If you aren't a Catholic, have you at least studied theology? That would be a good starting point for you.
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Salvation, in Roman Catholicism, is a process with many steps: Actual Grace, Faith, Good Works, Baptism, Participation in the Sacraments, Penance, Indulgences, and Keeping the Commandments. Basically, salvation is attained through baptism and good works. It is maintained by good works and participation in the sacraments. If lost, it is regained through the sacrament of Penance which only a Roman Catholic priest can administer. Add to this purgatorial cleansing after a person dies, and you can see that salvation is an arduous process.In Catholicism, a person can gain salvation and lose it many times depending on the number of sins committed, their severity, and how much of the sacraments they participate in--in order to regain grace which enables them to do good works by which they are justified. Furthermore, justifying grace is infused into the Catholic upon baptism and via the sacraments. This grace can be gradually lost through venial sins or forfeited all together with mortal sins."
https://carm.org/catholic-salvation-attain
As far as justification, it is the end point that counts in the RCC and Orthodox churches. in other words, Baptism is all very well and good in infants, but in fact, if you grow up and fall away from the church (maybe not God?) then you lose your justification. Justification in the Protestant church is the initial experience when God saves, forgives and redeems. Permanent justification, again, is something that happens at the end of a Catholics' life, and they do not know if they have accomplished it or not. Hence the need for the Eucharist on the death bed of Catholics. I watche with grief and sadness as a beloved uncle went through this vicious cycle of needing the Eucharist daily, to keep him "sanctified" on his death bed.
"Broadly speaking, Catholic and Orthodox Christians distinguish between initial justification, which in their view occurs at baptism, and permanent justification, accomplished after a lifetime of striving to do God's will."
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(theology)
"What Sungenis is saying is that Christ's death merely appeased God's anger against man. He persuades God to relent of his anger and to offer a means of forgiveness to man. And that means is through man's own works cooperating with the grace of God. Grace is not the activity of God in Christ purchasing and accomplishing full salvation and eternal life and applying this to man as a gift. And it is not a completed work. Rather, grace is a supernatural quality, infused into the soul of man through the sacraments, enabling him to do works of expiation and righteousness. These works then become the basis of justification. In the Roman theology of justification there is an ongoing need to deal with sin in order to maintain a state of grace, and a need for positive acts of righteousness, which originate from that grace and then become the basis for one’s justification. So man’s works must be added to the work of Christ, in particular, the work of the sacraments. Consequently, justification is not a once–for–all declaration of righteousness based upon the imputed righteousness of Christ, but a process that is dependent upon the righteousness of man produced through infused grace."
http://www.christiantruth.com/articles/RCJustification.html
I read a lot of Catholic on-line sources, too. They are very subtle, but here is one statement that really shows us the "sanctification by works." Please note how quickly we suddenly can have "merit" not just for ourselves but others. I had a Catholic friend once, who constantly talked about how her actions were going to result in her wayward and philandering husband being saved. I also finally cut off contact with her, since I could not justify her insane sexual exploits as being anything Christian.
"Since the initiative belongs to God in the order of grace, no one can merit the initial grace of forgiveness and justification, at the beginning of conversion. Moved by the Holy Spirit and by charity, we can then merit for ourselves and for others the graces needed for our sanctification, for the increase of grace and charity, and for the attainment of eternal life. Even temporal goods like health and friendship can be merited in accordance with God's wisdom. These graces and goods are the object of Christian prayer. Prayer attends to the grace we need for meritorious actions."
If you read the Catholic documents, they do sound quite Protestant, until you begin to see the exceptions to the rule. Which basically means, as I said before, although Catholics are justified at water baptism, the entire thing is based on the church, and the relationship with the church. Not Jesus or the Holy Spirit, although they pay lip service to him. A terrible monument to how a hierarchy can totally twist the Bible. And whle the Arminians say we can walk away from God, Catholics maintain we can and do walk away, but it is the church that is necessary to bring us back, over and over and over again.
Hi Angela,
Not only have I sudied theology, I taught in the Catholic Chruch. Does this make me a Catholic? No. Because I don't agree with Catholic doctrine.
Now, you've given me much to read up above, and I really don't want to since this thread is not about what you're writing to. If you care to go over it piece by piece, I'm willing, but maybe in a different thread or by Pm. Your choice.
I know the difference in Justification in both Catholicism and Ptorestantsim. Let me just say quickly, Catholics are taught that they are justified at infant baptism, BUT THAT AT SOME POINT IN THEIR ADULT LIFE THEY MUST
ACCEPT THAT JUSTIFICATION.
To me, AT THIS POINT, they become saved and are truly JUSTIFIED.
As to sanctification: I do not agree with your initial statement - I'd have to study it more. Both Catholics AND Protestants believe the same about sanctification excepth the Catholics like to mix up both concepts a bit more.
Justification is an act of GOD.
Sanctification is an act of cooperation between God and man.
This can be read of in detail in CCC no.1987 to 2005
and especially no. 1996 to 2002, which is here for anyone who may be interested:
II. GRACE
1996 Our justification comes from the grace of God. Grace is
favor, the free and undeserved help that God gives us to respond to his call to become children of God, adoptive sons, partakers of the divine nature and of eternal life.[SUP]46
[/SUP]
1997 Grace is a
participation in the life of God. It introduces us into the intimacy of Trinitarian life: by Baptism the Christian participates in the grace of Christ, the Head of his Body. As an "adopted son" he can henceforth call God "Father," in union with the only Son. He receives the life of the Spirit who breathes charity into him and who forms the Church.
1998 This vocation to eternal life is
supernatural. It depends entirely on God's gratuitous initiative, for he alone can reveal and give himself. It surpasses the power of human intellect and will, as that of every other creature.[SUP]47
[/SUP]
1999 The grace of Christ is the gratuitous gift that God makes to us of his own life, infused by the Holy Spirit into our soul to heal it of sin and to sanctify it. It is the
sanctifying or
deifying grace received in Baptism. It is in us the source of the work of sanctification:[SUP]48
[/SUP]
Therefore if any one is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has passed away, behold, the new has come. All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself.[SUP]49
[/SUP]
2000 Sanctifying grace is an habitual gift, a stable and supernatural disposition that perfects the soul itself to enable it to live with God, to act by his love.
Habitual grace, the permanent disposition to live and act in keeping with God's call, is distinguished from actual graces which refer to God's interventions, whether at the beginning of conversion or in the course of the work of sanctification.
2001 The
preparation of man for the reception of grace is already a work of grace. This latter is needed to arouse and sustain our collaboration in justification through faith, and in sanctification through charity. God brings to completion in us what he has begun, "since he who completes his work by cooperating with our will began by working so that we might will it:"[SUP]50[/SUP]
Indeed we also work, but we are only collaborating with God who works, for his mercy has gone before us. It has gone before us so that we may be healed, and follows us so that once healed, we may be given life; it goes before us so that we may be called, and follows us so that we may be glorified; it goes before us so that we may live devoutly, and follows us so that we may always live with God: for without him we can do nothing.[SUP]51
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2002 God's free initiative demands
man's free response, for God has created man in his image by conferring on him, along with freedom, the power to know him and love him. The soul only enters freely into the communion of love. God immediately touches and directly moves the heart of man. He has placed in man a longing for truth and goodness that only he can satisfy. The promises of "eternal life" respond, beyond all hope, to this desire:
If at the end of your very good works . . ., you rested on the seventh day, it was to foretell by the voice of your book that at the end of our works, which are indeed "very good" since you have given them to us, we shall also rest in you on the sabbath of eternal life.[SUP]52[/SUP]
Fran