction

Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction


[Naomi] heard

שָֽׁמְעָה֙ (šā·mə·‘āh)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 8085: To hear intelligently


in Moab

מוֹאָ֔ב (mō·w·’āḇ)

Noun - proper - feminine singular

Strong's 4124: Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled


that

כִּֽי־ (kî-)

Conjunction

Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction


the LORD

יְהוָה֙ (Yah·weh)

Noun - proper - masculine singular

Strong's 3069: YHWH


had attended to

פָקַ֤ד (p̄ā·qaḏ)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 6485: To visit, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit


His people

עַמּ֔וֹ (‘am·mōw)

Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular

Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock


by providing

לָתֵ֥ת (lā·ṯêṯ)

Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

Strong's 5414: To give, put, set


them

לָהֶ֖ם (lā·hem)

Preposition | third person masculine plural

Strong's Hebrew


with food,

לָֽחֶם׃ (lā·ḥem)

Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 3899: Food, bread, grain


she

הִיא֙ (hî)

Pronoun - third person feminine singular

Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are


and her daughters-in-law

וְכַלֹּתֶ֔יהָ (wə·ḵal·lō·ṯe·hā)

Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singular

Strong's 3618: Daughter-in-law, bride


prepared

וַתָּ֤קָם (wat·tā·qām)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand


to leave

וַתָּ֖שָׁב (wat·tā·šāḇ)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again


the land

מִשְּׂדֵ֣י (miś·śə·ḏê)

Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct

Strong's 7704: Field, land


of Moab.

מוֹאָ֑ב (mō·w·’āḇ)

Noun - proper - feminine singular

Strong's 4124: Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled

• So there is food for the Israelites thanks to Yah.weh!
• So Naomi wants to go back to her country with her two daughters-in-law!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:7

• So Naomi and her two daughters-in-law are on their way to Judah!

Ruth 1:8

• Naomi tells her two daughters-in-law to go back to their country!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:9


May the LORD

יְהוָה֙ (Yah·weh)

Noun - proper - masculine singular

Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel


enable

יִתֵּ֤ן (yit·tên)

Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 5414: To give, put, set


each of you

אִשָּׁ֖ה (’iš·šāh)

Noun - feminine singular

Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female


to find

וּמְצֶ֣אןָ (ū·mə·ṣe·nā)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine plural

Strong's 4672: To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present


security

מְנוּחָ֔ה (mə·nū·ḥāh)

Noun - feminine singular

Strong's 4496: Repose, peacefully, consolation, an abode


in the home

בֵּ֣ית (bêṯ)

Noun - masculine singular construct

Strong's 1004: A house


of your new husband.”

אִישָׁ֑הּ (’î·šāh)

Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular

Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person


And she kissed

וַתִּשַּׁ֣ק (wat·tiš·šaq)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 5401: To kiss, to equip with weapons


them

לָהֶ֔ן (lā·hen)

Preposition | third person feminine plural

Strong's Hebrew


as they wept

וַתִּבְכֶּֽינָה׃ (wat·tiḇ·ke·nāh)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine plural

Strong's 1058: To weep, to bemoan


aloud

וַתִּשֶּׂ֥אנָה (wat·tiś·śe·nāh)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine plural

Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take

• For Naomi, her daughters-in-law should go back to their country and get new husbands!
• She thinks that’s the better way for them!
• She will do what she can for herself!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:10


and said,

וַתֹּאמַ֖רְנָה־ (wat·tō·mar·nāh-)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine plural

Strong's 559: To utter, say


“Surely

כִּי־ (kî-)

Conjunction

Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction


we will return

נָשׁ֖וּב (nā·šūḇ)

Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural

Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again


with you

אִתָּ֥ךְ (’it·tāḵ)

Preposition | second person feminine singular

Strong's 854: Nearness, near, with, by, at, among


to your people.”

לְעַמֵּֽךְ׃ (lə·‘am·mêḵ)

Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular

Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

• But they want to stay with Naomi!

 

[JLG]

1. About women in the Bible

But for Adam

וּלְאָדָ֕ם (ū·lə·’ā·ḏām)

Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular

Strong's 120: Ruddy, a human being


no

לֹֽא־ (lō-)

Adverb - Negative particle

Strong's 3808: Not, no


suitable

כְּנֶגְדּֽוֹ׃ (kə·neḡ·dōw)

Preposition-k | third person masculine singular

Strong's 5048: A front, part opposite, a counterpart, mate, over against, before


helper

עֵ֖זֶר (‘ê·zer)

Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 5828: A help, helper


was found.

