Matt 23:1-3 YLT
1Then Jesus spake to the multitudes, and to his disciples,
2saying,
‘On the seat of Moses sat down the scribes and the Pharisees; 3all, then, as much as they may say to you to observe, observe and do, but according to their works do not, for they say, and do not;
Matt 23:1-3 NASB
1Then Jesus spoke to the crowds and to His disciples,
2saying:
“The scribes and the Pharisees have seated themselves in the chair of Moses; 3therefore all that they tell you, do and observe, but do not do according to their deeds; for they say things and do not do them.
Perhaps the authority was not just Rome, but also the leaders of the Jews.
Granted, Jesus tells readers/hearers to give to Caesar what it Caesar's, but in these verses He tells them to do and observe all that the scribes and Pharisees tell them.
After Pentecost, however, we see that the Apostles/disciples do not heed the words of the "rulers and elders of the people":
5On the next day,
their rulers and elders and scribes were gathered together in Jerusalem; 6and Annas the high priest was there, and Caiaphas and John and Alexander, and all who were of high-priestly descent. 7When they had placed them in the center, they
began to inquire, “By what power, or in what name, have you done this?”
8Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said to them, “
Rulers and elders of the people,
9if we are on trial today for a benefit done to a sick man, as to how this man has been made well,
10let it be known to all of you and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene, whom you crucified, whom God raised from the dead—by this
name this man stands here before you in good health.
11“He is the
STONE WHICH WAS REJECTED by you,
THE BUILDERS,
but WHICH BECAME THE CHIEF CORNER stone. 12“And there is salvation in no one else; for there is no other name under heaven that has been given among men by which we must be saved.”
13Now as they observed the confidence of Peter and John and understood that they were uneducated and untrained men, they were amazed, and
began to recognize them as having been with Jesus.
14And seeing the man who had been healed standing with them, they had nothing to say in reply.
15But when they had ordered them to leave the Council, they
began to confer with one another,
16saying, “What shall we do with these men? For the fact that a noteworthy miracle has taken place through them is apparent to all who live in Jerusalem, and we cannot deny it.
17“But so that it will not spread any further among the people, let us warn them to speak no longer to any man in this name.”
18And when they had summoned them,
they commanded them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus. 19But Peter and John answered and said to them, “Whether it is right in the sight of God to give heed to you rather than to God, you be the judge; 20 for we cannot stop speaking about what we have seen and heard.”