God has always had a remnant from the Jews ...again
Romans 11:2-5 God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying,
Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.
But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.
Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
Rom 11:1 "
I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin."
Rom 11:2 "
God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel saying,"
The "people which He (God) forknew" [v2] the people God had "not cast away" [v1] refers to Christians, not fleshly Israel. Paul tells us later Rom 11 that the fleshly Jews had been cast off, broken off and Gentiles had been grafted in.
In verse 1 Paul identifies himself as being born a fleshly Jew "
I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin" and contrasts that fleshly Jew to the Christian whom God foreknew.
So when Paul asks "
Hath God cast away his people?"
This is a reference to Christians
for the fleshly Jews had been cast off. But the fleshly Jews had not been cast off as to where they cannot be saved for Paul used himself as an example of a fleshly Jew who had been saved by converting to Christianity. So those fleshly Jews in Acts 2, who as Paul converted to Christianity, made up that remnant of fleshly Jews that became Christians, the ones God forknew. So anyone, fleshly Jew or Gentile, that becomes a Christian is then part of that people whom God foreknew > Christian.
So fleshly Israel as God's chosen people is over. Paul made an air-tight case on this in Romans 9.