מָצָ֥א (mā·ṣā)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 4672: To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present

• Here the woman is called a suitable helper of man!
• Only two words!
• But two words with so meaningful meaning!
• And completely different from man’s interpretation!
• And it is always the same story!
• It is strange to wonder why man needs his own interpretation away from Yah.weh!
• It is a perpetual position which leads to nowhere, a dead end!
• It seems to be that man takes pleasure in altering reality!
• It is like the real world and the metaverse!
• Man is unable to control the real world so he wants to develop a world in his image!
• Thus corruption is a pandemic which destroys man!
• It is a drug man can’t do without!
• A MIRAGE!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:11


But Naomi

נָעֳמִי֙ (nā·‘o·mî)

Noun - proper - feminine singular

Strong's 5281: Naomi -- mother-in-law of Ruth


replied,

וַתֹּ֤אמֶר (wat·tō·mer)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 559: To utter, say


“Return home,

שֹׁ֣בְנָה (šō·ḇə·nāh)

Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine plural

Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again


my daughters.

בְנֹתַ֔י (ḇə·nō·ṯay)

Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singular

Strong's 1323: A daughter


Why

לָ֥מָּה (lām·māh)

Interrogative

Strong's 4100: What?, what!, indefinitely what


would you go

תֵלַ֖כְנָה (ṯê·laḵ·nāh)

Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person feminine plural

Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk


with me?

עִמִּ֑י (‘im·mî)

Preposition | first person common singular

Strong's 5973: With, equally with


[Are] there still

הַֽעֽוֹד־ (ha·‘ō·wḏ-)

Adverb

Strong's 5750: Iteration, continuance, again, repeatedly, still, more


sons

בָנִים֙ (ḇā·nîm)

Noun - masculine plural

Strong's 1121: A son


in my womb

בְּֽמֵעַ֔י (bə·mê·‘ay)

Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular

Strong's 4578: The intestines, the abdomen, sympathy, a vest, the stomach, the uterus, the heart


to become

וְהָי֥וּ (wə·hā·yū)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural

Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be


your husbands?

לַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃ (la·’ă·nā·šîm)

Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural

Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

• But Naomi tells them to leave her and go back to their country to find new husbands!
• That’s the way they were used to!

 

[JLG]

2. About women in the Bible

Genesis 2:21


So the LORD

יְהוָ֨ה (Yah·weh)

Noun - proper - masculine singular

Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel


God

אֱלֹהִ֧ים ׀ (’ĕ·lō·hîm)

Noun - masculine plural

Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative


caused

וַיַּפֵּל֩ (way·yap·pêl)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 5307: To fall, lie


the man

הָאָדָ֖ם (hā·’ā·ḏām)

Article | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 120: Ruddy, a human being


to fall into

עַל־ (‘al-)

Preposition

Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against


a deep sleep,

תַּרְדֵּמָ֛ה (tar·dê·māh)

Noun - feminine singular

Strong's 8639: A lethargy, trance


and while he slept,

וַיִּישָׁ֑ן (way·yî·šān)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 3462: To be slack, languid, sleep, to grow old, stale, inveterate


He took

וַיִּקַּ֗ח (way·yiq·qaḥ)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 3947: To take


one

אַחַת֙ (’a·ḥaṯ)

Number - feminine singular

Strong's 259: United, one, first


of [the man’s] ribs

מִצַּלְעֹתָ֔יו (miṣ·ṣal·‘ō·ṯāw)

Preposition-m | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular

Strong's 6763: A rib, a side, a, timber, plank


and closed up

וַיִּסְגֹּ֥ר (way·yis·gōr)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 5462: To shut up, to surrender


the area

תַּחְתֶּֽנָּה׃ (taḥ·ten·nāh)

Preposition | third person feminine singular

Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of


with flesh.

בָּשָׂ֖ר (bā·śār)

Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 1320: Flesh, body, person, the pudenda of a, man

• And Yah.weh took a rib from Adam and made Eve with it!
• Of course, he could have made Eve without a part of Adam!
• But the way he did tells a lot about his intention!
• He wanted them to become one!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:12


Return home,

שֹׁ֤בְנָה (šō·ḇə·nāh)

Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine plural

Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again


my daughters.

