sure
Romans 9:16
human will or exertion
That answer sounds like it comes from a child with no understanding and it avoids the question.
Romans 9:16 does not define “works of the law.” It only says salvation is not based on human desire or effort. That is not a definition. It is a conclusion.
If we actually let Paul define his own term, “works of the law” are specific actions of the Law that people relied on to claim righteousness. Paul himself explains this. He points to circumcision, food laws, feast days, and boundary markers that separate Jews from Gentiles. For example, circumcision is named directly as the issue in Galatians 2:3–5 and Galatians 5:2–4. Food laws appear in Galatians 2:12. These are the kinds of works Paul argues against when people trust them for justification. So even by Paul’s own words, “works of the law” are not simple obedience to God, but ritual law used to boast and exclude. Paul knows this perfectly well since he was a pharisees himself before his conversion, now remember if you read it inn Matthew 23 where Jesus rebukes severely the pharisees, well this is the same thing paul said in a different way.
Now set Paul aside and listen to Jesus, because Jesus clearly tells us what God calls “works.” and their true meaning.
Jesus says, “This is the work of God, that you believe in Him whom He sent” (John 6:29, NKJV). Belief here is not empty words. Jesus also says, “If you love Me, keep My commandments” (John 14:15). He says, “Not everyone who says to Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ shall enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father” (Matthew 7:21). He finishes by saying the wise man is the one who hears His words and does them (Matthew 7:24).
According to Jesus, works are simple and clear the core of the matter is this: Believing Him, obeying God, loving God, and loving others. These are not rituals to boast in. They are the fruit of a living faith.
Jesus goes even further and shows that what people call “works” are not cold rules, but love made alive by the Holy Spirit.
He teaches that the whole Law is fulfilled in love. He says, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart… and you shall love your neighbour as yourself. On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets” (Matthew 22:37–40, NKJV). When the Spirit of God is in a person, obedience turns into love, not burden.
Jesus then gives very plain examples so no one can pretend to misunderstand. He says that feeding the hungry, giving drink to the thirsty, welcoming the stranger, clothing the naked, caring for the sick, and visiting those in prison are counted as service done to Him personally (Matthew 25:35–40). These are not rituals.
These are acts of love.
He also points to mercy as true obedience. “I desire mercy and not sacrifice” (Matthew 9:13). This shows that God was never focused on outward religious acts,
but on a heart moved by compassion.
Jesus lived this out Himself. He ate with the poor, healed the sick, touched the outcast, and cared for widows and the broken. These are the works that flow from the Spirit all based on the LAW, that are the covenant defined by the ten commandments and summarized in the two greatest commandments, the first, to love God above all else, the second to love one another. there works dome out if love are not done to earn salvation, but because God’s life through the Holy Spirit is already working in a person.
So answering “works of the law” with “human will or exertion” is not only weak, it is
defiant toward Scripture. Paul defines the term one way, and Jesus defines true works another way. Jesus never condemns obedience. He condemns hypocrisy, pride, and trusting rituals instead of trusting God. So when Jesus defines true works, they are simple, human, and loving. Caring for widows, feeding the poor, showing mercy, and walking in obedience. This is what the Law looks like when it is written on the heart by the Spirit.