There are 613 specific ordinances.
[7.] Moses specifically said by inspiration of God, that what God spoke and wrote at Mt. Sinai with His own voice and finger from Heaven were "the ten commandments". God came down upon Mt. Sinai in awesome majesty, with the whole mountain covered in the fire of the presence of the Holy Angels of God, so that none but those whom God called up were able to come near.
Exo_34:28 And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant,
the ten commandments.
Deu_4:13 And he declared unto you his covenant, which he commanded you to perform, even
ten commandments; and he wrote them upon two tables of stone.
Deu_10:4 And he wrote on the tables, according to the first writing,
the ten commandments, which the LORD spake unto you in the mount out of the midst of the fire in the day of the assembly: and the LORD gave them unto me.
In each place the Hebrew word
"[1697] dabar" is used, as the Ten Commandments are not merely laws or commands, but individual
promises of God each that He would perform
in those who would walk in His covenant. More on that later as needful.
[8.] The "ten commandments" that God spake in Person to all the people without the mediator Moses, were a complete Law, nothing further being added unto them, except later as to be written in a scroll/book through a mediator (Moses):
Deu_5:22 These words the LORD spake unto all your assembly in the mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice: and
he added no more. And he wrote them in two tables of stone, and delivered them unto me.
[9.] The "ten commandments" were written by God's own finger originally on sapphire stone and which second set was placed into the "pattern" Ark of the Covenant in the earthly tabernacle (Exodus 25:16,21).
[10.] The other precepts, statutes, laws, commands, ordinances, etc were all given by God through the mediator Moses, to be written by Moses' hand, and placed not inside of the Ark, but to be placed in the side of the Ark:
Deu_31:26 Take this
book of the law, and
put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, that it may be there for a witness against thee.
So, while important, God makes distinction, by several means. The many other things which God gave fall under the umbrella of the Ten Commandments:
Psa_119:96 I have seen an end of all perfection: but
thy commandment is exceeding broad.
and as such '613' probably wouldn't even come close to the depth of God's Ten Commandments, which are the expansion of His perfect character of Love, which itself is expressed in the greatest (Deuteronomy 6:5) and second greatest commandments (Leviticus 19:17-18) (both of whose contexts are the Ten Commandments, see Deut. 5, etc).
[11.] The '613' enumeration only considers material within the texts of the Torah (Gen-Deut), and not any other material from the Nevi'im or Ketuvim, as if God somehow stopped talking and giving commands through men, priests or prophets or kings, see Isaiah 8:20 (Law and Testimony)
[12.] Even from a basic search of scripture, the Torah itself makes differences between words:
Gen 26:5 KJB Because that Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my charge, my
commandments, my statutes, and my
laws.
Gen 26:5 KJB Str. BecauseH6118 thatH834 AbrahamH85 obeyedH8085 my voice,H6963 and keptH8104 my charge,H4931 my
commandments,H4687 my statutes,H2708 and my
laws.H8451
Gen 26:5 HOT
עקב אשׁר־שׁמע אברהם בקלי וישׁמר משׁמרתי
מצותי חקותי
ותורתי׃
Gen 26:5 HOT Str.
עקבH6118 אשׁרH834 שׁמעH8085 אברהםH85 בקליH6963 וישׁמרH8104 משׁמרתיH4931
מצותי
H4687 חקותיH2708
ותורתי׃H8451 (apologies for how this posts, not much can be done about that, I used highligher to mark the
beginning and
ending, so while the sentence reads left to right, each individual word correctly reads right to left)
Gen 26:5 HOT Translit. ëqev ásher-shäma av'rähäm B'qoliy waYish'mor mish'mar'Tiy
mitz'wotay chuQôtay w'
tôrotäy
Notice the distinction made between H4687 (mitzvot) and H8451 (torah), which is again found in Exodus 16:28,
Exo 16:28 And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my
commandments and my
laws?
This should suffice for now.