בְנֹתַי֙ (ḇə·nō·ṯay)

Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singular

Strong's 1323: A daughter


Go on,

לֵ֔כְןָ (lê·ḵə·nā)

Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine plural

Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk


for

כִּ֥י (kî)

Conjunction

Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction


I am too old

זָקַ֖נְתִּי (zā·qan·tî)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular

Strong's 2204: To be or become old


to have

מִהְי֣וֹת (mih·yō·wṯ)

Preposition-m | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be


another husband.

לְאִ֑ישׁ (lə·’îš)

Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person


Even if

כִּ֤י (kî)

Conjunction

Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction


I thought

אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ (’ā·mar·tî)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular

Strong's 559: To utter, say


there was

יֶשׁ־ (yeš-)

Adverb

Strong's 3426: Being, substance, existence, is


hope

תִקְוָ֔ה (ṯiq·wāh)

Noun - feminine singular

Strong's 8615: A cord, expectancy


for me

לִ֣י (lî)

Preposition | first person common singular

Strong's Hebrew


to have

הָיִ֤יתִי (hā·yî·ṯî)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular

Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be


a husband

לְאִ֔ישׁ (lə·’îš)

Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person


tonight

הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ (hal·lay·lāh)

Article | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 3915: A twist, night, adversity


and

גַּ֣ם (gam)

Conjunction

Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and


to bear

יָלַ֥דְתִּי (yā·laḏ·tî)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular

Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage


sons,

בָנִֽים׃ (ḇā·nîm)

Noun - masculine plural

Strong's 1121: A son

• Naomi keeps on her same traditional speech!
• There was only one way for women at this time: get a husband!

 

[JLG]

3. About women in the Bible

Genesis 2:22


And from the rib

הַצֵּלָ֛ע (haṣ·ṣê·lā‘)

Article | Noun - feminine singular

Strong's 6763: A rib, a side, a, timber, plank


that

אֲשֶׁר־ (’ă·šer-)

Pronoun - relative

Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that


the LORD

יְהוָ֨ה (Yah·weh)

Noun - proper - masculine singular

Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel


God

אֱלֹהִ֧ים ׀ (’ĕ·lō·hîm)

Noun - masculine plural

Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative


had taken

לָקַ֥ח (lā·qaḥ)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 3947: To take


from

מִן־ (min-)

Preposition

Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of


the man,

הָֽאָדָ֖ם (hā·’ā·ḏām)

Article | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 120: Ruddy, a human being


He made

וַיִּבֶן֩ (way·yi·ḇen)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 1129: To build


a woman

לְאִשָּׁ֑ה (lə·’iš·šāh)

Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular

Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female


and brought

וַיְבִאֶ֖הָ (way·ḇi·’e·hā)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular

Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go


her to

אֶל־ (’el-)

Preposition

Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to


[him].

הָֽאָדָֽם׃ (hā·’ā·ḏām)

Article | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 120: Ruddy, a human being

• And he brought her to Adam!
• Like something special!
• Like a precious gift!
• You look at Yah.weh’s act and then you think about what man has done with women!
• It is disgusting!
• Men and women are just goods!
• Man’s society is just a consumer society!
• Thus man spends his time buying goods!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:13


would you wait

תְּשַׂבֵּ֗רְנָה (tə·śab·bê·rə·nāh)

Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person feminine plural

Strong's 7663: To scrutinize, to expect


for them

הֲלָהֵ֣ן ׀ (hă·lā·hên)

Conjunction

Strong's 3860: Popularly for, if, therefore


to

עַ֚ד (‘aḏ)

Preposition

Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while


grow up?

יִגְדָּ֔לוּ (yiḡ·dā·lū)

Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural

Strong's 1431: To grow up, become great


Would you refrain

תֵּֽעָגֵ֔נָה (tê·‘ā·ḡê·nāh)

Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - second person feminine plural

Strong's 5702: To shut oneself in or off


from

לְבִלְתִּ֖י (lə·ḇil·tî)

Preposition-l

Strong's 1115: A failure of, not, except, without, unless, besides, because not, until


having

הֱי֣וֹת (hĕ·yō·wṯ)

Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct

Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be


husbands?

לְאִ֑ישׁ (lə·’îš)

Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person


No,

אַ֣ל (’al)

Adverb

Strong's 408: Not


my daughters,

בְּנֹתַ֗י (bə·nō·ṯay)

Noun - feminine plural construct | first person common singular

Strong's 1323: A daughter


it grieves

מַר־ (mar-)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 4843: To be, bitter


me

לִ֤י (lî)

Preposition | first person common singular

Strong's Hebrew


very much

מְאֹד֙ (mə·’ōḏ)

Adverb

Strong's 3966: Vehemence, vehemently, wholly, speedily


for

מִכֶּ֔ם (mik·kem)

Preposition | second person masculine plural

Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of


your sakes that

כִּֽי־ (kî-)

Conjunction

Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction


the hand

יַד־ (yaḏ-)

Noun - feminine singular construct

Strong's 3027: A hand


of the LORD

יְהוָֽה׃ (Yah·weh)

Noun - proper - masculine singular

Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel


has gone out

יָצְאָ֥ה (yā·ṣə·’āh)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim


against me.”

בִ֖י (ḇî)

Preposition | first person common singular

Strong's Hebrew

• For Naomi, everything is clear:
• Her two daughters-in-law must leave her and go back to their country and get married to survive!
• It is just a question of survival!
• Her own case is not important!
• She is old!

 

[JLG]

4) About women in the Bible

Genesis 2:24


For

עַל־ (‘al-)

Preposition

Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against


this reason

כֵּן֙ (kên)

Adverb

Strong's 3651: So -- thus


a man

אִ֔ישׁ (’îš)

Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person


will leave

יַֽעֲזָב־ (ya·‘ă·zāḇ-)

Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 5800: To loosen, relinquish, permit


his father

אָבִ֖יו (’ā·ḇîw)

Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular

Strong's 1: Father


and

וְאֶת־ (wə·’eṯ-)

Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker

Strong's 853: Untranslatable mark of the accusative case


his mother

אִמּ֑וֹ (’im·mōw)

Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular

Strong's 517: A mother, )


and

וְהָי֖וּ (wə·hā·yū)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural

Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be


be united

וְדָבַ֣ק (wə·ḏā·ḇaq)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular

Strong's 1692: To impinge, cling, adhere, to catch by pursuit


to his wife,

בְּאִשְׁתּ֔וֹ (bə·’iš·tōw)

Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular

Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female


and they will become one

אֶחָֽד׃ (’e·ḥāḏ)

Number - masculine singular

Strong's 259: United, one, first


flesh.

לְבָשָׂ֥ר (lə·ḇā·śār)

Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular

Strong's 1320: Flesh, body, person, the pudenda of a, man

• Man and woman will be united!
• They will become one flesh!
• Simple and logical!
• Clear like crystal!
• But not for men!
• For men, everything is complicated!
• Or it seems they make everything complicated!
• Men like to get into trouble!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 1:14


Again

ע֑וֹד (‘ō·wḏ)

Adverb

Strong's 5750: Iteration, continuance, again, repeatedly, still, more


they wept

וַתִּבְכֶּ֖ינָה (wat·tiḇ·ke·nāh)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine plural

Strong's 1058: To weep, to bemoan


aloud,

וַתִּשֶּׂ֣נָה (wat·tiś·śe·nāh)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine plural

Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take


and Orpah

עָרְפָּה֙ (‘ā·rə·pāh)

Noun - proper - feminine singular

Strong's 6204: Orpah -- sister-in-law of Ruth


kissed

וַתִּשַּׁ֤ק (wat·tiš·šaq)

Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 5401: To kiss, to equip with weapons


her mother-in-law {goodbye},

לַחֲמוֹתָ֔הּ (la·ḥă·mō·w·ṯāh)

Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular

Strong's 2545: Husband's mother


but Ruth

וְר֖וּת (wə·rūṯ)

Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular

Strong's 7327: Ruth -- 'friendship', a Moabite ancestress of David


clung

דָּ֥בְקָה (dā·ḇə·qāh)

Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular

Strong's 1692: To impinge, cling, adhere, to catch by pursuit


to her.

בָּֽהּ׃ (bāh)

Preposition | third person feminine singular

Strong's Hebrew

• We must remember that Orpah and Ruth have been married 10 years with Naomi’s sons!
• So they have spent a lot of time with Naomi!
• We can imagine they have developed a strong relationship with her!
• Finally, Orpah goes away!
• But Ruth doesn’t!